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Italian Trapassato Prossimo: The Past of the Past
The Italian trapassato prossimo is the past of the past: imperfetto of essere/avere plus past participle. This A2-B1 guide covers form, auxiliary selection, agreement, sequence of tenses with quando/dopo che/appena, adverbs (gia, mai, appena), standalone use, trapassato vs imperfetto, and how English had+PP maps on and off.
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Italian Gerundio: Adverb, Causal, Modal, Pur + Gerundio (B1)
🔍 In short. The italian gerundio is an indefinite mood with only two tenses: a present in -ando or -endo (parlando, leggendo, dormendo) and …
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Italian Si Impersonale: How ‘One/People’ Works (B2)
🔍 In short. The italian si impersonale lets you talk about an unspecified group of people: the English “one”, “people”, “you” generic. The construction …
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Italian Impersonal Verbs: Andare, Capitare, Convenire, Dispiacere (B1)
TL;DR. Italian impersonal verbs (andare, capitare, convenire, dispiacere) flip the english perspective. The english subject becomes an italian indirect-object pronoun. Mi va = I …
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Italian Comparatives and Superlatives: Più, Meno, -issimo (B1)
🔍 In short. The Italian system of italian comparatives and superlatives lets you say more, less, the most, the least, and “very” in three …
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Italian Cleft Sentences: È … Che for Focus and Emphasis
🔍 In short. Italian cleft sentences (frasi scisse) split one plain sentence into two parts to spotlight a single element: Pietro ha firmato becomes …
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Italian Anzi vs Invece: Two Connectors, Two Logics (B1)
🔍 In short. Italian anzi vs invece are two adversative connectors that look similar in dictionaries and behave very differently in real sentences. Anzi …
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Italian Tricky Adverbs: Ancora, Appena, Cioè, Come, Ecco, Insomma (B1)
TL;DR. Italian tricky adverbs ancora, appena, cioè, come, ecco, insomma all carry multiple meanings and don’t map cleanly to one English word. Ancora = …
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