{"id":60587,"date":"2026-05-29T05:30:08","date_gmt":"2026-05-28T20:30:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/?p=60587"},"modified":"2026-06-01T07:41:46","modified_gmt":"2026-05-31T22:41:46","slug":"italian-skip-possessive-article-only","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-skip-possessive-article-only\/","title":{"rendered":"Italian Ho Perso L&#8217;Orologio: When to Skip &#8216;My&#8217; (A2)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong>In short.<\/strong> <strong>Italian skip possessive<\/strong> all the time. Where English says &#8220;I lost my watch&#8221;, Italian usually says <em>ho perso l&#8217;orologio<\/em>. Where English needs &#8220;wash your hands&#8221;, Italian goes with <em>lavati le mani<\/em>. The possessive (<em>mio, tuo, suo<\/em>) drops out whenever the owner is obvious from context, and a plain definite article steps in. This applies massively to body parts (<em>mi fa male la testa<\/em>), clothes (<em>metti la giacca<\/em>), personal objects (<em>ho perso le chiavi<\/em>), and even close family in some structures (<em>pap\u00e0 ha chiamato<\/em>). Add the possessive only when ownership is not obvious or when you want to insist on it. Get this article-only habit right and your Italian sounds dramatically more natural.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Italian skip possessive instinct trips up almost every English speaker because we pile up &#8220;my, your, his, her&#8221; automatically. Italian sees that pile-up as clunky. This guide walks through where to drop the possessive, where to keep it, and the short list of cases where you really must say <em>mio<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-toc-skip\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-toc-h-skip gb-headline-text\" style=\"text-align:center;font-size:24px\">Cosa impareremo oggi<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc46\ud83c\udffb Jump to section<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#one-liner\">The one-liner rule: drop the possessive when it&#8217;s obvious<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#body-parts\">Body parts: mi fa male la testa<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#clothes\">Clothes: metti la giacca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#personal-objects\">Personal objects: ho perso l&#8217;orologio<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#family\">Close family: mio padre vs pap\u00e0<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#reflexive\">The reflexive trick: lavati le mani<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#when-keep\">When you must keep mio, tuo, suo<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#cheat-sheet\">Cheat sheet: English-Italian comparison<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#dialogue\">Dialogue: a morning in Catania<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#mini-challenge\">Mini-challenge<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#related\">Related guides<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#quiz\">Quiz<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"one-liner\">The one-liner rule: drop the possessive when it&#8217;s obvious<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Italian skip possessive rule fits in a single line. If the owner is clear from context, drop <em>mio, tuo, suo, nostro, vostro, loro<\/em> and use the definite article alone. <em>Ho perso l&#8217;orologio<\/em> means &#8220;I lost my watch&#8221;, not &#8220;I lost the watch&#8221; in some neutral sense, because the speaker is the obvious owner. <em>Tommaso, dove hai messo le chiavi?<\/em> means &#8220;Tommaso, where did you put your keys?&#8221; because Tommaso is being addressed and the keys are his. Italian only adds <em>mio<\/em> when ownership needs spelling out, or when there is a contrast: <em>questa \u00e8 la mia macchina, non la tua<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">English does the opposite. We attach a possessive to almost every noun that belongs to someone. &#8220;Wash your hands&#8221;, &#8220;put on your coat&#8221;, &#8220;I hurt my back&#8221;, &#8220;she called her mother&#8221;. Italian finds that habit redundant. If a verb already tells you who is acting (through the conjugation or a reflexive), the possessive becomes baggage and gets dropped.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ho perso l&#8217;orologio.<br><em>I lost my watch.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Tommaso, prendi le chiavi e usciamo.<br><em>Tommaso, grab your keys and let&#8217;s go.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Giulia ha alzato la mano per chiedere il conto.<br><em>Giulia raised her hand to ask for the bill.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Apri la bocca e di&#8217; &#8220;ah&#8221;.<br><em>Open your mouth and say &#8220;ah&#8221;.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Stamattina pap\u00e0 ha preparato il caff\u00e8.<br><em>This morning my dad made the coffee.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"body-parts\">Body parts: mi fa male la testa<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Body parts are the clearest case. Italian almost never says <em>la mia testa, il mio braccio, le mie mani<\/em> in normal conversation. The possessive sounds clinical and unnatural. Instead the language uses the article alone, and usually marks the owner with a small indirect pronoun (<em>mi, ti, gli, le, ci, vi<\/em>) attached to the verb. <em>Mi fa male la testa<\/em> literally reads &#8220;the head hurts to me&#8221;, which sounds odd word-for-word in English but is the standard way to say &#8220;my head hurts&#8221; in Italian.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mi fa male la testa da stamattina.<br><em>My head has been hurting since this morning.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ti brucia ancora la gola?<br><em>Does your throat still burn?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Tommaso si \u00e8 rotto il braccio giocando a calcio.<br><em>Tommaso broke his arm playing football.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>A Giulia bruciano gli occhi per il sole.<br><em>Giulia&#8217;s eyes are burning from the sun.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Apri la bocca, per favore, dice la dottoressa.<br><em>Open your mouth, please, says the doctor.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Si \u00e8 tagliato il dito mentre tagliava il pane.<br><em>He cut his finger while slicing the bread.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The same trick covers describing what a body part looks like with the verb <em>avere<\/em>: <em>Giulia ha gli occhi verdi<\/em> means &#8220;Giulia has green eyes&#8221;, not &#8220;Giulia has the green eyes&#8221;. The article looks strange to an English ear, but it is the natural article-only frame Italian uses for inherent features.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tommaso ha i capelli ricci.<br><em>Tommaso has curly hair.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Giulia ha la pelle chiara e gli occhi castani.<br><em>Giulia has fair skin and brown eyes.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mio nonno aveva le mani grandi e callose.<br><em>My grandfather had big, calloused hands.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-task-skip-1\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-challenge:<\/strong> Translate into natural Italian, using article only (no <em>mio\/tuo<\/em>).<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>My back hurts.<\/li>\n<li>Wash your hands before dinner!<\/li>\n<li>She closed her eyes.<\/li>\n<li>Giulia has long hair.<\/li>\n<li>I broke my finger.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>\ud83d\udc49 See answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1. <strong>Mi fa male la schiena.<\/strong> (not &#8220;la mia schiena mi fa male&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p>2. <strong>Lavati le mani prima di cena!<\/strong> (reflexive + article, not &#8220;le tue mani&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p>3. <strong>Ha chiuso gli occhi.<\/strong> (not &#8220;i suoi occhi&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p>4. <strong>Giulia ha i capelli lunghi.<\/strong> (avere + article + adjective)<\/p>\n<p>5. <strong>Mi sono rotto\/a il dito.<\/strong> (reflexive marks the owner)<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"clothes\">Clothes: metti la giacca<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Clothes follow the same logic. When you tell someone to put on their coat or scarf, Italian uses the article: <em>metti la giacca, metti il cappotto, metti la sciarpa<\/em>. The owner is obvious (it is the person you are speaking to). Saying <em>metti la tua giacca<\/em> would feel unnatural, almost as if you were highlighting the ownership for a reason (maybe two coats are on the chair and you want this one, not the other).<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tommaso, metti la giacca, fuori fa freddo!<br><em>Tommaso, put on your jacket, it&#8217;s cold outside!<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Giulia si toglie le scarpe appena entra in casa.<br><em>Giulia takes off her shoes as soon as she comes in.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Prendi l&#8217;ombrello, sta per piovere.<br><em>Take your umbrella, it&#8217;s about to rain.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Tommaso porta sempre lo zaino sulle spalle.<br><em>Tommaso always carries his backpack on his shoulders.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Lei teneva il giornale sotto la giacca.<br><em>She kept her paper under her jacket.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Notice how the reflexive verbs <em>mettersi<\/em> and <em>togliersi<\/em> (&#8220;to put on&#8221;, &#8220;to take off&#8221;) make the owner crystal clear without any need for the possessive. <em>Si toglie le scarpe<\/em> already tells you whose shoes they are. Adding <em>le sue scarpe<\/em> would be repetition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"personal-objects\">Personal objects: ho perso l&#8217;orologio<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Watch, keys, phone, wallet, glasses, umbrella, bag, passport: all the personal objects you carry around behave like clothes. If context tells you who owns them, Italian skip possessive and uses the article. The classic example is the title of this guide: <em>ho perso l&#8217;orologio<\/em>, &#8220;I lost my watch&#8221;. Nobody else&#8217;s watch was in question. The first person of the verb makes ownership obvious.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ho perso l&#8217;orologio ieri al mercato di Catania.<br><em>I lost my watch yesterday at the market in Catania.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Dove hai messo le chiavi? Non le trovo da nessuna parte.<br><em>Where did you put your keys? I can&#8217;t find them anywhere.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Giulia tiene il telefono in tasca, non lo sente mai.<br><em>Giulia keeps her phone in her pocket, she never hears it.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Non viaggio mai senza il passaporto.<br><em>I never travel without my passport.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Tommaso, prendi il cappello e usciamo.<br><em>Tommaso, grab your hat and let&#8217;s go.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ho dimenticato la borsa in macchina.<br><em>I forgot my bag in the car.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The same applies to &#8220;the car&#8221;, &#8220;the house&#8221;, &#8220;the office&#8221;, and similar items closely tied to a person. <em>Non mi ricordo dove ho parcheggiato la macchina<\/em> is &#8220;I can&#8217;t remember where I parked my car&#8221;. Add <em>la mia macchina<\/em> only if you need to distinguish your car from someone else&#8217;s: <em>la mia macchina \u00e8 blu, la tua \u00e8 rossa<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"family\">Close family: mio padre vs pap\u00e0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Family is a special chapter. With singular close-family nouns (<em>padre, madre, fratello, sorella, zio, zia, nonno, nonna, figlio, figlia, marito, moglie, cugino, cugina<\/em>), the rule flips: you keep the possessive but drop the article. So <em>mio padre, mia sorella, tuo fratello, sua nonna<\/em>. Not <em>il mio padre, la mia sorella<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mio padre mi ha chiamato due volte oggi.<br><em>My father called me twice today.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Domani vediamo mia zia che vive a Catania.<br><em>Tomorrow we&#8217;re seeing my aunt who lives in Catania.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Sua sorella lavora in farmacia.<br><em>His\/her sister works at a pharmacy.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Tuo nonno \u00e8 molto simpatico.<br><em>Your grandfather is very nice.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">But the article comes back in three situations. First, with plural family (<em>i miei fratelli, le mie sorelle<\/em>). Second, with affectionate forms or diminutives (<em>il mio fratellino, la mia sorellina, il mio paparino<\/em>). Third, with <em>loro<\/em>, which always takes the article (<em>il loro padre, la loro madre<\/em>). And the words <em>mamma<\/em> and <em>pap\u00e0<\/em> sit in a separate slot: most regions just say <em>mamma, pap\u00e0<\/em> with no article and no possessive at all when context is clear.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Stamattina pap\u00e0 ha preparato il caff\u00e8.<br><em>This morning my dad made the coffee.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mamma \u00e8 uscita a fare la spesa.<br><em>Mum has gone out to do the shopping.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>I miei fratelli vivono a Palermo.<br><em>My brothers live in Palermo.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Il loro figlio frequenta il liceo.<br><em>Their son is in high school.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Il mio fratellino ha sei anni.<br><em>My little brother is six.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"reflexive\">The reflexive trick: lavati le mani<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the cleanest ways Italian skip possessive is the reflexive construction. When the action involves a part of you, your clothes, or something you carry, Italian uses a self-pointing word (<em>mi, ti, si, ci, vi<\/em>) plus the article. The reflexive already tells you the action involves the subject&#8217;s own body or belongings, so there is no need for <em>mio<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lavati i denti prima di uscire, Tommaso.<br><em>Brush your teeth before going out, Tommaso.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mi metto le mani in tasca quando fa freddo.<br><em>I put my hands in my pockets when it&#8217;s cold.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Giulia si \u00e8 tagliata i capelli ieri.<br><em>Giulia cut her hair yesterday.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ci siamo messi le scarpe da ginnastica per correre.<br><em>We put on our running shoes to go jogging.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Tommaso si \u00e8 dimenticato il cappotto a scuola.<br><em>Tommaso forgot his coat at school.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Compare side by side:<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Wrong: <em>Lavo le mie mani.<\/em> Right: <em>Mi lavo le mani.<\/em><br><em>I wash my hands.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Wrong: <em>Metto la mia giacca.<\/em> Right: <em>Mi metto la giacca.<\/em><br><em>I put on my jacket.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Wrong: <em>Pulisce i suoi denti.<\/em> Right: <em>Si lava i denti.<\/em><br><em>He brushes his teeth.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-task-skip-2\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-challenge:<\/strong> Each sentence has a wrong possessive. Fix it.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tommaso, metti la tua giacca, fa freddo.<\/li>\n<li>Lavo le mie mani prima di mangiare.<\/li>\n<li>Ho perso il mio orologio al mercato.<\/li>\n<li>Mi fa male la mia testa.<\/li>\n<li>Apri la tua bocca, dice il dentista.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>\ud83d\udc49 See answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1. Tommaso, metti <strong>la giacca<\/strong>, fa freddo.<\/p>\n<p>2. <strong>Mi lavo le mani<\/strong> prima di mangiare. (reflexive + article)<\/p>\n<p>3. Ho perso <strong>l&#8217;orologio<\/strong> al mercato.<\/p>\n<p>4. <strong>Mi fa male la testa.<\/strong> (mi marks the owner)<\/p>\n<p>5. Apri <strong>la bocca<\/strong>, dice il dentista.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"when-keep\">When you must keep mio, tuo, suo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Italian skip possessive habit has limits. There are three situations where you should keep the possessive: contrast, emphasis, and unclear ownership.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contrast between owners<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When you are pointing out that something belongs to one person and not another, the possessive comes back to make the contrast clear. <em>Questa \u00e8 la mia macchina, non la tua<\/em> means &#8220;this is my car, not yours&#8221;. Without <em>mia<\/em> and <em>tua<\/em>, the sentence loses its point.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Questa \u00e8 la mia bici, la tua \u00e8 quella verde.<br><em>This is my bike, yours is the green one.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ho preso il tuo telefono per sbaglio, non il mio.<br><em>I grabbed your phone by mistake, not mine.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Emphasis on ownership<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When you want to insist on ownership for emotional or rhetorical reasons, the possessive returns. <em>Casa mia<\/em> (&#8220;my home&#8221;) with the possessive after the noun has a warm, personal flavour. <em>\u00c8 un mio amico<\/em> (&#8220;he&#8217;s a friend of mine&#8221;) points to a personal connection.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Andatevene da qui, questa \u00e8 casa mia!<br><em>Get out of here, this is my home!<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Tommaso \u00e8 un mio caro amico da quindici anni.<br><em>Tommaso is a dear friend of mine for fifteen years.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When ownership is genuinely unclear<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If context does not tell the listener who owns the object, you must say it. <em>Ho trovato un orologio<\/em> means &#8220;I found a watch&#8221; (some watch, unclear). <em>Ho trovato il mio orologio<\/em> means &#8220;I found my watch&#8221; (the one I had lost). The possessive carries real information.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hai visto la mia borsa? L&#8217;avevo lasciata qui.<br><em>Have you seen my bag? I&#8217;d left it here.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Il loro figlio non ha ancora finito il liceo.<br><em>Their son hasn&#8217;t finished high school yet.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cheat-sheet\">Cheat sheet: English-Italian comparison table<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Keep this table next to you when you write or speak. Every row shows an English sentence that uses &#8220;my\/your\/his\/her&#8221; and the natural Italian sentence with article only.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead><tr><th>English with possessive<\/th><th>Natural Italian with article only<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>I lost my watch.<\/td><td>Ho perso l&#8217;orologio.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>My head hurts.<\/td><td>Mi fa male la testa.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Put on your jacket.<\/td><td>Metti la giacca.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Wash your hands.<\/td><td>Lavati le mani.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>She closed her eyes.<\/td><td>Ha chiuso gli occhi.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>He cut his finger.<\/td><td>Si \u00e8 tagliato il dito.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>I forgot my bag.<\/td><td>Ho dimenticato la borsa.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Take your umbrella.<\/td><td>Prendi l&#8217;ombrello.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>I parked my car here.<\/td><td>Ho parcheggiato la macchina qui.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Giulia has green eyes.<\/td><td>Giulia ha gli occhi verdi.<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"dialogue\">Dialogue: a morning in Catania<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Giulia and her son Tommaso are getting ready in the morning in their flat in Catania. Watch how often they use the article alone where English would automatically slip in &#8220;my&#8221; or &#8220;your&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-dialog-skip\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc71\ud83c\udffc\u200d\u2640\ufe0f <strong>Giulia:<\/strong> Tommaso, sveglia! Sono gi\u00e0 le sette e mezza. Lavati i denti e metti la divisa.<br><em>Tommaso, wake up! It&#8217;s already seven thirty. Brush your teeth and put on your uniform.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Tommaso:<\/strong> Mamma, mi fa male la testa. Posso restare a casa?<br><em>Mum, my head hurts. Can I stay home?<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc71\ud83c\udffc\u200d\u2640\ufe0f <strong>Giulia:<\/strong> Apri la bocca, fammi vedere la gola. Hai anche la febbre?<br><em>Open your mouth, let me see your throat. Do you have a fever too?<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Tommaso:<\/strong> Non lo so, ho solo sonno. Dove ho messo lo zaino ieri sera?<br><em>I don&#8217;t know, I&#8217;m just sleepy. Where did I put my backpack last night?<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc71\ud83c\udffc\u200d\u2640\ufe0f <strong>Giulia:<\/strong> Sul divano, come sempre. E le scarpe sotto al tavolo. Le ho gi\u00e0 viste io.<br><em>On the sofa, as always. And your shoes under the table. I already saw them.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Tommaso:<\/strong> Mamma, hai visto l&#8217;orologio di nonno? Volevo metterlo oggi.<br><em>Mum, have you seen Grandpa&#8217;s watch? I wanted to wear it today.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc71\ud83c\udffc\u200d\u2640\ufe0f <strong>Giulia:<\/strong> Quello \u00e8 il mio, non il tuo. Te lo presto se prometti di stare attento.<br><em>That one is mine, not yours. I&#8217;ll lend it to you if you promise to be careful.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Tommaso:<\/strong> Promesso. Allora prendo le chiavi e vado.<br><em>I promise. Then I&#8217;ll grab the keys and go.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc71\ud83c\udffc\u200d\u2640\ufe0f <strong>Giulia:<\/strong> Metti il cappotto, fuori piove. E prendi anche l&#8217;ombrello, \u00e8 in corridoio.<br><em>Put on your coat, it&#8217;s raining outside. And take the umbrella too, it&#8217;s in the hallway.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Tommaso:<\/strong> Va bene, mamma. A dopo. Ah, pap\u00e0 ha chiamato due volte stamattina.<br><em>Okay, mum. See you later. Oh, dad called twice this morning.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc71\ud83c\udffc\u200d\u2640\ufe0f <strong>Giulia:<\/strong> Lo richiamo dopo il lavoro. Ora corri, perderai l&#8217;autobus!<br><em>I&#8217;ll call him back after work. Now run, you&#8217;ll miss the bus!<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What to notice in the dialogue<\/h3>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Lavati i denti, metti la divisa, metti il cappotto, prendi l&#8217;ombrello<\/strong>: article only with clothes and personal objects, owner clear from <em>tu<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mi fa male la testa, apri la bocca, fammi vedere la gola<\/strong>: body parts with article only. The indirect pronoun <em>mi<\/em> or the imperative makes the owner obvious.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lo zaino, le scarpe, le chiavi<\/strong>: personal objects with article only.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Quello \u00e8 il mio, non il tuo<\/strong>: possessive returns for contrast.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pap\u00e0 ha chiamato<\/strong>: <em>pap\u00e0<\/em> with no article, no possessive. Standard outside Tuscany.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hai visto l&#8217;orologio di nonno?<\/strong>: ownership specified by <em>di + noun<\/em>, no possessive needed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mini-challenge\">Mini-challenge<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-task-skip-final\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Final challenge:<\/strong> Translate into natural Italian. Decide for each one whether to drop the possessive or keep it.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I forgot my umbrella at the office.<\/li>\n<li>This is my bag, not yours.<\/li>\n<li>Tommaso, comb your hair before we leave.<\/li>\n<li>My sister works in Palermo.<\/li>\n<li>Their parents live in Catania.<\/li>\n<li>Open your eyes!<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>\ud83d\udc49 See answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1. <em>Ho dimenticato l&#8217;ombrello in ufficio.<\/em> (personal object, owner clear)<\/p>\n<p>2. <em>Questa \u00e8 la mia borsa, non la tua.<\/em> (contrast forces possessive)<\/p>\n<p>3. <em>Tommaso, pettinati i capelli prima di uscire.<\/em> (reflexive + article)<\/p>\n<p>4. <em>Mia sorella lavora a Palermo.<\/em> (singular close family: possessive, no article)<\/p>\n<p>5. <em>I loro genitori vivono a Catania.<\/em> (loro always with article; plural family)<\/p>\n<p>6. <em>Apri gli occhi!<\/em> (body parts, owner from imperative)<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Practising the Italian skip possessive habit takes a few weeks of conscious effort. Each time you are about to say <em>mio, tuo, suo<\/em>, pause and ask whether the owner is already obvious. Nine times out of ten you can drop it. After a while the article-only frame becomes automatic, and your spoken Italian sounds dramatically more native. 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Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> A <strong>10-Lesson Package<\/strong> gives you ten focused 55-minute sessions with a native teacher, at your own pace.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#7b2d8b; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">10-Lesson Package<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">One-to-one<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vacanze.webp\" alt=\"10-Lesson Package\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Any level<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">55-minute one-to-one session on Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Your personal native teacher<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Interactive online materials<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=8\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#7b2d8b; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Get the 10-Lesson Package &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Coraggio: un passo alla volta.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#ab2227; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 41 to 65%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #fde2e2, #ab2227); width:53%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Solid base. Let&#8217;s build on it.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> A <strong>weekly 1:1 lesson<\/strong> gives you the rhythm and the personalised feedback to turn what you know into what you say automatically.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#ab2227; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Weekly 1:1<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">One-to-one<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vacanze.webp\" alt=\"Weekly 1:1\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Any level<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">55-minute one-to-one session on Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Your personal native teacher<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Interactive online materials<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=4\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#ab2227; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Book a Weekly 1:1 lesson &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Avanti tutta!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#b8860b; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 66 to 85%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #faecc4, #b8860b); width:75%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Great work. You&#8217;re ready for the group.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> In the <strong>Milano small-group course (A2-B1)<\/strong> you&#8217;ll move from solid grammar to live conversation.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#b8860b; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Milano group<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">A2-B1<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/milano-no-sfondo.webp\" alt=\"Milano group\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Small groups, max 4 students<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Weekly live Zoom sessions<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Grammar, vocabulary, listening, writing<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=7\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#b8860b; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Join the Milano group &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Ci vediamo in classe!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#2d6a4f; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 86 to 100%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #cce5d5, #2d6a4f); width:93%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Bravissimo! You nailed it.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> Step into the <strong>Milano small-group course (A2-B1)<\/strong> to turn accurate Italian into fluent Italian.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#2d6a4f; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Milano group<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">A2-B1<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/milano-no-sfondo.webp\" alt=\"Milano group\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Small groups, max 4 students<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Weekly live Zoom sessions<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Grammar, vocabulary, listening, writing<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=7\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#2d6a4f; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Join the Milano group &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">A presto su Zoom!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div style=\"margin: 10px 0px;\">\n                                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewDiv\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewQuestion\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                            <li>2<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewLegend\">\n                <ol>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #6CA54C;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Answered<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #FFB800;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Review<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"review\" value=\"Review question\"\n                           class=\"wpProQuiz_button2\" style=\"float: left; display: block;\">\n                                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_quizAnker\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_quiz\">\n            <ol class=\"wpProQuiz_list\">\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>1<\/span> of <span>2<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>1<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h3 style=\"text-align:center;\">Pick the natural form<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><em>With reflexive verbs and the body, Italian drops the possessive and uses the article: mi lavo le mani.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"7071\"\n                                data-type=\"cloze_answer\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                        <ul><li>Prima di cena mi lavo sempre (le mie mani, le mani, mani) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"7\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(le mani)<\/span><\/span> .<br><br><em>Before dinner I always wash my hands.<\/em><\/li><li>Ogni mattina mi lavo (i denti, i miei denti, denti) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"7\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(i denti)<\/span><\/span> dopo colazione.<br><br><em>Every morning I brush my teeth after breakfast.<\/em><\/li><li>Sciando, Marco si \u00e8 rotto (la sua gamba, gamba, la gamba) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"8\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(la gamba)<\/span><\/span> in due punti.<br><br><em>Skiing, Marco broke his leg in two places.<\/em><\/li><li>Da ieri mi fa male (la testa, la mia testa, testa) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"8\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(la testa)<\/span><\/span> per il rumore.<br><br><em>Since yesterday my head hurts from the noise.<\/em><\/li><li>La sera mi pettino (i miei capelli, i capelli, capelli) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"9\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(i capelli)<\/span><\/span> davanti allo specchio.<br><br><em>In the evening I comb my hair in front of the mirror.<\/em><\/li><li>Appena entra, si toglie (le sue scarpe, scarpe, le scarpe) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"9\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(le scarpe)<\/span><\/span> e si rilassa.<br><br><em>As soon as he comes in, he takes off his shoes and relaxes.<\/em><\/li><li>Attento al coltello! Ti sei tagliato (il tuo dito, il dito, dito) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"7\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(il dito)<\/span><\/span> ?<br><br><em>Careful with the knife! Did you cut your finger?<\/em><\/li><li>Al mattino apro (i miei occhi, occhi, gli occhi) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"9\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(gli occhi)<\/span><\/span> e resto un po' a letto.<br><br><em>In the morning I open my eyes and stay in bed a while.<\/em><\/li><li>Giocando a calcio mi sono fatto male (al ginocchio, al mio ginocchio, a ginocchio) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"12\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(al ginocchio)<\/span><\/span> .<br><br><em>Playing football I hurt my knee.<\/em><\/li><li>Alza (la tua mano, la mano, mano) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"7\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(la mano)<\/span><\/span> se hai una domanda.<br><br><em>Raise your hand if you have a question.<\/em><\/li><\/ul>                                    <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>All ten right. You drop &#8216;my&#8217; where Italian does.<\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>mi lavo le mani (not &#8216;le mie mani&#8217;), si \u00e8 rotto la gamba, mi fa male la testa: the reflexive marks the owner, so the possessive disappears.<\/p>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_tipp\" style=\"display: none; position: relative;\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <h5 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Hint<\/h5>\n                                    <p>The reflexive (mi, si, ti) already shows the owner, so use the article: mi lavo le mani, si mette le scarpe, mi fa male la testa.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"tip\" value=\"Hint\"\n                                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton wpProQuiz_TipButton\"\n                                   style=\"float: left !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px !important;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>2<\/span> of <span>2<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>2<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h3 style=\"text-align:center;\">Spot the correct sentence<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><em>In each group, pick the ONE correct sentence.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"7072\"\n                                data-type=\"multiple\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> Mi lavo le mie mani prima di mangiare.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> Mi lavo mani prima di mangiare.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> Mi lavo le mani prima di mangiare.<hr \/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> Si \u00e8 rotto il braccio in palestra.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"4\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"5\"> Si \u00e8 rotto il suo braccio in palestra.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"5\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"6\"> Si \u00e8 rotto braccio in palestra.<hr \/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"6\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"7\"> Mi fa male la mia schiena oggi.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"7\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"8\"> Mi fa male la schiena oggi.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"8\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"9\"> Mi fa male schiena oggi.<hr \/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"9\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"10\"> Si mette la giacca ed esce.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"10\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"11\"> Si mette la sua giacca ed esce.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"11\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"12\"> Si mette giacca ed esce.<hr \/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"12\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"13\"> Ti lavi i tuoi denti due volte al giorno.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"13\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"14\"> Ti lavi denti due volte al giorno.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"14\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"15\"> Ti lavi i denti due volte al giorno.<hr \/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"15\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"16\"> Apro i miei occhi appena suona la sveglia.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"16\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"17\"> Apro gli occhi appena suona la sveglia.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"17\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_1101_7072\"\n                                                       value=\"18\"> Apro occhi appena suona la sveglia.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>Six out of six.<\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>mi lavo le mani, si mette la giacca, mi fa male la schiena: the article, not the possessive, after a reflexive verb.<\/p>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_tipp\" style=\"display: none; position: relative;\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <h5 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Hint<\/h5>\n                                    <p>With the body and a reflexive verb, use the article, not &#8216;mio\/tuo\/suo&#8217;.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"tip\" value=\"Hint\"\n                                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton wpProQuiz_TipButton\"\n                                   style=\"float: left !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px !important;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                            <\/ol>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                <script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n            window.wpProQuizInitList = window.wpProQuizInitList || [];\n\n            window.wpProQuizInitList.push({\n                id: '#wpProQuiz_1101',\n                init: {\n                    quizId: 1101,\n                    mode: 2,\n                    globalPoints: 16,\n                    timelimit: 0,\n                    resultsGrade: [0,41,66,86],\n                    bo: 7560,\n                    qpp: 0,\n                    catPoints: {\"469\":10,\"98\":6},\n                    formPos: 0,\n                    lbn: \"Finish quiz\",\n                    json: {\"7071\":{\"type\":\"cloze_answer\",\"id\":7071,\"catId\":469,\"points\":[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],\"correct\":[[\"le mani\"],[\"i denti\"],[\"la gamba\"],[\"la testa\"],[\"i capelli\"],[\"le scarpe\"],[\"il dito\"],[\"gli occhi\"],[\"al ginocchio\"],[\"la mano\"]]},\"7072\":{\"type\":\"multiple\",\"id\":7072,\"catId\":98,\"points\":[0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0],\"correct\":[0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0]}}                }\n            });\n        <\/script>\n        \n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These questions about when to Italian skip possessive come from real learner conversations online. The rule itself is documented in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.treccani.it\/enciclopedia\/possessivi-aggettivi-e-pronomi_(La-grammatica-italiana)\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Treccani entry on possessive adjectives and pronouns<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-skip-q1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Why do Italians say &#8216;mi fa male la testa&#8217; and not &#8216;la mia testa mi fa male&#8217;?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Because Italian treats body parts as obvious in context: the link to the owner is so clear that the possessive becomes redundant. The structure mi fa male la testa literally reads &#8216;the head hurts to me&#8217;. The little indirect pronoun mi (or ti, gli, le, ci, vi) already marks the owner, so adding la mia would repeat information. The same logic gives mi bruciano gli occhi, ti fa male la gola, gli prude la pelle. Use this article-only frame for any pain or sensation in any body part.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-skip-q2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">When do I really have to use mio, tuo, suo in Italian?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Three situations. First, contrast: questa e la mia macchina, non la tua. Second, emphasis on personal ownership: andatevene, questa e casa mia. Third, when context does not make ownership obvious: hai visto la mia borsa, if there are several bags around. Outside these cases, drop the possessive. The default in Italian is article only, and you only add mio when the listener actually needs to know whose object you mean.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-skip-q3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What about family, do I say mio padre or il mio padre?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>With singular close family, it is mio padre, mia madre, tuo fratello, sua sorella: the possessive stays, the article drops. But the article comes back in three cases. Plurals: i miei fratelli, le tue zie. Affectionate or diminutive forms: il mio fratellino, il mio paparino. Loro: il loro padre, la loro madre always keep the article. And mamma and papa work like proper names in most regions, no article, no possessive: stamattina papa ha preparato il caffe.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-skip-q4\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Do I drop the possessive with clothes too?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes, almost always. Metti la giacca, togli le scarpe, prendi l&#8217;ombrello, mettiti il cappello. The owner is the person being addressed, which the verb already tells you, so la tua giacca would feel heavy. Adding the possessive sounds natural only when you want to distinguish one item from another: prendi la tua giacca, non la mia. With reflexive verbs like mettersi and togliersi, the self-pointing word reinforces the owner: mi metto le scarpe means I put on my shoes, ti togli il cappotto means you take off your coat.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-skip-q5\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Why do Italians say &#8216;ho perso l&#8217;orologio&#8217; instead of &#8216;ho perso il mio orologio&#8217;?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Because the first person verb ho already tells you who lost it. Saying il mio orologio would repeat information the conjugation has already given. Italian only adds mio when ownership is in doubt or in contrast: ho perso il mio orologio, non il tuo. The same applies to keys, phone, wallet, glasses, passport, car, and even the house: ho parcheggiato la macchina, prendo le chiavi, non viaggio mai senza il passaporto. Default to article only and add the possessive only when it changes the meaning.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-skip-q6\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Does this rule apply with reflexive verbs like &#8216;mettersi&#8217; and &#8216;lavarsi&#8217;?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>It applies even more strongly. Reflexive verbs already carry an owner-marking pronoun, so adding mio is doubly redundant. Mi lavo le mani, ti pettini i capelli, si toglie le scarpe, ci mettiamo i guanti. Never mi lavo le mie mani or ti metti la tua giacca. This pattern shows up everywhere in everyday Italian: getting dressed, washing, brushing teeth, putting on or taking off clothes, hurting yourself. The reflexive plus article is one of the cleanest examples of how Italian skip possessive when context already gives the owner.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"related\">Related guides<\/h2>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/aggettivi-possessivi-italian-possessive-adjectives\/\">Italian Possessive Adjectives: The Basic Forms and Rules<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/le-parti-del-corpo-body-parts-in-italian-audio-guide-and-quiz\/\">Italian Body Parts: Vocabulary, Audio and Quiz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-modal-verbs\/\">Italian Modal Verbs: Dovere, Potere, Volere, Sapere<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.treccani.it\/enciclopedia\/possessivi-aggettivi-e-pronomi_(La-grammatica-italiana)\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Treccani: Possessivi, aggettivi e pronomi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Italian drops &#8216;mio, tuo, suo&#8217; more often than you think. Learn when to skip the possessive and use article-only (ho perso l&#8217;orologio) for body parts, clothes, personal objects, and family. A2 guide.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10020,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1864,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a2","category-lingua","no-featured-image-padding","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60587","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10020"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60587"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60587\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":62047,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60587\/revisions\/62047"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}