{"id":197,"date":"2026-06-11T02:30:56","date_gmt":"2026-06-11T02:30:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/?p=197"},"modified":"2026-06-11T23:32:46","modified_gmt":"2026-06-11T23:32:46","slug":"concordance-des-temps-italien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/concordance-des-temps-italien\/","title":{"rendered":"La concordance des temps en italien"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong>En bref.<\/strong> La <strong>concordance des temps italien<\/strong> r\u00e9git le choix du temps dans la proposition subordonn\u00e9e en fonction du temps de la principale. Vous connaissez d\u00e9j\u00e0 le m\u00e9canisme en fran\u00e7ais : il fonctionne de fa\u00e7on similaire en italien, mais avec deux diff\u00e9rences cruciales. D&#8217;abord, la concordance des temps en italien est plus stricte : apr\u00e8s un pass\u00e9, le subjonctif imparfait est obligatoire en registre soign\u00e9, l\u00e0 o\u00f9 le fran\u00e7ais parl\u00e9 tol\u00e8re l&#8217;indicatif. Ensuite, le \u00ab futur dans le pass\u00e9 \u00bb se construit avec le conditionnel pass\u00e9 en italien (non pas le conditionnel pr\u00e9sent comme en fran\u00e7ais). Ce guide complet vous donne toutes les cl\u00e9s pour ma\u00eetriser la concordanza dei tempi.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-toc-cdt-01\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-toc-container\">\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align:center\">Cosa impareremo oggi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"text-align:center\">\ud83d\udc46\ud83c\udffb Aller \u00e0 la section<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#ab2227;border-color:#ab2227\" \/>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#indicatif-principal-present\">1. Principale au pr\u00e9sent : concordance \u00e0 l&#8217;indicatif<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#indicatif-principal-passe\">2. Principale au pass\u00e9 : concordance \u00e0 l&#8217;indicatif<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#subjonctif-principal-present\">3. Principale au pr\u00e9sent : concordance au subjonctif<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#subjonctif-principal-passe\">4. Principale au pass\u00e9 : concordance au subjonctif<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#conditionnel-principal\">5. Principale au conditionnel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#futur-dans-le-passe\">6. Le futur dans le pass\u00e9 : sarebbe venuto<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#discours-indirect\">7. La concordance au discours indirect<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#cheat-sheet\">8. Tableaux r\u00e9capitulatifs (cheat sheet)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#dialogue\">9. Dialogue en situation (B2)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#exceptions\">10. Nuances et exceptions fr\u00e9quentes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#mini-exercice-1\">11. Mini-exercice 1 : indicatif ou subjonctif ?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#mini-exercice-2\">12. Mini-exercice 2 : futur dans le pass\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#ab2227;border-color:#ab2227\" \/>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#quiz\">Quiz : tester vos connaissances<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"indicatif-principal-present\">1. Principale au pr\u00e9sent : concordance \u00e0 l&#8217;indicatif<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quand le verbe de la proposition principale est \u00e0 l&#8217;<strong>indicatif pr\u00e9sent<\/strong> ou au <strong>futur<\/strong>, la subordonn\u00e9e \u00e0 l&#8217;indicatif exprime les m\u00eames rapports temporels qu&#8217;en fran\u00e7ais : simultan\u00e9it\u00e9, ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9, post\u00e9riorit\u00e9. La concordance des temps en italien suit ici une logique directe, identique \u00e0 la concordance des temps italien pour le subjonctif (sections 3-4).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Simultan\u00e9it\u00e9<\/strong> (m\u00eame moment) : indicatif pr\u00e9sent dans la subordonn\u00e9e.<br><em>Simultan\u00e9it\u00e9 : m\u00eame moment que la principale.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/strong> (avant la principale) : pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 ou imparfait.<br><em>Ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9 : action accomplie avant la principale.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Post\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/strong> (apr\u00e8s la principale) : futur ou pr\u00e9sent.<br><em>Post\u00e9riorit\u00e9 : action \u00e0 venir par rapport \u00e0 la principale.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voici des exemples concrets :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Penso che la biblioteca <strong>chiude<\/strong> alle otto.<br><em>Je pense que la biblioth\u00e8que ferme \u00e0 huit heures. (certitude, indicatif)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Silvia dice che <strong>ha trovato<\/strong> il documento.<br><em>Silvia dit qu&#8217;elle a trouv\u00e9 le document. (ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>La scuola ha comunicato che fra tre giorni <strong>inizier\u00e0<\/strong> il corso di disegno.<br><em>L&#8217;\u00e9cole a annonc\u00e9 que dans trois jours le cours de dessin commencera. (post\u00e9riorit\u00e9)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Attention : quand la principale exprime une <strong>certitude<\/strong> (dice che, \u00e8 certo che, so che), la subordonn\u00e9e est \u00e0 l&#8217;indicatif m\u00eame en italien. C&#8217;est seulement quand la principale exprime une opinion, un doute ou un sentiment que le subjonctif entre en jeu (voir section 3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"indicatif-principal-passe\">2. Principale au pass\u00e9 : concordance \u00e0 l&#8217;indicatif<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quand la principale est \u00e0 un <strong>temps pass\u00e9<\/strong> (passato prossimo, imperfetto, passato remoto, trapassato prossimo), les temps de la subordonn\u00e9e \u00e0 l&#8217;indicatif reculent d&#8217;un cran, comme en fran\u00e7ais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Simultan\u00e9it\u00e9<\/strong> : imparfait.<br><em>Simultaneit\u00e0 : azione che avviene nello stesso momento della principale.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/strong> : trapassato prossimo (plus-que-parfait).<br><em>Ant\u00e9riorit\u00e0 : azione gi\u00e0 compiuta rispetto alla principale.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Post\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/strong> : condizionale passato (futur dans le pass\u00e9, voir section 6).<br><em>Posteriorit\u00e0 : azione che avviene dopo la principale.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Camilla ha detto che <strong>stava<\/strong> per partire.<br><em>Camilla a dit qu&#8217;elle \u00e9tait sur le point de partir. (simultan\u00e9it\u00e9)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>I giornali scrissero che Del Piero prima di quella partita <strong>aveva giocato<\/strong> bene.<br><em>Les journaux \u00e9crivirent que Del Piero avait bien jou\u00e9 avant ce match. (ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Lea mi aveva assicurato che mi <strong>avrebbe tenuto<\/strong> il bambino domani sera.<br><em>L\u00e9a m&#8217;avait assur\u00e9 qu&#8217;elle me garderait l&#8217;enfant demain soir. (post\u00e9riorit\u00e9)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"subjonctif-principal-present\">3. Principale au pr\u00e9sent : concordance au subjonctif<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00e8s que la principale exprime une <strong>opinion, un doute, une \u00e9motion, une volont\u00e9 ou une possibilit\u00e9<\/strong>, la subordonn\u00e9e passe au subjonctif (congiuntivo). La concordance des temps en italien avec le subjonctif est plus stricte qu&#8217;en fran\u00e7ais. La concordance des temps italien distingue ici deux blocs : \u00abprincipale pr\u00e9sente\u00bb et \u00abprincipale pass\u00e9e\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quand la principale est au <strong>pr\u00e9sent, futur ou imp\u00e9ratif<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Simultan\u00e9it\u00e9 \/ post\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/strong> : congiuntivo presente.<br><em>Contemporaneit\u00e0 o posteriorit\u00e0 : congiuntivo presente.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/strong> : congiuntivo passato.<br><em>Anteriorit\u00e0 : congiuntivo passato.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Penso che Niccol\u00f2 <strong>venga<\/strong> alla riunione domani.<br><em>Je pense que Niccol\u00f2 viendra \u00e0 la r\u00e9union demain. (post\u00e9riorit\u00e9 : cong. pr\u00e9sent)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Sembra che il vivaio <strong>sia aperto<\/strong> anche la domenica.<br><em>Il semble que la p\u00e9pini\u00e8re soit ouverte le dimanche aussi. (simultan\u00e9it\u00e9 : cong. pr\u00e9sent)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Sono felice che tu <strong>abbia trovato<\/strong> lavoro.<br><em>Je suis content que tu aies trouv\u00e9 un emploi. (ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9 : cong. pass\u00e9)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mi sembra impossibile che Giulia <strong>sia gi\u00e0 arrivata<\/strong>.<br><em>Il me semble impossible que Giulia soit d\u00e9j\u00e0 arriv\u00e9e. (ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9 : cong. pass\u00e9)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-callout-cdt-01\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<div class=\"gb-container\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong>Contraste FR\u2194IT.<\/strong> En fran\u00e7ais, apr\u00e8s \u00abje pense que\u00bb, on utilise l&#8217;indicatif : \u00abje pense qu&#8217;il <em>vient<\/em>\u00bb. En italien, le m\u00eame verbe (pensare che) d\u00e9clenche le subjonctif : <em>Penso che <strong>venga<\/strong><\/em>. Ce d\u00e9calage est le pi\u00e8ge num\u00e9ro un pour les francophones. Les verbes pensare, credere, sperare, sembrare, ritenere, temere sont syst\u00e9matiquement suivis du subjonctif en italien.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"subjonctif-principal-passe\">4. Principale au pass\u00e9 : concordance au subjonctif<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C&#8217;est ici que la concordance des temps italien diverge nettement du fran\u00e7ais contemporain. Quand la principale est \u00e0 un <strong>temps pass\u00e9<\/strong> (imperfetto, passato prossimo \u00e0 valeur pass\u00e9e, passato remoto, trapassato prossimo) ou au <strong>conditionnel<\/strong>, la subordonn\u00e9e au subjonctif doit obligatoirement prendre une forme pass\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Simultan\u00e9it\u00e9 \/ post\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/strong> : congiuntivo imperfetto.<br><em>Contemporaneit\u00e0 o posteriorit\u00e0 : congiuntivo imperfetto.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/strong> : congiuntivo trapassato.<br><em>Anteriorit\u00e0 : congiuntivo trapassato.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pensavo che Niccol\u00f2 <strong>venisse<\/strong> all&#8217;incontro.<br><em>Je pensais que Niccol\u00f2 viendrait \u00e0 la r\u00e9union. (simultan\u00e9it\u00e9 : cong. imparf.)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Dubitavo che Lorenzo <strong>capisse<\/strong> il meccanismo del trapianto.<br><em>Je doutais que Lorenzo comprenne le m\u00e9canisme de la greffe. (simultan\u00e9it\u00e9 : cong. imparf.)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Era dispiaciuto che la sartoria <strong>avesse chiuso<\/strong> in anticipo.<br><em>Il \u00e9tait dommage que le tailleur ait ferm\u00e9 pr\u00e9matur\u00e9ment. (ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9 : cong. trapass.)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Non sapevo se Camilla <strong>avesse gi\u00e0 visto<\/strong> la perizia.<br><em>Je ne savais pas si Camilla avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu l&#8217;expertise. (ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9 : cong. trapass.)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Avevano scoperto che la figlia <strong>facesse<\/strong> uso di droghe.<br><em>Ils avaient d\u00e9couvert que leur fille faisait usage de drogues. (simultan\u00e9it\u00e9 : cong. imparf.)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-callout-cdt-02\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<div class=\"gb-container\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong>Contraste FR\u2194IT.<\/strong> En fran\u00e7ais parl\u00e9, on dit couramment \u00abje pensais qu&#8217;il <em>vient<\/em>\u00bb (indicatif pr\u00e9sent) ou \u00abje pensais qu&#8217;il <em>venait<\/em>\u00bb (imparfait). En italien soign\u00e9, apr\u00e8s un pass\u00e9, le subjonctif imparfait est obligatoire : <em>Pensavo che <strong>venisse<\/strong><\/em>. L&#8217;indicatif imparfait (<em>Pensavo che veniva<\/em>) s&#8217;entend dans la langue parl\u00e9e famili\u00e8re, mais reste incorrect \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9crit et dans les registres formels.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conditionnel-principal\">5. Principale au conditionnel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quand le verbe de la principale est au <strong>conditionnel pr\u00e9sent<\/strong> (vorrei, crederei, sembrerebbe&#8230;), la subordonn\u00e9e au subjonctif prend une forme pass\u00e9e : congiuntivo imperfetto ou trapassato. Ce point surprend souvent les francophones, car en fran\u00e7ais le conditionnel peut d\u00e9clencher un subjonctif pr\u00e9sent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vorrei che il progetto <strong>venisse<\/strong> approvato questa settimana.<br><em>Je voudrais que le projet soit approuv\u00e9 cette semaine. (cond. pr\u00e9s. : cong. imparf.)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Non crederei che <strong>venisse<\/strong>.<br><em>Je ne croirais pas qu&#8217;il vienne. (cond. pr\u00e9s. : cong. imparf.)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Sembrerebbe che tutto <strong>fosse<\/strong> gi\u00e0 deciso.<br><em>Il semblerait que tout ait d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cid\u00e9. (cond. pr\u00e9s. : cong. imparf.)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La logique est coh\u00e9rente : en italien, le conditionnel est trait\u00e9 comme un \u00abtemps pass\u00e9 de l&#8217;esprit\u00bb, ce qui entra\u00eene automatiquement les temps pass\u00e9s du subjonctif dans la subordonn\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"futur-dans-le-passe\">6. Le futur dans le pass\u00e9 : sarebbe venuto<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C&#8217;est <strong>le pi\u00e8ge le plus classique<\/strong> pour un francophone. Quand on rapporte une action future par rapport \u00e0 un moment pass\u00e9, le fran\u00e7ais utilise le <strong>conditionnel pr\u00e9sent<\/strong> (\u00abil m&#8217;avait dit qu&#8217;il <em>viendrait<\/em>\u00bb). L&#8217;italien, lui, utilise le <strong>condizionale passato<\/strong> (conditionnel pass\u00e9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ha detto che <strong>sarebbe venuto<\/strong> pi\u00f9 tardi.<br><em>Il a dit qu&#8217;il <strong>viendrait<\/strong> plus tard. [IT : cond. pass\u00e9 \/ FR : cond. pr\u00e9sent]<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ero sicuro che <strong>sarebbe arrivata<\/strong> entro le tre.<br><em>J&#8217;\u00e9tais s\u00fbr qu&#8217;elle <strong>arriverait<\/strong> avant trois heures.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Lea mi aveva assicurato che mi <strong>avrebbe tenuto<\/strong> il bambino domani sera.<br><em>L\u00e9a m&#8217;avait assur\u00e9 qu&#8217;elle me <strong>garderait<\/strong> l&#8217;enfant demain soir.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Silvia mi ha detto che <strong>sarebbe passata<\/strong> dalla libreria.<br><em>Silvia m&#8217;a dit qu&#8217;elle <strong>passerait<\/strong> \u00e0 la librairie.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Aveva detto che oggi <strong>sarebbe ritornata<\/strong> a scuola, invece \u00e8 ancora assente.<br><em>Elle avait dit qu&#8217;elle <strong>reviendrait<\/strong> \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9cole aujourd&#8217;hui, mais elle est encore absente.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-callout-cdt-03\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<div class=\"gb-container\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong>R\u00e8gle m\u00e9mo.<\/strong> FR \u00abil <em>viendrait<\/em>\u00bb (conditionnel pr\u00e9sent) = IT \u00ab<em>sarebbe venuto<\/em>\u00bb (conditionnel pass\u00e9). Le m\u00eame d\u00e9calage existe pour tous les verbes : \u00abelle <em>dirait<\/em>\u00bb = \u00ab<em>avrebbe detto<\/em>\u00bb ; \u00abils <em>feraient<\/em>\u00bb = \u00ab<em>avrebbero fatto<\/em>\u00bb. Quand vous avez un pass\u00e9 dans la principale italienne et un futur voulu dans la subordonn\u00e9e, pensez toujours au condizionale passato.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"discours-indirect\">7. La concordance au discours indirect<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La concordance des temps en italien s&#8217;applique de fa\u00e7on syst\u00e9matique au <strong>discours indirect<\/strong> (discorso indiretto). Voici le tableau de la concordance des temps italien quand le verbe introducteur est au pass\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Discours direct<\/th><th>Verbe introducteur au pass\u00e9<\/th><th>Discours indirect<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u00abParto.\u00bb (pr\u00e9sent)<\/td><td>Disse \/ Ha detto che&#8230;<\/td><td><strong>partiva<\/strong> (imparfait)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00abSono partito.\u00bb (pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9)<\/td><td>Disse \/ Ha detto che&#8230;<\/td><td><strong>era partito<\/strong> (plus-que-parfait)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00abPartir\u00f2.\u00bb (futur)<\/td><td>Disse \/ Ha detto che&#8230;<\/td><td><strong>sarebbe partito<\/strong> (cond. pass\u00e9)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00abVengo!\u00bb (pr\u00e9sent)<\/td><td>Disse \/ Ha detto che&#8230;<\/td><td><strong>veniva<\/strong> (imparfait)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00abHo visto Giulia.\u00bb (p. compos\u00e9)<\/td><td>Ha detto che&#8230;<\/td><td><strong>aveva visto<\/strong> Giulia (plus-que-parf.)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Remarquez que le <strong>futur<\/strong> du discours direct devient toujours un <strong>condizionale passato<\/strong> (et non un conditionnel pr\u00e9sent comme en fran\u00e7ais). C&#8217;est la r\u00e8gle du \u00abfutur dans le pass\u00e9\u00bb appliqu\u00e9e au discours indirect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quand le verbe introducteur est au <strong>pr\u00e9sent<\/strong> ou au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 \u00e0 valeur pr\u00e9sente, les temps ne changent pas obligatoirement : <em>Ha detto che viene<\/em> (pr\u00e9sent \u00e0 valeur encore actuelle) est possible \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de <em>Ha detto che veniva<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cheat-sheet\">8. Cheat sheet : concordance des temps en italien<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voici les deux tableaux de la <strong>concordance des temps en italien<\/strong> \u00e0 garder sous la main.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Concordance \u00e0 l&#8217;indicatif<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Principale<\/th><th>Simultan\u00e9it\u00e9<\/th><th>Ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/th><th>Post\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Pr\u00e9sent \/ Futur<\/td><td>Pr\u00e9sent<\/td><td>Pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 \/ Imparfait<\/td><td>Futur \/ Pr\u00e9sent<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pass\u00e9 (imparfait, pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9, pass\u00e9 simple, plus-que-parf.)<\/td><td>Imparfait<\/td><td>Plus-que-parfait<\/td><td>Condizionale passato<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Concordance au subjonctif (congiuntivo)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Principale<\/th><th>Simultan\u00e9it\u00e9 \/ Post\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/th><th>Ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Pr\u00e9sent \/ Futur \/ Imp\u00e9ratif<\/td><td>Congiuntivo presente<\/td><td>Congiuntivo passato<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pass\u00e9 \/ Conditionnel<\/td><td>Congiuntivo imperfetto<\/td><td>Congiuntivo trapassato<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ces deux tableaux r\u00e9sument la totalit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me de la concordance des temps en italien. La concordance des temps italien est beaucoup plus r\u00e9guli\u00e8re que la concordance fran\u00e7aise : une fois la principale identifi\u00e9e comme \u00abpr\u00e9sente\u00bb ou \u00abpass\u00e9e\u00bb, le choix du temps dans la subordonn\u00e9e est presque automatique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"dialogue\">9. Dialogue en situation (B2)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Camilla travaille dans une sartoria (atelier de tailleur) \u00e0 Verona. Elle discute avec Niccol\u00f2, un architecte, d&#8217;une commande de costume sur mesure. La conversation illustre plusieurs cas de concordance des temps en italien.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-dial-cdt-01\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<div class=\"gb-container\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83e\uddf5 <strong>Niccol\u00f2:<\/strong> Buongiorno, mi hanno detto che lei <strong>si occupasse<\/strong> delle camicie su misura.<br><em>Bonjour, on m&#8217;a dit que vous vous occupiez des chemises sur mesure.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83e\udea1 <strong>Camilla:<\/strong> S\u00ec, esatto. Non sapevo che <strong>avesse<\/strong> gi\u00e0 un appuntamento con noi. L&#8217;agenda dice che <strong>siamo<\/strong> liberi adesso.<br><em>Oui, exactement. Je ne savais pas que vous aviez d\u00e9j\u00e0 un rendez-vous. L&#8217;agenda indique que nous sommes disponibles maintenant.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83e\uddf5 <strong>Niccol\u00f2:<\/strong> Perfetto. Avevo sperato che il tessuto grigio <strong>fosse<\/strong> ancora disponibile : lo avevo visto sul catalogo di marzo.<br><em>Parfait. J&#8217;avais esp\u00e9r\u00e9 que le tissu gris soit encore disponible : je l&#8217;avais vu dans le catalogue de mars.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83e\udea1 <strong>Camilla:<\/strong> Temo che quel lotto <strong>fosse<\/strong> esaurito la scorsa settimana. Per\u00f2 ho un tessuto simile che <strong>potrebbe<\/strong> interessarla.<br><em>Je crains que ce lot ait \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9puis\u00e9 la semaine derni\u00e8re. Mais j&#8217;ai un tissu similaire qui pourrait vous int\u00e9resser.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83e\uddf5 <strong>Niccol\u00f2:<\/strong> Pensavo che i tempi di lavorazione <strong>fossero<\/strong> pi\u00f9 lunghi. Mi avevano detto che ci <strong>sarebbero volute<\/strong> almeno tre settimane.<br><em>Je pensais que les d\u00e9lais de fabrication \u00e9taient plus longs. On m&#8217;avait dit qu&#8217;il faudrait au moins trois semaines.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83e\udea1 <strong>Camilla:<\/strong> \u00c8 vero che normalmente <strong>occorrono<\/strong> tre settimane, ma sembra che per lei ci <strong>sia<\/strong> disponibilit\u00e0 prima. Posso confermare che il vestito <strong>sar\u00e0<\/strong> pronto per il 20.<br><em>Il est vrai qu&#8217;il faut normalement trois semaines, mais il semble qu&#8217;il y ait de la disponibilit\u00e9 avant. Je peux confirmer que le costume sera pr\u00eat pour le 20.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83e\uddf5 <strong>Niccol\u00f2:<\/strong> Ottimo. Non mi aspettavo che la consegna <strong>fosse<\/strong> cos\u00ec rapida. Grazie mille.<br><em>Excellent. Je ne m&#8217;attendais pas \u00e0 ce que la livraison soit aussi rapide. Merci beaucoup.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"exceptions\">10. Nuances et exceptions fr\u00e9quentes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La concordance des temps en italien conna\u00eet quelques situations particuli\u00e8res. M\u00eame les italophones natifs discutent parfois des nuances de la concordance des temps italien dans ces cas-l\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 \u00e0 double valeur<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le <em>passato prossimo<\/em> peut avoir une valeur \u00abpr\u00e9sente\u00bb (action r\u00e9cente encore li\u00e9e au pr\u00e9sent) ou une valeur \u00abpass\u00e9e\u00bb (action accomplie dans le pass\u00e9). Cette distinction influe sur la concordanza dei tempi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Ho sempre pensato che il mondo si <strong>divida<\/strong> in due.<\/em> (passato prossimo \u00e0 valeur pr\u00e9sente : cong. pr\u00e9sent, v\u00e9rit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale encore vraie)<br><em>J&#8217;ai toujours pens\u00e9 que le monde se divise en deux.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Ho pensato che <strong>venisse<\/strong> anche lui.<\/em> (action pass\u00e9e termin\u00e9e : cong. imparf.)<br><em>J&#8217;avais pens\u00e9 qu&#8217;il viendrait aussi.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La langue parl\u00e9e famili\u00e8re<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans la langue parl\u00e9e, notamment au Nord de l&#8217;Italie, on entend parfois le congiuntivo presente apr\u00e8s un verbe pass\u00e9 : <em>Pensavo che <strong>venga<\/strong><\/em> au lieu de <em>venisse<\/em>. Cette construction est accept\u00e9e dans les registres tr\u00e8s familiers, mais incorrecte \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9crit. La Treccani rappelle que la concordanza dei tempi reste la norme descriptive de la bonne langue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00e9rit\u00e9s g\u00e9n\u00e9rales et faits toujours vrais<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quand la subordonn\u00e9e exprime une <strong>v\u00e9rit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9rale<\/strong>, toujours valable au moment de l&#8217;\u00e9nonciation, le pr\u00e9sent de l&#8217;indicatif ou du subjonctif reste possible m\u00eame apr\u00e8s un verbe principal au pass\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Ho saputo che Galileo <strong>\u00e8<\/strong> nato a Pisa.<\/em> (fait historique toujours vrai)<br><em>J&#8217;ai appris que Galil\u00e9e est n\u00e9 \u00e0 Pise.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Sapeva che l&#8217;acqua <strong>bolle<\/strong> a 100 gradi.<\/em> (v\u00e9rit\u00e9 scientifique)<br><em>Il savait que l&#8217;eau bout \u00e0 100 degr\u00e9s.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mini-exercice-1\">11. Mini-exercice 1 : indicatif ou subjonctif ?<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-mini-ex-cdt-01\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<div class=\"gb-container\" style=\"background-color:#fffaf2\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-exercice :<\/strong> Choisissez la forme correcte du verbe entre parenth\u00e8ses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Penso che Niccol\u00f2 (venire : viene \/ venga) alla riunione.<\/li>\n<li>Speravo che Lorenzo (capire : capisce \/ capisse) le istruzioni.<\/li>\n<li>Sono felice che tu (trovare : hai trovato \/ abbia trovato) il documento.<\/li>\n<li>Vorrei che il vivaio (essere : \u00e8 aperto \/ fosse aperto) anche sabato.<\/li>\n<li>La scuola ha detto che il corso (iniziare : inizier\u00e0 \/ sarebbe iniziato) la settimana dopo.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><details><summary>\ud83d\udc49 Voir les r\u00e9ponses<\/summary>1. <strong>venga<\/strong> (pr\u00e9sent, cong. pr\u00e9sent) \u00b7 2. <strong>capisse<\/strong> (pass\u00e9, cong. imparf.) \u00b7 3. <strong>abbia trovato<\/strong> (pr\u00e9sent, cong. pass\u00e9, ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9) \u00b7 4. <strong>fosse aperto<\/strong> (conditionnel, cong. imparf.) \u00b7 5. <strong>sarebbe iniziato<\/strong> (pass\u00e9, cond. pass\u00e9, futur dans le pass\u00e9)<\/details><\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mini-exercice-2\">Mini-exercice 2 : futur dans le pass\u00e9<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-mini-ex-cdt-02\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<div class=\"gb-container\" style=\"background-color:#fffaf2\">\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-exercice :<\/strong> Compl\u00e9tez avec le bon temps (condizionale passato ou congiuntivo).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aveva promesso che (chiamare) domani. \u2192<\/li>\n<li>Mi ha detto che (venire) pi\u00f9 tardi. \u2192<\/li>\n<li>Pensavamo che (arrivare) prima di mezzogiorno. \u2192<\/li>\n<li>Ero sicuro che il progetto (essere approvato). \u2192<\/li>\n<li>Avevate promesso che (venire a trovarmi). \u2192<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><details><summary>\ud83d\udc49 Voir les r\u00e9ponses<\/summary>1. <strong>avrebbe chiamato<\/strong> (condizionale passato, futur dans le pass\u00e9) \u00b7 2. <strong>sarebbe venuto\/a<\/strong> (condizionale passato) \u00b7 3. <strong>fossero arrivati\/e<\/strong> (cong. trapassato) \u00b7 4. <strong>sarebbe stato approvato<\/strong> (condizionale passato) \u00b7 5. <strong>sareste venuti a trovarmi<\/strong> (condizionale passato)<\/details><\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-d\u00e9fi :<\/strong> R\u00e9\u00e9crivez cette phrase au pass\u00e9 en appliquant la concordanza dei tempi : <em>\u00abPenso che Silvia venga, che abbia gi\u00e0 trovato l&#8217;indirizzo e che porti i documenti.\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><details><summary>\ud83d\udc49 Voir la r\u00e9ponse<\/summary><em>Pensavo che Silvia venisse, che avesse gi\u00e0 trovato l&#8217;indirizzo e che portasse i documenti.<\/em><\/details><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"quiz\">Teste ta compr\u00e9hension<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e9rifiez votre ma\u00eetrise de la concordance des temps en italien avec ce quiz interactif. Chaque question porte sur un cas de concordance des temps italien vu dans ce guide.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-quiz-cdt-01\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<div class=\"gb-container\">\n\n        <div class=\"wpProQuiz_content\" id=\"wpProQuiz_36\">\n                    <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_time_limit\">\n            <div class=\"time\">Temps limite: <span>0<\/span><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_progress\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_checkPage\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <h4 class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">R&eacute;capitulatif du quiz<\/h4>\n\n            <p>\n                <span>0<\/span> of 2 questions completed            <\/p>\n\n            <p>Questions:<\/p>\n\n            <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_box\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                            <li>2<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n            \n            <input type=\"button\" name=\"endQuizSummary\" value=\"Terminer le quiz\"\n                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button\">\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_infopage\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <h4>Information<\/h4>\n\n            \n            <input type=\"button\" name=\"endInfopage\" value=\"Terminer le quiz\"\n                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button\">\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_text\">\n            <p>\n                <p style=\"text-align:center;\">&#8211;<\/p>\n            <\/p>\n\n            \n            <div>\n                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_button\" type=\"button\" value=\"Commencer le quiz\"\n                       name=\"startQuiz\">\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_lock\">\n            <p>\n                You have already completed the quiz before. Hence you can not start it again.            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_loadQuiz\">\n            <p>\n                Chargement du quiz...            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_startOnlyRegisteredUser\">\n            <p>\n                \n    <div class=\"dante-quiz-login-box\">\n        <h2 class=\"dante-quiz-login-badge has-text-align-center\">Quiz d&rsquo;italien gratuit<\/h2>\n        <br>\n        <h3 class=\"dante-quiz-login-title has-text-align-center\">&laquo;&nbsp;La concordance des temps en italien&nbsp;&raquo;<\/h3>\n        <p class=\"has-text-align-left\">\n            Inscrivez-vous gratuitement pour faire ce quiz et acc&eacute;der en avant-premi&egrave;re aux nouvelles le&ccedil;ons d&rsquo;italien.\n        <\/p>\n        <div class=\"dante-quiz-social-buttons\">\n                <div class=\"dante-login-form\">\n        <div class=\"dante-social-btns\">\n            <a href=\"\/fr\/wp-login.php?loginSocial=google&redirect=%2Ffr%2Fwp-json%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F197\" class=\"dante-social-btn\">\n                <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n                    <path fill=\"#4285f4\" d=\"M22.56 12.25c0-.78-.07-1.53-.2-2.25H12v4.26h5.92c-.26 1.37-1.04 2.53-2.21 3.31v2.77h3.57c2.08-1.92 3.28-4.74 3.28-8.09z\"\/>\n                    <path fill=\"#34a853\" d=\"M12 23c2.97 0 5.46-.98 7.28-2.66l-3.57-2.77c-.98.66-2.23 1.06-3.71 1.06-2.86 0-5.29-1.93-6.16-4.53H2.18v2.84C3.99 20.53 7.7 23 12 23z\"\/>\n                    <path fill=\"#fbbc05\" d=\"M5.84 14.09c-.22-.66-.35-1.36-.35-2.09s.13-1.43.35-2.09V7.07H2.18C1.43 8.55 1 10.22 1 12s.43 3.45 1.18 4.93l2.85-2.22.81-.62z\"\/>\n                    <path fill=\"#ea4335\" d=\"M12 5.38c1.62 0 3.06.56 4.21 1.64l3.15-3.15C17.45 2.09 14.97 1 12 1 7.7 1 3.99 3.47 2.18 7.07l3.66 2.84c.87-2.6 3.3-4.53 6.16-4.53z\"\/>\n                <\/svg>\n                Continuer avec Google            <\/a>\n            <a href=\"\/fr\/wp-login.php?loginSocial=facebook&redirect=%2Ffr%2Fwp-json%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F197\" class=\"dante-social-btn\">\n                <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n                    <path fill=\"#1877f2\" d=\"M24 12.073c0-6.627-5.373-12-12-12s-12 5.373-12 12c0 5.99 4.388 10.954 10.125 11.854v-8.385H7.078v-3.47h3.047V9.43c0-3.007 1.792-4.669 4.533-4.669 1.312 0 2.686.235 2.686.235v2.953H15.83c-1.491 0-1.956.925-1.956 1.874v2.25h3.328l-.532 3.47h-2.796v8.385C19.612 23.027 24 18.062 24 12.073z\"\/>\n                <\/svg>\n                Continuer avec Facebook            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n        \n        <div class=\"dante-divider\"><span>ou<\/span><\/div>\n        \n        <form class=\"dante-auth-form\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"nonce\" value=\"4f6541a9c4\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"redirect\" value=\"\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"show_register\" value=\"true\">\n            \n            <!-- HONEYPOT FIELD - Anti-Bot Protection -->\n            <div style=\"position: absolute; left: -9999px; top: -9999px; visibility: hidden;\">\n                <label for=\"website\">Website (leave blank)<\/label>\n                <input type=\"text\" name=\"website\" id=\"website\" value=\"\" autocomplete=\"off\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"dante-form-group\">\n                <label>Email<\/label>\n                <input name=\"email\" type=\"email\" placeholder=\"votre adresse e-mail\" required id=\"email\">\n                <div class=\"dante-message\" id=\"email-message\" style=\"display:none;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"dante-form-group\" id=\"name-field\" style=\"display:none;\">\n                <label>Nom complet<\/label>\n                <input name=\"name\" type=\"text\" placeholder=\"Votre nom complet\" id=\"name\">\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"dante-form-group\">\n                <label>Password<\/label>\n                <input name=\"password\" type=\"password\" placeholder=\"Entrez un mot de passe\" required id=\"password\">\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"dante-gdpr-section\" id=\"gdpr-field\" style=\"display:none;\">\n                <label class=\"dante-checkbox-label\">\n                    <input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"gdpr\" id=\"gdpr\">\n                    <span class=\"dante-checkmark\"><\/span>\n                    J'accepte les <a href=\"\/fr\/conditions-utilisation\/\" target=\"_blank\">Conditions<\/a> et <a href=\"\/fr\/politique-de-confidentialite\/\" target=\"_blank\">Politique de confidentialit\u00e9<\/a>                <\/label>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"dante-message\" id=\"form-message\" style=\"display:none;\"><\/div>\n            \n            <button type=\"submit\" class=\"dante-btn-primary\" id=\"submit-btn\">Continuer<\/button>\n        <\/form>\n    <\/div>\n    \n    <script>\n    jQuery(function($) {\n        let mode = 'login';\n        let timeout;\n        \n        const texts = {\n            continue: 'Continuer',\n            signIn: 'Se connecter',\n            createAccount: 'Cr\u00e9er un compte',\n            enterPassword: 'Entrez un mot de passe',\n            enterYourPassword: 'Entrez votre mot de passe',\n            choosePassword: 'Choisissez un mot de passe s\u00fbr',\n            emailPasswordRequired: 'L\\'e-mail et le mot de passe sont obligatoires',\n            nameRequired: 'Le nom complet est obligatoire',\n            acceptTerms: 'Veuillez accepter les Conditions et la Politique de confidentialit\u00e9',\n            processing: '\u23f3 Traitement en cours...',\n            success: 'Parfait ! Redirection en cours...'\n        };\n        \n        $('#email').on('input', function() {\n            const email = $(this).val();\n            const showReg = $('input[name=\"show_register\"]').val();\n            \n            clearTimeout(timeout);\n            \n            if (!email.includes('@')) {\n                resetForm();\n                return;\n            }\n            \n            timeout = setTimeout(() => {\n                $.post('https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php', {\n                    action: 'dante_check_email',\n                    email: email,\n                    nonce: $('input[name=\"nonce\"]').val()\n                }, function(r) {\n                    if (r.success) {\n                        if (r.data.exists) {\n                            setLoginMode();\n                        } else if (showReg === 'true') {\n                            setRegisterMode();\n                        } else {\n                          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           messageDiv.removeClass('dante-success dante-error').addClass('dante-' + type);\n            messageDiv.text(message).show();\n            setTimeout(() => messageDiv.hide(), 5000);\n        }\n        \n        $('.dante-auth-form').on('submit', function(e) {\n            e.preventDefault();\n            \n            const email = $('#email').val();\n            const password = $('#password').val();\n            const name = $('#name').val();\n            const gdpr = $('#gdpr').is(':checked');\n            const redirect = $('input[name=\"redirect\"]').val();\n            \n            if (!email || !password) {\n                showMessage(texts.emailPasswordRequired);\n                return;\n            }\n            \n            if (mode === 'register') {\n                if (!name) {\n                    showMessage(texts.nameRequired);\n                    return;\n                }\n                if (!gdpr) {\n                    showMessage(texts.acceptTerms);\n                    return;\n                }\n            }\n            \n            $('#submit-btn').prop('disabled', true).text(texts.processing);\n            $('#form-message').hide();\n            \n            $.post('https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php', {\n                action: 'dante_process_auth',\n                mode: mode,\n                email: email,\n                password: password,\n                name: name,\n                redirect: redirect,\n                website: $('#website').val(),\n                nonce: $('input[name=\"nonce\"]').val()\n            }, function(r) {\n                if (r.success) {\n                    showMessage(texts.success, 'success');\n                    setTimeout(() => window.location.href = r.data.redirect, 1000);\n                } else {\n                    showMessage(r.data);\n                    $('#submit-btn').prop('disabled', false).text(mode === 'login' ? texts.signIn : texts.createAccount);\n                }\n            });\n        });\n    });\n    <\/script>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n                <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_prerequisite\">\n            <p>\n                                <span><\/span>\n            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_results\">\n            <h4 class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Results<\/h4>\n                        <p class=\"wpProQuiz_time_limit_expired\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                Time has elapsed            <\/p>\n                            <p class=\"wpProQuiz_points\">\n                    Vous avez obtenu <span>0<\/span> points sur <span>0<\/span>, (<span>0<\/span>)                <\/p>\n                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_catOverview\" >\n                <h4>Cat&eacute;gories<\/h4>\n\n                <div style=\"margin-top: 10px;\">\n                    <ol>\n                                                    <li data-category_id=\"76\">\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catName\">Choix de phrases : la concordance<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catPercent\">0%<\/span>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li data-category_id=\"75\">\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catName\">Texte \u00e0 trous : la concordance des temps<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catPercent\">0%<\/span>\n                            <\/li>\n                                            <\/ol>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_resultsList\">\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#7b2d8b; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Il tuo risultato &middot; 0 &#8211; 40%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #e9d5ee, #7b2d8b); width:20%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Rinforziamo le basi su questo argomento.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Il nostro consiglio.<\/strong> Un <strong>Pacchetto da 10 Lezioni<\/strong> ti d&agrave; dieci sessioni di 55 minuti con un insegnante madrelingua, ai tuoi tempi.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Prossimo passo consigliato<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#7b2d8b; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Pacchetto 10 Lezioni<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">Individuale<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vacanze.webp\" alt=\"Pacchetto 10 Lezioni\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Qualsiasi livello<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Sessione individuale di 55 minuti su Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Insegnante madrelingua personale<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Materiali interattivi online<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Compiti dopo ogni lezione<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/nos-cours\/\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#7b2d8b; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Scopri il Pacchetto 10 Lezioni &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Coraggio: un passo alla volta.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#ab2227; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Il tuo risultato &middot; 41 &#8211; 65%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #fde2e2, #ab2227); width:53%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Ottima base. Costruiamoci sopra.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Il nostro consiglio.<\/strong> Una <strong>lezione settimanale 1:1<\/strong> ti d&agrave; il ritmo e il feedback personalizzato per trasformare ci&ograve; che sai in italiano che parli senza pensarci.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Prossimo passo consigliato<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#ab2227; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Lezione settimanale 1:1<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">Individuale<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vacanze.webp\" alt=\"Lezione settimanale 1:1\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Qualsiasi livello<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Sessione individuale di 55 minuti su Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Insegnante madrelingua personale<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Materiali interattivi online<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Compiti dopo ogni lezione<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/nos-cours\/\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#ab2227; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Prenota una lezione 1:1 settimanale &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Avanti tutta!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#b8860b; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Il tuo risultato &middot; 66 &#8211; 85%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #faecc4, #b8860b); width:75%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Ottimo lavoro. Sei pronto\/a per il gruppo.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Il nostro consiglio.<\/strong> <strong>Quattro Chiacchiere (B2-C1)<\/strong> ti porta nell&#8217;italiano vero, al ritmo dei madrelingua.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Prossimo passo consigliato<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#b8860b; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Quattro Chiacchiere<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">B2-C1<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/4-chiacchierebianco.webp\" alt=\"Quattro Chiacchiere\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">100% in italiano<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Piccoli gruppi, max 4 studenti<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Lezioni settimanali su Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Grammatica, lettura, vocabolario, ascolto<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/quattro-chiacchiere\/\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#b8860b; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Scopri Quattro Chiacchiere &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Ci vediamo in classe!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#2d6a4f; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Il tuo risultato &middot; 86 &#8211; 100%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #cce5d5, #2d6a4f); width:93%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Bravissimo! Ce l&#8217;hai fatta.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Il nostro consiglio.<\/strong> Sei pronto\/a per <strong>Quattro Chiacchiere (B2-C1)<\/strong>, 100% in italiano.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Prossimo passo consigliato<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#2d6a4f; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Quattro Chiacchiere<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">B2-C1<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/4-chiacchierebianco.webp\" alt=\"Quattro Chiacchiere\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">100% in italiano<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Piccoli gruppi, max 4 studenti<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Lezioni settimanali su Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Grammatica, lettura, vocabolario, ascolto<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/quattro-chiacchiere\/\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#2d6a4f; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Scopri Quattro Chiacchiere &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">A presto su Zoom!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div style=\"margin: 10px 0px;\">\n                                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewDiv\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewQuestion\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                            <li>2<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewLegend\">\n                <ol>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #6CA54C;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">R&eacute;pondue<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #FFB800;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Marqu&eacute;e<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"review\" value=\"Marquer la question\"\n                           class=\"wpProQuiz_button2\" style=\"float: left; display: block;\">\n                                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_quizAnker\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_quiz\">\n            <ol class=\"wpProQuiz_list\">\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>1<\/span> of <span>2<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>1<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h3 style=\"text-align:center;\">Texte &agrave; trous&nbsp;: la concordance des temps<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><em>Coniuga il verbo al tempo indicato tra parentesi.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Contesto.<\/strong> Ilaria e Stefano frequentano un corso di aggiornamento a Bologna.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"162\"\n                                data-type=\"cloze_answer\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                        <hr\/><ul><li>Ilaria pensava che il convegno di Bologna (finire - congiuntivo imperfetto) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"7\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(finisse)<\/span><\/span> prima delle sei.<\/li><li>Stefano dubitava che la commissione (leggere - congiuntivo trapassato) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"12\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(avesse letto)<\/span><\/span> la sua relazione.<\/li><li>Era ovvio che Ilaria (arrivare - congiuntivo trapassato) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"14\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(fosse arrivata)<\/span><\/span> in anticipo alla stazione.<\/li><li>Il direttore aveva annunciato che il corso (iniziare - condizionale passato) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"16\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(sarebbe iniziato)<\/span><\/span> il luned\u00ec seguente.<\/li><li>Non sapevo che Stefano (vendere - congiuntivo trapassato) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"14\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(avesse venduto)<\/span><\/span> l'appartamento vicino al mercato di Bologna.<\/li><li>Credevo che il treno per Bologna (partire - congiuntivo imperfetto) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"8\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(partisse)<\/span><\/span> dal binario tre.<\/li><li>Temevo che il concerto al teatro di Bologna (andare avanti - congiuntivo imperfetto) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"14\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(andasse avanti)<\/span><\/span> fino a mezzanotte.<\/li><li>Ilaria mi aveva assicurato che (venire - condizionale passato) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"14\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(sarebbe venuta)<\/span><\/span> prima di cena.<\/li><li>Stefano era sicuro che il progetto (essere approvato - condizionale passato) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"23\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(sarebbe stato approvato)<\/span><\/span> prima di giugno.<\/li><li>Era dispiaciuto che il museo di Venezia (chiudere - congiuntivo trapassato) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"13\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(avesse chiuso)<\/span><\/span> in anticipo.<\/li><\/ul><hr\/>                                    <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>10 su 10. La concordanza dei tempi non ha segreti per te.<\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p><strong>Regola:<\/strong> dopo un verbo principale al passato o al condizionale, la subordinata al congiuntivo prende sempre una forma passata.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin:0 0 10px 18px; padding:0;\">\n<li>Contemporaneit&agrave; \/ posteriorit&agrave; &rarr; <strong>congiuntivo imperfetto<\/strong> (pensava che <em>venisse<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>Anteriorit&agrave; &rarr; <strong>congiuntivo trapassato<\/strong> (era dispiaciuto che <em>avesse chiuso<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>Posteriorit&agrave; assoluta (futuro nel passato) &rarr; <strong>condizionale passato<\/strong> (ha detto che <em>sarebbe venuta<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Forme corrette:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin:0 0 0 18px; padding:0;\">\n<li><em>finisse<\/em> &bull; cong. imperfetto di <em>finire<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>avesse letto<\/em> &bull; cong. trapassato di <em>leggere<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>fosse arrivata<\/em> &bull; cong. trapassato di <em>arrivare<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>sarebbe iniziato<\/em> &bull; cond. passato di <em>iniziare<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>avesse venduto<\/em> &bull; cong. trapassato di <em>vendere<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>partisse<\/em> &bull; cong. imperfetto di <em>partire<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>andasse avanti<\/em> &bull; cong. imperfetto di <em>andare avanti<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>sarebbe venuta<\/em> &bull; cond. passato di <em>venire<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>sarebbe stato approvato<\/em> &bull; cond. passato passivo di <em>approvare<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>avesse chiuso<\/em> &bull; cong. trapassato di <em>chiudere<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Lessico:<\/strong> convegno = congr&egrave;s &middot; commissione = commission &middot; binario = voie (train) &middot; approvare = approuver &middot; dispiacere = regretter<\/p>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_tipp\" style=\"display: none; position: relative;\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <h5 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Indice<\/h5>\n                                    <p>Tre regole da ricordare: (1) principale al passato + simultaneit&agrave;\/posteriorit&agrave; &rarr; <strong>cong. imperfetto<\/strong>; (2) principale al passato + anteriorit&agrave; &rarr; <strong>cong. trapassato<\/strong>; (3) principale al passato + futuro nel passato &rarr; <strong>cond. passato<\/strong> (non il congiuntivo).<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Pr&eacute;c&eacute;dent\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"tip\" value=\"Indice\"\n                                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton wpProQuiz_TipButton\"\n                                   style=\"float: left !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px !important;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"V&eacute;rifier\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Suivant\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>2<\/span> of <span>2<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>2<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h3 style=\"text-align:center;\">Choix de phrases&nbsp;: la concordance<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><em>In ogni gruppo, seleziona la <strong>sola frase corretta<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Contesto.<\/strong> Federica e Marco commentano alcune frasi di un testo letterario veneziano.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"163\"\n                                data-type=\"multiple\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> Pensava che il medico capiva la diagnosi difficile.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> Pensava che il medico capisse la diagnosi difficile.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> Pensava che il medico avesse capito la diagnosi anni prima.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> Ha detto che passer\u00e0 dalla libreria prima di cena.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"4\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"5\"> Ha detto che passasse dalla libreria prima di cena.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"5\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"6\"> Ha detto che sarebbe passata dalla libreria prima di cena.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"6\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"7\"> Era felice che Federica avesse trovato un appartamento a Venezia.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"7\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"8\"> Era felice che Federica trovasse un appartamento a Venezia.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"8\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"9\"> Era felice che Federica trova un appartamento a Venezia.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"9\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"10\"> Sono sorpreso che Marco perde il treno di questa mattina.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"10\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"11\"> Sono sorpreso che Marco abbia perso il treno di questa mattina.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"11\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"12\"> Sono sorpreso che Marco perdesse il treno di questa mattina.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"12\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"13\"> Sperava che Federica pu&amp;ograve; venire alla cerimonia.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"13\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"14\"> Sperava che Federica potr&amp;agrave; venire alla cerimonia.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"14\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_36_163\"\n                                                       value=\"15\"> Sperava che Federica potesse venire alla cerimonia.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>5 su 5. La concordanza dei tempi &egrave; acquisita.<\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p><strong>Regola:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin:0 0 10px 18px; padding:0;\">\n<li>Principale passato + contemporaneit&agrave;\/posteriorit&agrave; relativa &rarr; <strong>cong. imperfetto<\/strong> (<em>capisse, potesse<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>Principale passato + anteriorit&agrave; &rarr; <strong>cong. trapassato<\/strong> (<em>avesse trovato<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>Principale passato + futuro nel passato &rarr; <strong>cond. passato<\/strong> (<em>sarebbe passata<\/em>), NON futuro semplice<\/li>\n<li>Principale presente + anteriorit&agrave; &rarr; <strong>cong. passato<\/strong> (<em>abbia perso<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Frasi corrette:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin:0 0 0 18px; padding:0;\">\n<li><em>Pensava che il medico capisse la diagnosi.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Ha detto che sarebbe passata dalla libreria prima di cena.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Era felice che Federica avesse trovato un appartamento a Venezia.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Sono sorpreso che Marco abbia perso il treno di questa mattina.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Sperava che Federica potesse venire alla cerimonia.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Lessico:<\/strong> diagnosi = diagnostic &middot; libreria = librairie &middot; cerimonia = c&eacute;r&eacute;monie &middot; sorpreso = surpris &middot; perdere = rater\/perdre<\/p>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_tipp\" style=\"display: none; position: relative;\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <h5 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Indice<\/h5>\n                                    <p>Errori tipici da evitare: (1) <em>capiva<\/em> invece di <em>capisse<\/em> (indicativo imperfetto nella subordinata dopo un passato &rarr; sbagliato in italiano formale); (2) <em>passerebbe<\/em> invece di <em>sarebbe passata<\/em> (per il futuro nel passato serve il condizionale passato, non presente).<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Pr&eacute;c&eacute;dent\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"tip\" value=\"Indice\"\n                                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton wpProQuiz_TipButton\"\n                                   style=\"float: left !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px !important;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"V&eacute;rifier\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Suivant\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                            <\/ol>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                <script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n            window.wpProQuizInitList = window.wpProQuizInitList || [];\n\n            window.wpProQuizInitList.push({\n                id: '#wpProQuiz_36',\n                init: {\n                    quizId: 36,\n                    mode: 2,\n                    globalPoints: 15,\n                    timelimit: 0,\n                    resultsGrade: [0,41,66,86],\n                    bo: 7560,\n                    qpp: 0,\n                    catPoints: {\"75\":10,\"76\":5},\n                    formPos: 0,\n                    lbn: \"Terminer le quiz\",\n                    json: {\"162\":{\"type\":\"cloze_answer\",\"id\":162,\"catId\":75,\"points\":[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],\"correct\":[[\"finisse\"],[\"avesse letto\"],[\"fosse arrivata\"],[\"sarebbe iniziato\"],[\"avesse venduto\"],[\"partisse\"],[\"andasse avanti\"],[\"sarebbe venuta\"],[\"sarebbe stato approvato\"],[\"avesse chiuso\"]]},\"163\":{\"type\":\"multiple\",\"id\":163,\"catId\":76,\"points\":[0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1],\"correct\":[0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1]}}                }\n            });\n        <\/script>\n        \n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"faq\">Questions fr\u00e9quentes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ces questions reviennent r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement chez les francophones qui apprennent l&#8217;italien. Elles portent sur les cas d\u00e9licats de la concordance des temps en italien : usage du subjonctif imparfait apr\u00e8s un pass\u00e9, futur dans le pass\u00e9, et diff\u00e9rences avec le fran\u00e7ais. Les r\u00e9ponses s&#8217;appuient sur les normes de la grammaire italienne contemporaine.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-cdt-01\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Apr\u00e8s \u00abpensavo che\u00bb, faut-il obligatoirement le subjonctif imparfait ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Oui, en registre soign\u00e9 et \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9crit, le subjonctif imparfait est obligatoire : Pensavo che Niccol\u00f2 venisse (et non veniva). Dans la langue parl\u00e9e famili\u00e8re, on entend parfois l&#8217;indicatif imparfait ou m\u00eame le subjonctif pr\u00e9sent, mais ces formes restent incorrectes \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9crit. La r\u00e8gle est claire : pass\u00e9 dans la principale, subjonctif imparfait ou trapassato dans la subordonn\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-cdt-02\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Pourquoi \u00abha detto che sarebbe venuto\u00bb et non \u00abavrebbe venuto\u00bb ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Le condizionale passato du verbe venire se forme avec l&#8217;auxiliaire essere : sarebbe venuto (et non avrebbe venuto). C&#8217;est la m\u00eame r\u00e8gle que pour le passato prossimo : essere + participio passato pour les verbes de mouvement et d&#8217;\u00e9tat. Avrebbe venuto est une erreur fr\u00e9quente. Avec avere : avrebbe detto, avrebbe fatto, avrebbe portato.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-cdt-03\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">En fran\u00e7ais je dis \u00abil viendrait\u00bb, en italien je dois dire \u00absarebbe venuto\u00bb : pourquoi ce d\u00e9calage ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>C&#8217;est la diff\u00e9rence du futur dans le pass\u00e9. En fran\u00e7ais, le conditionnel pr\u00e9sent (il viendrait) suffit pour exprimer un futur vu depuis le pass\u00e9. En italien, cette valeur est port\u00e9e par le condizionale passato (sarebbe venuto). La r\u00e8gle est absolue \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9crit : ha detto che verrebbe est incorrect pour exprimer le futur dans le pass\u00e9 ; ha detto che sarebbe venuto est la seule forme correcte.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-cdt-04\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Peut-on utiliser le subjonctif pr\u00e9sent apr\u00e8s \u00abho sempre pensato che\u00bb ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Oui, dans ce cas pr\u00e9cis. Si le passato prossimo est utilis\u00e9 avec une valeur pr\u00e9sente (v\u00e9rit\u00e9 encore valable maintenant), le subjonctif pr\u00e9sent est possible : Ho sempre pensato che il mondo si divida in due. La cl\u00e9 est de distinguer le passato prossimo \u00e0 valeur pr\u00e9sente du passato prossimo \u00e0 valeur pass\u00e9e (action termin\u00e9e). Dans le second cas, le subjonctif imparfait ou trapassato s&#8217;impose.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-cdt-05\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Comment distinguer congiuntivo imperfetto et congiuntivo trapassato dans la subordonn\u00e9e ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>La distinction repose sur le rapport temporel avec la principale. Si l&#8217;action de la subordonn\u00e9e est simultan\u00e9e ou post\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle de la principale pass\u00e9e, on utilise le congiuntivo imperfetto : Pensavo che venisse (simultan\u00e9). Si l&#8217;action est ant\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la principale pass\u00e9e, on utilise le congiuntivo trapassato : Era dispiaciuto che fosse gi\u00e0 partita (ant\u00e9rieur). R\u00e8gle r\u00e9sum\u00e9e : simultan\u00e9it\u00e9 et post\u00e9riorit\u00e9 donnent l&#8217;imperfetto ; ant\u00e9riorit\u00e9 donne le trapassato.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-cdt-06\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">La concordanza dei tempi s&#8217;applique-t-elle au discours indirect ?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Oui, et de fa\u00e7on syst\u00e9matique. Quand le verbe introducteur du discours indirect est au pass\u00e9, les temps se transforment ainsi : le pr\u00e9sent devient imparfait, le pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 devient plus-que-parfait, et le futur devient condizionale passato. Disse: Parto devient Disse che partiva ; Disse: Partir\u00f2 devient Disse che sarebbe partito. C&#8217;est une r\u00e8gle analogue \u00e0 celle du fran\u00e7ais, avec la particularit\u00e9 italienne du condizionale passato pour le futur.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"related\">Guides associ\u00e9s<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/subjonctif-imparfait-italien\/\" rel=\"dofollow\">Le subjonctif imparfait italien (congiuntivo imperfetto)<\/a> : ma\u00eetriser la forme et les emplois du congiuntivo imperfetto, indispensable pour la concordance des temps en italien apr\u00e8s un verbe pass\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/periodo-ipotetico-hypothese-italien\/\" rel=\"dofollow\">Le periodo ipotetico : les phrases en \u00abse\u00bb<\/a> : la concordance des temps appliqu\u00e9e aux hypoth\u00e8ses r\u00e9elles, irr\u00e9elles et impossibles.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/conditionnel-italien\/\" rel=\"dofollow\">Le conditionnel italien : formation et emplois<\/a> : formation du condizionale presente et passato, cl\u00e9 du futur dans le pass\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour aller plus loin sur la norme de la concordanza dei tempi en italien contemporain, voir l&#8217;article de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence sur <a href=\"https:\/\/www.treccani.it\/enciclopedia\/consecutio-temporum\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">la consecutio temporum sur Treccani<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83d\udd0d En bref. La concordance des temps italien r\u00e9git le choix du temps dans la proposition subordonn\u00e9e en fonction du temps de la principale. Vous connaissez d\u00e9j\u00e0 le m\u00e9canisme en fran\u00e7ais : il fonctionne de fa\u00e7on similaire en italien, mais avec deux diff\u00e9rences cruciales. D&#8217;abord, la concordance des temps en italien est plus stricte : &#8230; <a title=\"La concordance des temps en italien\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/concordance-des-temps-italien\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about La concordance des temps en italien\">Read more \u226b<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-197","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-b2","category-non-classe","no-featured-image-padding","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=197"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":383,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197\/revisions\/383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=197"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=197"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=197"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}