{"id":57582,"date":"2025-12-24T17:24:39","date_gmt":"2025-12-24T08:24:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/?p=57582"},"modified":"2026-05-27T00:44:10","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T15:44:10","slug":"di-o-a-con-linfinito-scopri-la-logica-per-non-sbagliare-piu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/di-o-a-con-linfinito-scopri-la-logica-per-non-sbagliare-piu\/","title":{"rendered":"Italian DI or A With the Infinitive: How to Choose"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong>In short.<\/strong> Choosing <strong>di or a before the infinitive<\/strong> is one of the first real walls in Italian: <em>spero di partire<\/em> but <em>comincio a studiare<\/em>. There is no single rule, yet the verbs that govern an infinitive cluster into clear meaning groups. This guide gives you those groups, a quick test, a cheat sheet and the infinitive traps.<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-toc-dia\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cosa impareremo oggi<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc46\ud83c\udffb Jump to section<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#the-logic\">The logic behind di or a before the infinitive<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#no-preposition\">Group zero: verbs that take the bare infinitive<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#di-group\">When the verb needs di<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#a-group\">When the verb needs a<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#same-verb\">Same verb, two prepositions, two meanings<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#quick-test\">A quick test when you are stuck<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#cheat-sheet\">Cheat sheet: di or a at a glance<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#dialogue\">Dialogue: sorting out a delivery in Lucca<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#mistakes\">Five mistakes English speakers make<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#related\">Related guides<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#quiz\">Quiz<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"the-logic\">The logic behind di or a before the infinitive<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Walk into any classroom in Lucca and the same hand goes up: why <em>decido di partire<\/em> but <em>imparo a guidare<\/em>? The honest answer is that there is no formula that covers every verb. But the choice of di or a before the infinitive is far from random. Verbs gather into meaning families, and once you know the family, the preposition before the infinitive follows almost on its own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Three buckets cover the vast majority of cases. Some verbs take no preposition at all and glue straight onto the infinitive. A large family asks for <strong>di<\/strong>: speaking, deciding, hoping, remembering, stopping. Another large family asks for <strong>a<\/strong>: starting, continuing, moving towards, learning, succeeding. Sort the verb into its bucket and the di or a before the infinitive question usually answers itself, whatever infinitive follows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One condition matters before anything else: this whole topic only applies when the same subject does both actions, as in <em>spero di vincere<\/em> (I hope, I win). When the two verbs have different subjects, Italian switches to <em>che<\/em> plus a finite verb: <em>spero che tu vinca<\/em>. Keep that split in mind and the di or a before the infinitive system stays clean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"no-preposition\">Group zero: verbs that take the bare infinitive<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before splitting di from a, clear out the verbs that take neither. These attach directly to the infinitive with nothing in between, and forgetting that is a classic slip. The bare-infinitive group is small but extremely frequent, so learning which verbs take a plain infinitive pays back fast.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Devo passare in libreria prima delle sette.<br><em>I have to stop by the bookshop before seven. (modal: dovere)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Voglio finire il lavoro entro venerd\u00ec.<br><em>I want to finish the work by Friday. (modal: volere)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Preferisco restare a casa stasera.<br><em>I prefer to stay home tonight. (preferire)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ho visto Pietro uscire dal negozio.<br><em>I saw Pietro leave the shop. (perception: vedere)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ci fa aspettare ogni volta.<br><em>He makes us wait every time. (causative: fare)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The pattern: modal verbs (<em>dovere, potere, volere, sapere<\/em> when it means know how to), perception verbs (<em>vedere, sentire, guardare, ascoltare<\/em>), the causative <em>fare<\/em> and <em>lasciare<\/em>, plus <em>preferire, desiderare, osare<\/em>. No bridge word. If you find yourself wanting di or a before the infinitive here, stop: these verbs refuse it.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ms1-dia\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-challenge:<\/strong> bare infinitive, di or a?<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Voglio ___ partire presto. (___ = niente \/ di \/ a)<\/li>\n<li>Spero ___ trovare un posto in treno.<\/li>\n<li>Comincio ___ capire la regola.<\/li>\n<li>Devo ___ chiudere il negozio.<\/li>\n<li>Imparo ___ cucire a macchina.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>\ud83d\udc49 Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>1. niente (modal volere) \u00b7 2. di (sperare) \u00b7 3. a (cominciare) \u00b7 4. niente (modal dovere) \u00b7 5. a (imparare)<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"di-group\">When the verb needs di<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>di<\/strong> family is the one English speakers underuse, because English rarely marks it. Think of di as the infinitive-linking preposition of the mind and of the end point: speaking, thinking, deciding, hoping, fearing, remembering, forgetting, and above all stopping or finishing an activity before its infinitive.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ho deciso di cambiare lavoro.<br><em>I decided to change jobs. (deciding)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Spero di rivederti presto a Lucca.<br><em>I hope to see you again soon in Lucca. (hoping)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mi sono dimenticata di chiamare il veterinario.<br><em>I forgot to call the vet. (forgetting)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Smetti di lamentarti del traffico.<br><em>Stop complaining about the traffic. (stopping)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Finisci di sistemare gli scaffali, poi chiudiamo.<br><em>Finish arranging the shelves, then we close. (finishing)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ti consiglio di prenotare prima.<br><em>I advise you to book in advance. (advising, with an object)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Notice the sub-pattern. Verbs of ending take di without exception: <em>smettere di, finire di, cessare di<\/em>. Verbs of saying and ordering aimed at someone also take di: <em>dire di, chiedere di, consigliare di, ordinare di, permettere di, proibire di, vietare di, impedire di<\/em>. And the everyday trio of trying belongs here too: <em>cercare di, tentare di, provare a<\/em> stands apart, which is exactly the kind of exception the cheat sheet below catches.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-focus-di\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong>The mind and the finish line.<\/strong> If the main verb is about thinking, saying, deciding, fearing, or bringing an activity to an end, reach for di. <em>Penso di restare, ho paura di cadere, ho finito di lavorare.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ms2-dia\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-challenge:<\/strong> fill in di where the verb belongs to the mind or the finish line.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pietro ha deciso ___ vendere il furgone.<\/li>\n<li>Spero ___ arrivare puntuale alla riunione.<\/li>\n<li>Ho smesso ___ fumare due anni fa.<\/li>\n<li>Ti chiedo ___ aspettare un momento.<\/li>\n<li>Caterina ha finito ___ cucire il vestito.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>\ud83d\udc49 Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>All five take <strong>di<\/strong>: deciding, hoping, stopping, asking, finishing are core di verbs.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"a-group\">When the verb needs a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>a<\/strong> family links the verb to its infinitive through motion and process: starting, going on, moving towards, getting used to, learning, succeeding. Where di often points at a mental act or an end, a before the infinitive points at a beginning or a direction of travel, literal or figurative.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ho cominciato a studiare il tedesco.<br><em>I started studying German. (beginning)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Continua a piovere da stamattina.<br><em>It keeps raining since this morning. (continuing)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Sto imparando a cucire a macchina.<br><em>I am learning to machine-sew. (learning)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Sono riuscito a finire la consegna in tempo.<br><em>I managed to finish the delivery in time. (succeeding)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mi sono abituata a svegliarmi presto.<br><em>I got used to waking up early. (getting used to)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ti aiuto a portare gli scatoloni.<br><em>I will help you carry the boxes. (helping, with an object)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The reliable cores: beginning and continuing verbs (<em>cominciare a, iniziare a, mettersi a, continuare a<\/em>), movement verbs (<em>andare a, venire a, correre a, tornare a<\/em>), and verbs of learning and effort (<em>imparare a, abituarsi a, riuscire a, provare a, decidersi a<\/em>). A second set takes a person as object and then a: <em>aiutare a, invitare a, insegnare a, convincere a, costringere a, obbligare a<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ms3-dia\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-challenge:<\/strong> these are all motion or process verbs. Add a (or ad before a vowel).<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Comincio ___ capire la differenza.<\/li>\n<li>Continuo ___ lavorare fino a tardi.<\/li>\n<li>Imparo ___ guidare il furgone.<\/li>\n<li>Sono riuscita ___ aprire il barattolo.<\/li>\n<li>Ti invito ___ cenare da noi a Lucca.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>\ud83d\udc49 Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>1. a \u00b7 2. a \u00b7 3. a \u00b7 4. ad (ad aprire, before a vowel) \u00b7 5. a<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"same-verb\">Same verb, two prepositions, two meanings<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Here is where the di or a before the infinitive choice stops being a memory exercise and starts changing meaning. A handful of common verbs accept both prepositions before the infinitive, and the switch flips the sense entirely. These infinitive pairs are worth memorising as a block.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Penso di partire domani.<br><em>I am thinking of leaving tomorrow. (intention)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Penso a mia sorella a Trieste.<br><em>I am thinking about my sister in Trieste. (have in mind)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ho finito di lavorare alle otto.<br><em>I finished working at eight. (stopped the activity)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u00c8 finito a vendere giornali alla stazione.<br><em>He ended up selling papers at the station. (ended up doing)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Aspetto di sapere la risposta.<br><em>I am waiting to know the answer. (expecting)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Aspetta a rispondere, non hai tutti i dati.<br><em>Wait before answering, you do not have all the data. (hold off)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The lesson is blunt: with <em>pensare, finire, aspettare, accennare, vergognarsi<\/em>, the preposition is not decoration. Treat the verb plus its preposition as one lexical unit, the way Italians do, and the di or a before the infinitive choice becomes a meaning choice you actually want to make.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"quick-test\">A quick test when you are stuck<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No list covers every verb, so here is a working heuristic for the di or a before the infinitive moment when memory fails. Run the verb and its infinitive through these questions in order. It is not a law, but it is right far more often than not.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Is the verb a modal, a perception verb, or <em>fare<\/em> or <em>lasciare<\/em>? Then no preposition.<\/li>\n<li>Does it describe starting, continuing, moving towards, learning, or succeeding? Lean <strong>a<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Does it describe thinking, saying, hoping, fearing, deciding, or ending an activity? Lean <strong>di<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Does it govern a person before the second verb? Both groups exist (<em>aiutare a<\/em>, <em>consigliare di<\/em>): learn the verb with its preposition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When in real doubt, two reflexes save you. First, the everyday workhorses: <em>cominciare a, continuare a, imparare a, riuscire a<\/em> on the a side; <em>cercare di, sperare di, decidere di, smettere di, finire di<\/em> on the di side. Second, read aloud: if a sentence sounds wrong to an ear trained on real Italian, it usually is, and that instinct grows faster than any table.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ms4-dia\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-challenge:<\/strong> apply the test, then choose niente, di or a.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lorenzo preferisce ___ restare a Modena.<\/li>\n<li>Mi hanno convinto ___ cambiare idea.<\/li>\n<li>Ho paura ___ sbagliare strada.<\/li>\n<li>Continuiamo ___ provarci ogni giorno.<\/li>\n<li>Vado ___ comprare il pane.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>\ud83d\udc49 Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>1. niente (preferire) \u00b7 2. a (convincere a) \u00b7 3. di (avere paura di) \u00b7 4. a (continuare a) \u00b7 5. a (andare a)<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cheat-sheet\">Cheat sheet: di or a at a glance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Keep this open while you build sentences. It collapses the di or a before the infinitive system into one screen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead><tr><th>Meaning<\/th><th>Preposition<\/th><th>Typical verbs<\/th><th>Example<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>Obligation, will, ability<\/td><td>none<\/td><td>dovere, potere, volere, sapere<\/td><td>Devo partire.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Perception, causative<\/td><td>none<\/td><td>vedere, sentire, fare, lasciare<\/td><td>Ho visto Pietro uscire.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Deciding, hoping, intending<\/td><td>di<\/td><td>decidere, sperare, pensare, credere<\/td><td>Spero di rivederti.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Saying, ordering someone<\/td><td>di<\/td><td>dire, chiedere, consigliare, vietare<\/td><td>Ti consiglio di prenotare.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Stopping, finishing<\/td><td>di<\/td><td>smettere, finire, cessare<\/td><td>Smetti di lamentarti.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Trying<\/td><td>di<\/td><td>cercare, tentare<\/td><td>Cerco di capire.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Beginning, continuing<\/td><td>a<\/td><td>cominciare, iniziare, continuare<\/td><td>Comincio a studiare.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Movement towards<\/td><td>a<\/td><td>andare, venire, correre, tornare<\/td><td>Vado a comprare il pane.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Learning, succeeding<\/td><td>a<\/td><td>imparare, riuscire, abituarsi<\/td><td>Riesco a finire.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Pushing someone to act<\/td><td>a<\/td><td>aiutare, invitare, convincere, obbligare<\/td><td>Ti aiuto a portarlo.<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"dialogue\">Dialogue: sorting out a delivery in Lucca<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pietro runs a small bookshop in Lucca; Caterina handles his deliveries. Watch every verb pick its preposition, or none.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-dialog-dia\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Caterina:<\/strong> Allora, hai deciso di anticipare la consegna a gioved\u00ec?<br><em>So, have you decided to bring the delivery forward to Thursday?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Pietro:<\/strong> S\u00ec, devo svuotare il magazzino prima del weekend. Riesci a passare la mattina?<br><em>Yes, I have to clear the warehouse before the weekend. Can you manage to come in the morning?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Caterina:<\/strong> Provo a essere l\u00ec alle otto. Ho smesso di prendere consegne nel pomeriggio, c&#8217;\u00e8 troppo traffico.<br><em>I will try to be there at eight. I stopped taking afternoon deliveries, there is too much traffic.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Pietro:<\/strong> Capisco. Ti consiglio di entrare dal retro, davanti stanno rifacendo la strada.<br><em>I understand. I advise you to come in from the back, they are redoing the road out front.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Caterina:<\/strong> Buono a sapersi. Comincio a scaricare e poi ti aiuto a sistemare gli scaffali?<br><em>Good to know. I start unloading and then I help you arrange the shelves?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Pietro:<\/strong> Perfetto. Spero di chiudere tutto entro mezzogiorno, poi ti offro il pranzo.<br><em>Perfect. I hope to wrap everything up by noon, then I treat you to lunch.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Caterina:<\/strong> Affare fatto. Ma non aspettare a firmare la bolla, senn\u00f2 mi dimentico di lasciartela.<br><em>Deal. But do not wait to sign the delivery note, otherwise I forget to leave it with you.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What to notice in the dialogue<\/h3>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>hai deciso di, ho smesso di, spero di, mi dimentico di<\/strong>: deciding, stopping, hoping, forgetting, all core di.<\/li>\n<li><strong>riesci a, provo a, comincio a, ti aiuto a<\/strong>: succeeding, trying-as-attempt, beginning, helping someone, all core a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>devo svuotare<\/strong>: modal, bare infinitive, no preposition.<\/li>\n<li><strong>aspettare a firmare<\/strong> vs the expected <em>aspettare di<\/em>: here it means hold off, the meaning-shift pair from earlier.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mistakes\">Five mistakes English speakers make<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These five infinitive slips flag a sentence as non-native faster than any accent. Each maps back to one of the infinitive groups above.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mistake 1.<\/strong> Adding a preposition after a modal. Wrong: <em>voglio di partire<\/em>. Correct: <em>voglio partire<\/em>. Modals take the bare infinitive, never di or a before the infinitive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mistake 2.<\/strong> Using a with stopping verbs. Wrong: <em>smetto a fumare<\/em>. Correct: <em>smetto di fumare<\/em>. Ending an activity is always di.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mistake 3.<\/strong> Using di with beginning verbs. Wrong: <em>comincio di studiare<\/em>. Correct: <em>comincio a studiare<\/em>. Starting and continuing are always a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mistake 4.<\/strong> Dropping the euphonic d. Wrong: <em>imparo a aprire<\/em>. Better: <em>imparo ad aprire<\/em>. Before a word starting with a, a becomes ad for smoother sound.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mistake 5.<\/strong> Ignoring the meaning-shift pairs. <em>Penso di andare<\/em> (I intend to go) is not <em>penso a andare<\/em>. With pensare, finire, aspettare the preposition carries the meaning.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ms5-dia\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-challenge:<\/strong> each sentence has one error. Fix it.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Devo di passare in libreria.<\/li>\n<li>Ho smesso a bere caff\u00e8 la sera.<\/li>\n<li>Comincio di capire il problema.<\/li>\n<li>Imparo a usare il programma. (right or wrong?)<\/li>\n<li>Penso a partire la settimana prossima. (intention)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>\ud83d\udc49 Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>1. Devo passare (no prep) \u00b7 2. Ho smesso di bere \u00b7 3. Comincio a capire \u00b7 4. correct \u00b7 5. Penso di partire (intention = di)<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"quiz\">Test your understanding<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Take the short quiz below to check whether the di or a before the infinitive groups have stuck.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-quiz-di57582\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n        <div class=\"wpProQuiz_content\" id=\"wpProQuiz_88\">\n                    <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_time_limit\">\n            <div class=\"time\">Time limit: <span>0<\/span><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_progress\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_checkPage\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <h4 class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Quiz-summary<\/h4>\n\n            <p>\n                <span>0<\/span> of 2 questions completed            <\/p>\n\n            <p>Questions:<\/p>\n\n            <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_box\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                            <li>2<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n            \n            <input type=\"button\" name=\"endQuizSummary\" value=\"Finish quiz\"\n                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button\">\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_infopage\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <h4>Information<\/h4>\n\n            \n            <input type=\"button\" name=\"endInfopage\" value=\"Finish quiz\"\n                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button\">\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_text\">\n            <p>\n                <p style=\"text-align:center;\">&#8211;<\/p>\n            <\/p>\n\n            \n            <div>\n                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_button\" type=\"button\" value=\"Start quiz\"\n                       name=\"startQuiz\">\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_lock\">\n            <p>\n                You have already completed the quiz before. Hence you can not start it again.            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_loadQuiz\">\n            <p>\n                Quiz is loading...            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_startOnlyRegisteredUser\">\n            <p>\n                \n    <div class=\"dante-quiz-login-box\">\n        <h2 class=\"dante-quiz-login-badge has-text-align-center\">Free Italian Quiz<\/h2>\n        <br>\n        <h3 class=\"dante-quiz-login-title has-text-align-center\">\"Italian DI or A With the Infinitive: How to Choose\"<\/h3>\n        <p class=\"has-text-align-left\">\n            Sign up for free to try this quiz and get early access to new Italian lessons before anyone else.\n        <\/p>\n        \n        <div class=\"dante-quiz-social-buttons\">\n                <div class=\"dante-login-form\">\n        <div class=\"dante-social-btns\">\n            <a href=\"\/eng\/wp-login.php?loginSocial=google&redirect=%2Feng%2Fwp-json%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F57582\" class=\"dante-social-btn\">\n                <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n                    <path fill=\"#4285f4\" d=\"M22.56 12.25c0-.78-.07-1.53-.2-2.25H12v4.26h5.92c-.26 1.37-1.04 2.53-2.21 3.31v2.77h3.57c2.08-1.92 3.28-4.74 3.28-8.09z\"\/>\n                    <path fill=\"#34a853\" d=\"M12 23c2.97 0 5.46-.98 7.28-2.66l-3.57-2.77c-.98.66-2.23 1.06-3.71 1.06-2.86 0-5.29-1.93-6.16-4.53H2.18v2.84C3.99 20.53 7.7 23 12 23z\"\/>\n                    <path fill=\"#fbbc05\" d=\"M5.84 14.09c-.22-.66-.35-1.36-.35-2.09s.13-1.43.35-2.09V7.07H2.18C1.43 8.55 1 10.22 1 12s.43 3.45 1.18 4.93l2.85-2.22.81-.62z\"\/>\n                    <path fill=\"#ea4335\" d=\"M12 5.38c1.62 0 3.06.56 4.21 1.64l3.15-3.15C17.45 2.09 14.97 1 12 1 7.7 1 3.99 3.47 2.18 7.07l3.66 2.84c.87-2.6 3.3-4.53 6.16-4.53z\"\/>\n                <\/svg>\n                Continue with Google            <\/a>\n            <a href=\"\/eng\/wp-login.php?loginSocial=facebook&redirect=%2Feng%2Fwp-json%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F57582\" class=\"dante-social-btn\">\n                <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n                    <path fill=\"#1877f2\" d=\"M24 12.073c0-6.627-5.373-12-12-12s-12 5.373-12 12c0 5.99 4.388 10.954 10.125 11.854v-8.385H7.078v-3.47h3.047V9.43c0-3.007 1.792-4.669 4.533-4.669 1.312 0 2.686.235 2.686.235v2.953H15.83c-1.491 0-1.956.925-1.956 1.874v2.25h3.328l-.532 3.47h-2.796v8.385C19.612 23.027 24 18.062 24 12.073z\"\/>\n                <\/svg>\n                Continue with Facebook            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n        \n        <div class=\"dante-divider\"><span>or<\/span><\/div>\n        \n        <form class=\"dante-auth-form\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"nonce\" value=\"1f453332a3\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"redirect\" value=\"\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57582\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"show_register\" value=\"true\">\n            \n            <!-- HONEYPOT FIELD - Anti-Bot Protection -->\n            <div style=\"position: absolute; 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Redirecting...'\n        };\n        \n        $('#email').on('input', function() {\n            const email = $(this).val();\n            const showReg = $('input[name=\"show_register\"]').val();\n            \n            clearTimeout(timeout);\n            \n            if (!email.includes('@')) {\n                resetForm();\n                return;\n            }\n            \n            timeout = setTimeout(() => {\n                $.post('https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php', {\n                    action: 'dante_check_email',\n                    email: email,\n                    nonce: $('input[name=\"nonce\"]').val()\n                }, function(r) {\n                    if (r.success) {\n                        if (r.data.exists) {\n                            setLoginMode();\n                        } else if (showReg === 'true') {\n                            setRegisterMode();\n                        } else {\n                            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         messageDiv.removeClass('dante-success dante-error').addClass('dante-' + type);\n            messageDiv.text(message).show();\n            setTimeout(() => messageDiv.hide(), 5000);\n        }\n        \n        $('.dante-auth-form').on('submit', function(e) {\n            e.preventDefault();\n            \n            const email = $('#email').val();\n            const password = $('#password').val();\n            const name = $('#name').val();\n            const gdpr = $('#gdpr').is(':checked');\n            const redirect = $('input[name=\"redirect\"]').val();\n            \n            if (!email || !password) {\n                showMessage(texts.emailPasswordRequired);\n                return;\n            }\n            \n            if (mode === 'register') {\n                if (!name) {\n                    showMessage(texts.nameRequired);\n                    return;\n                }\n                if (!gdpr) {\n                    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? texts.signIn : texts.createAccount);\n                }\n            });\n        });\n    });\n    <\/script>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n                <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_prerequisite\">\n            <p>\n                You have to finish following quiz, to start this quiz:                <span><\/span>\n            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_results\">\n            <h4 class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Results<\/h4>\n                        <p class=\"wpProQuiz_time_limit_expired\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                Time has elapsed            <\/p>\n                            <p class=\"wpProQuiz_points\">\n                    You scored <span>0<\/span> out of <span>0<\/span> points, (<span>0<\/span>)                <\/p>\n                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_catOverview\" >\n                <h4>Categories<\/h4>\n\n                <div style=\"margin-top: 10px;\">\n                    <ol>\n                                                    <li data-category_id=\"322\">\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catName\">Cloze: di, a or no preposition<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catPercent\">0%<\/span>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li data-category_id=\"159\">\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catName\">Verifica: spot the correct sentence<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catPercent\">0%<\/span>\n                            <\/li>\n                                            <\/ol>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_resultsList\">\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#7b2d8b; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 0 to 40%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #e9d5ee, #7b2d8b); width:20%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Let&#8217;s strengthen the foundations on this topic.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> A <strong>10-Lesson Package<\/strong> gives you ten focused 55-minute sessions with a native teacher, at your own pace.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#7b2d8b; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">10-Lesson Package<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">One-to-one<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vacanze.webp\" alt=\"10-Lesson Package\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Any level<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">55-minute one-to-one session on Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Your personal native teacher<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Interactive online materials<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=8\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#7b2d8b; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Get the 10-Lesson Package &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Coraggio: un passo alla volta.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#ab2227; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 41 to 65%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #fde2e2, #ab2227); width:53%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Solid base. Let&#8217;s build on it.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> A <strong>weekly 1:1 lesson<\/strong> gives you the rhythm and the personalised feedback to turn what you know into what you say automatically.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#ab2227; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Weekly 1:1<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">One-to-one<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vacanze.webp\" alt=\"Weekly 1:1\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Any level<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">55-minute one-to-one session on Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Your personal native teacher<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Interactive online materials<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=4\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#ab2227; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Book a Weekly 1:1 lesson &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Avanti tutta!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#b8860b; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 66 to 85%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #faecc4, #b8860b); width:75%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Great work. You&#8217;re ready for the group.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> In the <strong>Milano small-group course (A2-B1)<\/strong> you&#8217;ll move from solid grammar to live conversation.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#b8860b; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Milano group<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">A2-B1<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/milano-no-sfondo.webp\" alt=\"Milano group\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Small groups, max 4 students<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Weekly live Zoom sessions<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Grammar, vocabulary, listening, writing<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=7\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#b8860b; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Join the Milano group &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Ci vediamo in classe!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#2d6a4f; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 86 to 100%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #cce5d5, #2d6a4f); width:93%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Bravissimo! You nailed it.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> Step into the <strong>Milano small-group course (A2-B1)<\/strong> to turn accurate Italian into fluent Italian.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#2d6a4f; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Milano group<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">A2-B1<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/milano-no-sfondo.webp\" alt=\"Milano group\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Small groups, max 4 students<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Weekly live Zoom sessions<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Grammar, vocabulary, listening, writing<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=7\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#2d6a4f; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Join the Milano group &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">A presto su Zoom!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div style=\"margin: 10px 0px;\">\n                                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewDiv\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewQuestion\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                            <li>2<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewLegend\">\n                <ol>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #6CA54C;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Answered<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #FFB800;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Review<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"review\" value=\"Review question\"\n                           class=\"wpProQuiz_button2\" style=\"float: left; display: block;\">\n                                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_quizAnker\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_quiz\">\n            <ol class=\"wpProQuiz_list\">\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>1<\/span> of <span>2<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>1<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h3 style=\"text-align:center;\">Choose di, a, or niente (no preposition)<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Setting.<\/strong> Anselmo and Adelina run a small independent bookshop in Verona, near piazza delle Erbe. Niccol\u00f2, a part-time apprentice, helps with deliveries and shelves. Renata is a regular customer who orders historical novels. Watch each verb pick its preposition, or none.<\/p>\n<p><em>Setting (EN). Anselmo and Adelina run a small independent bookshop in Verona, near piazza delle Erbe. Niccol\u00f2, a part-time apprentice, helps with deliveries and shelves. Renata is a regular customer who orders historical novels. Watch each verb pick its preposition, or none.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-top:14px;\"><em>Type one of: <strong>di<\/strong>, <strong>a<\/strong>, or <strong>niente<\/strong> (for verbs that take the bare infinitive). Before a word starting with a, you may write <strong>ad<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"6840\"\n                                data-type=\"cloze_answer\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                        <hr\/><ul><li>Anselmo deve (di, niente, a) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"6\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(niente)<\/span><\/span> chiudere la libreria alle otto stasera.<br><br><em>Anselmo has to close the bookshop at eight tonight.<\/em><\/li><li>Adelina spera (di, a, niente) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"2\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(di)<\/span><\/span> ricevere la nuova consegna entro venerd\u00ec.<br><br><em>Adelina hopes to receive the new delivery by Friday.<\/em><\/li><li>Niccol\u00f2 ha cominciato (di, niente, a) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"1\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(a)<\/span><\/span> lavorare in libreria a settembre.<br><br><em>Niccol\u00f2 started working at the bookshop in September.<\/em><\/li><li>Adelina ha finito (a, di, niente) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"2\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(di)<\/span><\/span> sistemare gli scaffali alle sei.<br><br><em>Adelina finished arranging the shelves at six.<\/em><\/li><li>Renata preferisce (niente, di, a) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"6\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(niente)<\/span><\/span> leggere i romanzi storici in poltrona.<br><br><em>Renata prefers to read historical novels in an armchair.<\/em><\/li><li>Anselmo non \u00e8 riuscito (di, niente, a) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"1\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(a)<\/span><\/span> trovare il libro che cercava Renata.<br><br><em>Anselmo couldn't manage to find the book Renata was looking for.<\/em><\/li><li>Niccol\u00f2 cerca (a, di, niente) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"2\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(di)<\/span><\/span> imparare il nome di ogni cliente abituale.<br><br><em>Niccol\u00f2 tries to learn the name of every regular customer.<\/em><\/li><li>Adelina sta imparando (di, niente, a) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"1\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(a)<\/span><\/span> usare il nuovo software di magazzino.<br><br><em>Adelina is learning to use the new warehouse software.<\/em><\/li><li>Renata ha smesso (di, a, niente) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"2\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(di)<\/span><\/span> comprare libri online dopo aver scoperto questa libreria.<br><br><em>Renata stopped buying books online after discovering this bookshop.<\/em><\/li><li>Anselmo pensa (a, di, niente) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"2\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(di)<\/span><\/span> aprire una piccola sezione di poesia il mese prossimo.<br><br><em>Anselmo is thinking of opening a small poetry section next month.<\/em><\/li><\/ul><hr\/>                                    <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>10 out of 10. The verb families are working.<\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>Recap by family:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>No preposition<\/strong>: modals (dovere, potere, volere, sapere), preferire\/desiderare, perception (vedere\/sentire), causative (fare\/lasciare).<\/li>\n<li><strong>di<\/strong>: mind and end &mdash; decidere di, sperare di, pensare di (intention), credere di, finire di, smettere di, cercare di, dire di, chiedere di, consigliare di, ricordare di, dimenticare di.<\/li>\n<li><strong>a<\/strong>: motion and process &mdash; cominciare a, iniziare a, continuare a, andare a, venire a, imparare a, riuscire a, abituarsi a, aiutare a, invitare a, insegnare a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Meaning shift<\/strong>: <em>penso di partire<\/em> (intention) vs <em>penso a mia sorella<\/em> (have in mind).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vocabulary: scaffali = shelves &middot; consegna = delivery &middot; magazzino = warehouse &middot; edizioni rare = rare editions.<\/p>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_tipp\" style=\"display: none; position: relative;\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <h5 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Hint<\/h5>\n                                    <p><strong>Quick test:<\/strong> is the verb a modal or fare\/lasciare\/preferire? No preposition. Does it describe beginning, continuing, moving toward, learning, succeeding? Lean <strong>a<\/strong>. Does it describe deciding, hoping, thinking, saying, fearing, ending? Lean <strong>di<\/strong>.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"tip\" value=\"Hint\"\n                                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton wpProQuiz_TipButton\"\n                                   style=\"float: left !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px !important;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>2<\/span> of <span>2<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>2<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h3 style=\"text-align:center;\">Spot the correct sentence<\/h3>\n<p>For each set of three sentences, select the ONE that is correct. Each set tests one of the five mistakes English speakers make with <em>di<\/em>, <em>a<\/em>, or the bare infinitive.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"6841\"\n                                data-type=\"multiple\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> Niccol\u00f2 vuole di imparare a riconoscere le edizioni rare.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> Niccol\u00f2 vuole imparare a riconoscere le edizioni rare.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> Niccol\u00f2 vuole a imparare a riconoscere le edizioni rare.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> Adelina ha smesso a fumare due anni fa.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"4\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"5\"> Adelina ha smesso fumare due anni fa.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"5\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"6\"> Adelina ha smesso di fumare due anni fa.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"6\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"7\"> Renata comincia a leggere il giornale ogni mattina alle sette.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"7\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"8\"> Renata comincia di leggere il giornale ogni mattina alle sette.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"8\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"9\"> Renata comincia leggere il giornale ogni mattina alle sette.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"9\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"10\"> Niccol\u00f2 impara a aprire i pacchi senza rovinare le copertine.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"10\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"11\"> Niccol\u00f2 impara ad aprire i pacchi senza rovinare le copertine.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"11\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"12\"> Niccol\u00f2 impara di aprire i pacchi senza rovinare le copertine.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"12\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"13\"> Anselmo pensa a trasferire la libreria in una sede pi\u00f9 grande.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"13\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"14\"> Anselmo pensa trasferire la libreria in una sede pi\u00f9 grande.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"14\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_88_6841\"\n                                                       value=\"15\"> Anselmo pensa di trasferire la libreria in una sede pi\u00f9 grande.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>5 out of 5. You caught all five trap families.<\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>The five mistakes again:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Modal + preposition<\/strong>: <em>voglio di partire<\/em> is wrong &mdash; modals (volere, potere, dovere, sapere) take the bare infinitive: <em>voglio partire<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>a with stopping<\/strong>: <em>smetto a fumare<\/em> is wrong &mdash; ending an activity is always <em>di<\/em>: <em>smetto di fumare<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>di with beginning<\/strong>: <em>comincio di studiare<\/em> is wrong &mdash; starting and continuing are always <em>a<\/em>: <em>comincio a studiare<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Missing ad<\/strong>: before a word starting with a, write <em>ad<\/em>: <em>imparo ad aprire<\/em>, not <em>imparo a aprire<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Meaning shift<\/strong>: <em>penso di trasferire<\/em> means I intend to move; <em>penso a trasferire<\/em> means I am thinking about the move. With pensare, the preposition carries the meaning.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_tipp\" style=\"display: none; position: relative;\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <h5 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Hint<\/h5>\n                                    <p>Only ONE sentence in each set respects the verb-family rule. The other two break one of the five mistakes above. Read each one aloud: the wrong ones usually sound off.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"tip\" value=\"Hint\"\n                                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton wpProQuiz_TipButton\"\n                                   style=\"float: left !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px !important;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                            <\/ol>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                <script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n            window.wpProQuizInitList = window.wpProQuizInitList || [];\n\n            window.wpProQuizInitList.push({\n                id: '#wpProQuiz_88',\n                init: {\n                    quizId: 88,\n                    mode: 2,\n                    globalPoints: 15,\n                    timelimit: 0,\n                    resultsGrade: [0,41,66,86],\n                    bo: 7560,\n                    qpp: 0,\n                    catPoints: {\"322\":10,\"159\":5},\n                    formPos: 0,\n                    lbn: \"Finish quiz\",\n                    json: {\"6840\":{\"type\":\"cloze_answer\",\"id\":6840,\"catId\":322,\"points\":[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],\"correct\":[[\"niente\"],[\"di\"],[\"a\"],[\"di\"],[\"niente\"],[\"a\"],[\"di\"],[\"a\"],[\"di\"],[\"di\"]]},\"6841\":{\"type\":\"multiple\",\"id\":6841,\"catId\":159,\"points\":[0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1],\"correct\":[0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1]}}                }\n            });\n        <\/script>\n        \n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:36px;color:#ab2227;margin-top:50px;margin-bottom:10px;letter-spacing:0.3em;font-family:Georgia,serif\">\u00a7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These are the doubts that come up again and again among learners working through the di or a before the infinitive system. The verb-and-preposition pairing is documented in the institutional <a href=\"https:\/\/www.treccani.it\/vocabolario\/cominciare\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Treccani vocabolario entry on cominciare<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-dia-1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Is there a rule, or do I just memorise which verbs take di and which take a?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>There is no single rule that decides every case, and even Italian institutions say so. But the verbs fall into meaning families. Verbs of beginning, continuing, moving towards, learning and succeeding take a (cominciare a, continuare a, imparare a, riuscire a). Verbs of thinking, deciding, hoping, saying, fearing and ending an activity take di (decidere di, sperare di, smettere di, finire di). Modals and perception verbs take neither. You still memorise, but you memorise families, not isolated words.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-dia-2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Why comincio a studiare but smetto di studiare?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Because beginning and ending sit in opposite families. Verbs that open or continue an action (cominciare, iniziare, mettersi, continuare) take a. Verbs that close an action (smettere, finire, cessare) take di. So you start with a and you stop with di, even with the same second verb: comincio a lavorare, finisco di lavorare. The preposition tracks the phase of the action, not the action itself.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-dia-3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Which verbs take no preposition before the infinitive?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Modal verbs (dovere, potere, volere, and sapere when it means know how to), perception verbs (vedere, sentire, guardare, ascoltare), the causative fare and lasciare, plus preferire, desiderare and osare. They attach straight to the infinitive: devo partire, voglio restare, ho visto Pietro uscire, ci fa aspettare. Adding di or a here is one of the most common beginner errors.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-dia-4\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Is it cercare di or cercare a?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Cercare always takes di: cerco di capire, ha cercato di aiutarmi. So does tentare: tento di spiegarlo. The verb provare in the sense of attempting takes a instead: provo a aprirlo. Cercare di and provare a are close in meaning, to try, but each keeps its own preposition. Learn them as fixed pairs and the choice never comes up again.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-dia-5\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Why ad aprire and not a aprire?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>This is the euphonic d. When a is followed by a word that starts with the same vowel a, Italian usually inserts a d for smoother pronunciation: imparo ad aprire, comincio ad ascoltare. The same happens with e becoming ed (e anche becomes ed anche). It is a sound rule, not a grammar one, and it does not change the choice of preposition itself.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-dia-6\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Does the di or a choice depend on having the same subject?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>The whole infinitive construction only works when both verbs share the same subject: spero di partire (I hope, I leave). When the subjects differ, Italian drops the infinitive and uses che plus a finite verb: spero che tu parta (I hope that you leave). So before worrying about di or a, check that one person is doing both actions. If not, you are in che territory and the preposition question disappears.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"related\">Related guides<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Once the di or a before the infinitive logic is clear, these guides take each branch deeper.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-verbs-followed-preposition-di\/\">Italian Verbs Followed by DI: The Complete B1 List<\/a>: every di verb, grouped and exemplified.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-verbs-followed-by-the-preposition-a\/\">Italian Verbs Followed by A: The Complete B1 List<\/a>: the full a list, beginning to striving.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-modal-verbs\/\">Italian Modal Verbs: Dovere, Potere, Volere, Sapere<\/a>: the bare-infinitive group in detail.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-di-vs-da\/\">Italian DI vs DA: The Complete Guide<\/a>: di in its other roles, contrasted with da.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-prepositions\/\">Italian Prepositions: 8 Simple Rules<\/a>: how di and a fit the whole system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Why spero di partire but comincio a studiare? The logic of DI or A before the infinitive in Italian: verb groups, a quick test, a cheat sheet and the traps.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10020,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1864],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a2","no-featured-image-padding","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10020"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57582"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57582\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":61202,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57582\/revisions\/61202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}