{"id":38288,"date":"2021-11-19T08:21:21","date_gmt":"2021-11-18T23:21:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/?p=38288"},"modified":"2026-04-24T20:51:45","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T11:51:45","slug":"italian-nouns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-nouns\/","title":{"rendered":"Italian Nouns: 7 Rules for Gender and Plurals (A2-B1)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-tldr-38288\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p>&#x1F50D; <strong>Cosa impareremo oggi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Why every Italian noun carries a gender and a number, and how that decides the ending of the article, the adjective, and the past participle around it.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>The three clean endings to start with: masculine <em>-o<\/em>, feminine <em>-a<\/em>, either-gender <em>-e<\/em>, and the simple plural shift (-o to -i, -a to -e, -e to -i).<\/li>\n\n\n<li>The traps English learners hit first: -ca\/-ga, -co\/-go, -io with stressed or unstressed i, and why <em>problema<\/em> is masculine.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Invariable nouns (<em>citt&agrave;<\/em>, <em>bar<\/em>, <em>sport<\/em>, <em>re<\/em>) and why the plural never changes.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Shortcut suffixes that fix gender at a glance: -t&agrave;, -zione, -trice are feminine; -ore and -ismo are masculine.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Mobile gender pairs (<em>fratello\/sorella<\/em>, <em>attore\/attrice<\/em>, <em>studente\/studentessa<\/em>) and the words that change meaning in the plural (<em>il braccio\/le braccia<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Italian nouns, <em>i sostantivi<\/em>, are the scaffolding of every sentence. Get them right and the articles, the adjectives, the pronouns, and the past participles all fall into line. Get them wrong and the whole phrase wobbles, even when every other word is correct. This guide walks through the rules that carry most of the weight and flags the traps English speakers hit in the first year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-gn-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"gender-and-number\">Why Italian nouns matter: gender and number<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Every Italian noun is either masculine or feminine. There is no neuter, no &#8220;it&#8221;. A chair is feminine, a book is masculine, and a table is feminine whether anyone is sitting at it or not. On top of that, every noun is singular or plural. That double tag, gender plus number, spreads outward. The article agrees, the adjective agrees, the demonstrative agrees, and the past participle agrees when the auxiliary is <em>essere<\/em> or when a direct object pronoun comes before the verb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>English speakers often try to skip the gender tag and hope the listener fills in the rest. Italian does not work that way. Saying <em>il casa<\/em> instead of <em>la casa<\/em> breaks the chain immediately, and everything downstream sounds off. The good news: most nouns wear their gender on the sleeve, and the endings follow tight patterns.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-obs1-38288\">\n\n<p>&#x1F50D; <strong>Quick lens.<\/strong> <em>Gender is a property of the noun, not of the thing.<\/em> A dress (<em>il vestito<\/em>) is masculine. A shirt (<em>la camicia<\/em>) is feminine. Memorise the word with its article, not with a logical rule.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-bp-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"basic-pattern\">The basic pattern: -o, -a, -e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Three endings cover the majority of Italian nouns in the dictionary. <em>-o<\/em> is almost always masculine. <em>-a<\/em> is almost always feminine. <em>-e<\/em> can be either, and you just have to memorise each one with its article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>il libro<\/em>, the book (m).<br><em>I read a book every night.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>la porta<\/em>, the door (f).<br><em>Please close the door.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>il fiore<\/em>, the flower (m).<br><em>She brought a flower home.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>la chiave<\/em>, the key (f).<br><em>I forgot the key on the table.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Two of these follow the &#8220;obvious&#8221; rule (-o masculine, -a feminine), and two of them, both ending in -e, need to be learned case by case. There is no reliable shortcut for -e, so flashcards are worth the time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-sp-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"singular-plural\">Singular to plural: three rules, many exceptions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For most Italian nouns the plural shift is almost robotic. A masculine -o becomes -i. A feminine -a becomes -e. A noun in -e (either gender) becomes -i. Start here; bolt on the exceptions later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Singular<\/th><th>Plural<\/th><th>Pattern<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><em>il libro<\/em><\/td><td><em>i libri<\/em><\/td><td>-o to -i (m)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>la casa<\/em><\/td><td><em>le case<\/em><\/td><td>-a to -e (f)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>il fiore<\/em><\/td><td><em>i fiori<\/em><\/td><td>-e to -i (m)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>la chiave<\/em><\/td><td><em>le chiavi<\/em><\/td><td>-e to -i (f)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>lo studente<\/em><\/td><td><em>gli studenti<\/em><\/td><td>-e to -i (m)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Notice that a feminine -e behaves exactly like a masculine -e in the plural: both end in -i. The article is what signals gender in speech, so never drop it when you are still building confidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-fc-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"feminine-ca-ga\">Feminine nouns ending in -a (and the -ca, -ga trick)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Feminine -a is the friendliest family. The default plural is -e, and the sound stays the same as the singular. Where it gets spicy: when the noun ends in -ca or -ga, Italian inserts an -h- in the plural to preserve the hard sound.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>l&#8217;amica<\/em> to <em>le amiche<\/em>, the friends.<br><em>Without the h we would read &#8220;amice&#8221; with a soft c.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>la collega<\/em> to <em>le colleghe<\/em>, the colleagues.<br><em>Same logic: hard g kept alive.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>la banca<\/em> to <em>le banche<\/em>, the banks.<br><em>Everyday word, everyday rule.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A handful of feminines in -cia and -gia drop the -i- in the plural when a consonant comes before: <em>la pioggia<\/em> becomes <em>le piogge<\/em>, <em>l&#8217;arancia<\/em> becomes <em>le arance<\/em>. When a vowel comes before the -cia, the -i- stays: <em>la camicia<\/em> becomes <em>le camicie<\/em>. You do not need to be surgical here; native speakers themselves hesitate, and modern Italian accepts both forms in borderline cases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-mo-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"masculine-o-traps\">Masculine nouns ending in -o (and the -co, -go, -io traps)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Masculine -o is mostly predictable, but three subfamilies need a second look.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>-co, -go with stress on the second-to-last syllable<\/strong>: keep the hard sound, add -h-. <em>il gioco<\/em> becomes <em>i giochi<\/em>, <em>l&#8217;albergo<\/em> becomes <em>gli alberghi<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><strong>-co, -go with stress further back<\/strong>: drop the -h-. <em>il medico<\/em> becomes <em>i medici<\/em>, <em>l&#8217;asparago<\/em> becomes <em>gli asparagi<\/em>. There are exceptions in both directions, but the stress rule catches most of them.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><strong>-io with unstressed i<\/strong>: plural is simply -i, not -ii. <em>il negozio<\/em> becomes <em>i negozi<\/em>, <em>il figlio<\/em> becomes <em>i figli<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><strong>-io with stressed i<\/strong>: the plural keeps both i&#8217;s. <em>lo zio<\/em> becomes <em>gli zii<\/em>, <em>il pendio<\/em> becomes <em>i pendii<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-obs2-38288\">\n\n<p>&#x1F50D; <strong>When in doubt, say the word out loud.<\/strong> <em>If you hear a soft c in the singular (amico) and want it soft in the plural too, keep it soft: amici. If you hear a hard c (banca) and want it hard, add the h: banche.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-ne-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"nouns-in-e\">Nouns ending in -e: is it lui or lei?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nouns in -e come in both genders, and the ending itself gives you no clue. You learn them one by one, ideally with the article welded to the noun in your memory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>il padre<\/em>, the father; <em>la madre<\/em>, the mother.<br><em>Family words, clear gender from meaning.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>il dente<\/em>, the tooth (m); <em>la mente<\/em>, the mind (f).<br><em>Same ending, different gender, no logic to decode.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>il ponte<\/em>, the bridge (m); <em>la notte<\/em>, the night (f).<br><em>Memorise as a pair to keep them straight.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Some -e nouns name professions and switch gender with the person: <em>il cantante \/ la cantante<\/em> (the singer), <em>il dirigente \/ la dirigente<\/em> (the manager). Here the article does all the work, because the noun itself does not change.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-in-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"invariable-nouns\">Invariable nouns: foreign words, accents, consonants<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A whole chunk of the Italian lexicon never changes form between singular and plural. Only the article and the adjective shift to mark the number.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Accented final vowel<\/strong>: <em>la citt&agrave;<\/em> becomes <em>le citt&agrave;<\/em>, <em>il caff&egrave;<\/em> becomes <em>i caff&egrave;<\/em>, <em>l&#8217;universit&agrave;<\/em> becomes <em>le universit&agrave;<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><strong>Foreign borrowings<\/strong>: <em>il computer<\/em> becomes <em>i computer<\/em>, <em>il bar<\/em> becomes <em>i bar<\/em>, <em>lo sport<\/em> becomes <em>gli sport<\/em>, <em>il film<\/em> becomes <em>i film<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><strong>Words ending in a consonant<\/strong> (almost always borrowings): treated like foreign words, invariable.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><strong>Monosyllabic words<\/strong>: <em>il re<\/em> becomes <em>i re<\/em>, <em>la gru<\/em> becomes <em>le gru<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><strong>Words ending in -i<\/strong>: <em>la crisi<\/em> becomes <em>le crisi<\/em>, <em>l&#8217;analisi<\/em> becomes <em>le analisi<\/em>, <em>la tesi<\/em> becomes <em>le tesi<\/em>. Most of these come from Greek and are feminine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Resist the English urge to add an -s: <em>i film<\/em>, never <em>i films<\/em>. Italian borrows the word but not the English plural.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-gs-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"gender-shortcuts\">Gender shortcuts: -t&agrave;, -zione, -ore, -ista<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When you cannot rely on the last vowel alone, certain suffixes fix the gender for you. Memorise these and you can guess correctly on thousands of unfamiliar nouns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Suffix<\/th><th>Gender<\/th><th>Example<\/th><th>Meaning cue<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>-t&agrave;, -t&ugrave;<\/td><td>f<\/td><td><em>la libert&agrave;<\/em>, <em>la giovent&ugrave;<\/em><\/td><td>abstract qualities, invariable plural<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-zione, -sione<\/td><td>f<\/td><td><em>la stazione<\/em>, <em>la decisione<\/em><\/td><td>actions and results<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-trice<\/td><td>f<\/td><td><em>l&#8217;attrice<\/em>, <em>la direttrice<\/em><\/td><td>feminine of -tore jobs<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-ore<\/td><td>m<\/td><td><em>il dottore<\/em>, <em>il colore<\/em><\/td><td>professions, qualities<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-ema (Greek)<\/td><td>m<\/td><td><em>il problema<\/em>, <em>il tema<\/em><\/td><td>plural in -emi, not -eme<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-ista<\/td><td>m\/f<\/td><td><em>il giornalista<\/em>, <em>la giornalista<\/em><\/td><td>the article picks the gender<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-ismo<\/td><td>m<\/td><td><em>il turismo<\/em>, <em>il socialismo<\/em><\/td><td>doctrines and movements<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The -ema family catches everyone once: <em>il problema<\/em> looks feminine to the English eye, but it is masculine and its plural is <em>i problemi<\/em>. Same for <em>il tema<\/em>, <em>il sistema<\/em>, <em>il poema<\/em>, <em>il teorema<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-mg-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"mobile-gender\">Mobile gender: fratello\/sorella, attore\/attrice<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Many nouns describing people have both a masculine and a feminine form. Some pairs swap the root entirely, others just swap the ending.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>il fratello \/ la sorella<\/em> (brother \/ sister): different roots.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>il padre \/ la madre<\/em> (father \/ mother): different roots.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>il re \/ la regina<\/em> (king \/ queen): different roots.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>lo studente \/ la studentessa<\/em>: -e to -essa for a small set.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>il dottore \/ la dottoressa<\/em>: same -essa pattern.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>l&#8217;attore \/ l&#8217;attrice<\/em>: -tore to -trice for jobs.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>il cameriere \/ la cameriera<\/em>: -iere to -iera.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>lo scrittore \/ la scrittrice<\/em>: -tore to -trice again.<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>il cantante \/ la cantante<\/em>: one form for both, article decides.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For professions, Italian is still catching up with gender-inclusive usage. <em>La ministra<\/em>, <em>la sindaca<\/em>, and <em>la ingegnera<\/em> are now standard in most news outlets even though older speakers still say <em>la ministro<\/em>. If you are unsure, look up the official usage in Treccani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-pc-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"plurals-change-meaning\">Plurals that change meaning: il braccio vs le braccia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A small but stubborn group of nouns has two plurals with different meanings. The masculine plural in -i refers to the object, usually in a figurative sense. The feminine plural in -a refers to the natural, paired or collective version.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Singular (m)<\/th><th>Plural in -i (m)<\/th><th>Plural in -a (f)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><em>il braccio<\/em><\/td><td><em>i bracci<\/em> (arms of a machine, a river)<\/td><td><em>le braccia<\/em> (arms of the body)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>il dito<\/em><\/td><td><em>i diti<\/em> (fingers seen separately)<\/td><td><em>le dita<\/em> (the fingers together)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>il labbro<\/em><\/td><td><em>i labbri<\/em> (edges of a wound)<\/td><td><em>le labbra<\/em> (the lips)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>l&#8217;uovo<\/em><\/td><td>and<\/td><td><em>le uova<\/em> (the eggs)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>il paio<\/em><\/td><td>and<\/td><td><em>le paia<\/em> (the pairs)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>On top of that, two words need no rule, only memory: <em>l&#8217;uomo<\/em> becomes <em>gli uomini<\/em> (the man, the men), and <em>il dio<\/em> becomes <em>gli dei<\/em> (the god, the gods). Learn them as one-offs and move on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-dl-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"dialog-bookshop\">At the bookshop: Elena and Jake hunt for the right plural<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-dialog-38288\">\n\n<p>Elena (&#x1F469;&#x1F3FB; bookseller, from Bologna) is helping Jake (&#x1F468;&#x1F3FC; exchange student, from Dublin) find a grammar book. He has been mangling plurals for a week.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#x1F468;&#x1F3FC; Jake: Ciao Elena, cerco un libro sulle &#8220;plurali italiane&#8221;.<br><em>Hi Elena, I&#8217;m looking for a book about &#8220;Italian plurals&#8221;.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li>&#x1F469;&#x1F3FB; Elena: <em>I plurali<\/em>, al maschile. <em>Il plurale<\/em> &egrave; maschile in italiano.<br><em>&#8220;I plurali&#8221;, masculine. &#8220;Il plurale&#8221; is masculine in Italian.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li>&#x1F468;&#x1F3FC; Jake: Vero, scusa. Ho comprato due camicia nuove ieri e mi hanno corretto tre volte.<br><em>Right, sorry. I bought two new shirts yesterday and they corrected me three times.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li>&#x1F469;&#x1F3FB; Elena: <em>Due camicie<\/em>. Femminile in -a, plurale in -e, e la i resta perch&eacute; prima c&#8217;&egrave; una consonante.<br><em>&#8220;Due camicie&#8221;. Feminine in -a, plural in -e, and the i stays because a consonant comes before.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li>&#x1F468;&#x1F3FC; Jake: Ok. E le amicie? O le amiche?<br><em>Ok. And le amicie? Or le amiche?<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li>&#x1F469;&#x1F3FB; Elena: <em>Le amiche<\/em>, con la h. Serve per tenere il suono duro della c.<br><em>&#8220;Le amiche&#8221;, with the h. It keeps the hard c sound.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li>&#x1F468;&#x1F3FC; Jake: E questo libro parla anche de &#8220;le problemi&#8221;?<br><em>Does this book also cover &#8220;le problemi&#8221;?<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li>&#x1F469;&#x1F3FB; Elena: <em>I problemi<\/em>, Jake. <em>Il problema<\/em> &egrave; maschile, viene dal greco.<br><em>&#8220;I problemi&#8221;, Jake. &#8220;Il problema&#8221; is masculine, it comes from Greek.<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li>&#x1F468;&#x1F3FC; Jake: Ogni regola ha un tranello!<br><em>Every rule has a trap!<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n<li>&#x1F469;&#x1F3FB; Elena: Hai due mani, dieci dita, un cervello e tanta pazienza. Ce la fai.<br><em>You have two hands, ten fingers, one brain and plenty of patience. You&#8217;ll get there.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-cs-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"cheat-sheet\">Italian nouns cheat sheet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Ending<\/th><th>Default gender<\/th><th>Plural<\/th><th>Watch out<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>-o<\/td><td>m<\/td><td>-i<\/td><td>-co\/-go stress, -io stressed i<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-a<\/td><td>f<\/td><td>-e<\/td><td>-ca\/-ga add h, -cia\/-gia i-drop<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-e<\/td><td>m or f<\/td><td>-i<\/td><td>gender must be memorised<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-&agrave;, -&ugrave;<\/td><td>f<\/td><td>invariable<\/td><td>abstract qualities<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-zione, -sione<\/td><td>f<\/td><td>-zioni, -sioni<\/td><td>almost never exceptions<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-ore<\/td><td>m<\/td><td>-ori<\/td><td>feminine partner in -trice<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-ema (Greek)<\/td><td>m<\/td><td>-emi<\/td><td><em>problema<\/em> becomes <em>problemi<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>-ista<\/td><td>m\/f<\/td><td>-isti \/ -iste<\/td><td>article does the work<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>consonant \/ foreign<\/td><td>usually m<\/td><td>invariable<\/td><td>no English -s<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-cm-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"common-mistakes\">Common mistakes to avoid<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Adding an -s to foreign words: <em>i computer<\/em>, not <em>i computers<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Treating <em>problema<\/em>, <em>tema<\/em>, <em>sistema<\/em> as feminine: they are masculine, plural in -i.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Forgetting the -h- in <em>amiche<\/em>, <em>banche<\/em>, <em>colleghe<\/em>: the hard sound has to be written.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Pluralising <em>citt&agrave;<\/em>, <em>caff&egrave;<\/em>, <em>universit&agrave;<\/em>: they do not change, only the article shifts to <em>le<\/em> or <em>i<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Saying <em>le uomini<\/em>: it is <em>gli uomini<\/em>. Irregular on both gender and plural.<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Skipping <em>le braccia \/ i bracci<\/em>: the gender flip in the plural changes the meaning, and readers will notice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-ms-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"mini-sfida\">&#x1F3AF; Mini-sfida: six plurals to nail<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Turn each singular noun into its plural. Try it out loud before peeking at the answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>la banca<\/em> ?<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>il medico<\/em> ?<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>lo zio<\/em> ?<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>il problema<\/em> ?<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>la citt&agrave;<\/em> ?<\/li>\n\n\n<li><em>il braccio<\/em> (of the body) ?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<details><summary><strong>Show the answers<\/strong><\/summary><ol><li><em>le banche<\/em> (add h for hard c).<\/li><li><em>i medici<\/em> (stress further back, no h).<\/li><li><em>gli zii<\/em> (stressed i, double i in the plural).<\/li><li><em>i problemi<\/em> (masculine -ema noun).<\/li><li><em>le citt&agrave;<\/em> (accented final vowel, invariable).<\/li><li><em>le braccia<\/em> (body parts take the feminine plural).<\/li><\/ol><\/details>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-kl-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"keep-learning\">Keep learning with Milano A2-B1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-p38288-milano-wrap\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-p38288-milano-grid\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-p38288-milano-left\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-p38288-milano-left\">\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-p38288-milano-title gb-headline-text\">Milano<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-medium-font-size\" style=\"color:#597e4d\"><strong>Italian group course on Zoom<\/strong><br>Level A2 &#8211; B1<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/milano-no-sfondo.webp\" alt=\"Milano Group Course on Zoom\" class=\"wp-image-30995\" style=\"width:200px;height:auto\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-p38288-milano-right\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-p38288-milano-right\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:600\">Beyond the basics, into real Italian.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Milano is our structured small-group course for learners moving from beginner to intermediate. 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Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> A <strong>10-Lesson Package<\/strong> gives you ten focused 55-minute sessions with a native teacher, at your own pace.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#7b2d8b; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">10-Lesson Package<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">One-to-one<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vacanze.webp\" alt=\"10-Lesson Package\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Any level<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">55-minute one-to-one session on Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Your personal native teacher<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Interactive online materials<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=8\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#7b2d8b; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Get the 10-Lesson Package &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Coraggio: un passo alla volta.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#ab2227; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 41 to 65%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #fde2e2, #ab2227); width:53%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Solid base. Let&#8217;s build on it.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> A <strong>weekly 1:1 lesson<\/strong> gives you the rhythm and the personalised feedback to turn what you know into what you say automatically.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#ab2227; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Weekly 1:1<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">One-to-one<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vacanze.webp\" alt=\"Weekly 1:1\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Any level<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">55-minute one-to-one session on Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Your personal native teacher<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Interactive online materials<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=4\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#ab2227; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Book a Weekly 1:1 lesson &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Avanti tutta!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#b8860b; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 66 to 85%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #faecc4, #b8860b); width:75%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Great work. You&#8217;re ready for the group.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> In the <strong>Milano small-group course (A2-B1)<\/strong> you&#8217;ll move from solid grammar to live conversation.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#b8860b; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Milano group<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">A2-B1<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/milano-no-sfondo.webp\" alt=\"Milano group\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Small groups, max 4 students<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Weekly live Zoom sessions<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Grammar, vocabulary, listening, writing<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=7\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#b8860b; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Join the Milano group &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Ci vediamo in classe!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#2d6a4f; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 86 to 100%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #cce5d5, #2d6a4f); width:93%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Bravissimo! You nailed it.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> Step into the <strong>Milano small-group course (A2-B1)<\/strong> to turn accurate Italian into fluent Italian.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#2d6a4f; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Milano group<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">A2-B1<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/milano-no-sfondo.webp\" alt=\"Milano group\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Small groups, max 4 students<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Weekly live Zoom sessions<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Grammar, vocabulary, listening, writing<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=7\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#2d6a4f; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Join the Milano group &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">A presto su Zoom!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div style=\"margin: 10px 0px;\">\n                                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewDiv\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewQuestion\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                            <li>2<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewLegend\">\n                <ol>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #6CA54C;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Answered<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #FFB800;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Review<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"review\" value=\"Review question\"\n                           class=\"wpProQuiz_button2\" style=\"float: left; display: block;\">\n                                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_quizAnker\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_quiz\">\n            <ol class=\"wpProQuiz_list\">\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>1<\/span> of <span>2<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>1<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h3 style=\"text-align:center;\">Italian nouns: gender, plural and the seven traps<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Setting.<\/strong> Marta e Tobia sono fratello e sorella e vivono a Vicenza. Il sabato mattina vanno insieme al mercatino delle pulci in Piazza dei Signori: orologi vecchi, libri illustrati, dischi in vinile, vestiti d&#8217;epoca. Mentre frugano fra i banchi, parlano di articoli, generi e plurali.<\/p>\n<p><em>Marta and Tobia are brother and sister and live in Vicenza. On Saturday mornings they go together to the flea market in Piazza dei Signori: old watches, illustrated books, vinyl records, vintage clothes. While they rummage through the stalls, they talk about articles, genders and plurals.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"background:#fff8e1; border-left:4px solid #f0ad4e; padding:10px 14px; margin:0 0 14px; font-size:14px;\">&#9888;&#65039; <strong>If your keyboard doesn&#8217;t have Italian accents<\/strong>, you can type an apostrophe instead &mdash; e.g. <code>citta'<\/code> for <code>citt&agrave;<\/code>, <code>caffe'<\/code> for <code>caff&egrave;<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p><em>Choose the form that fits the rule: the right plural, the right gender, or the invariable form for foreign and accented words.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"6346\"\n                                data-type=\"cloze_answer\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                        <hr\/><ul><li>Al mercatino delle pulci Marta cerca due (orologie, orologio, orologi) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"7\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(orologi)<\/span><\/span> antichi per la sua collezione.<br><br><em>At the flea market Marta is looking for two antique watches for her collection.<\/em><\/li><li>Prima del mercato Tobia incontra due vecchie (amiche, amice, amici) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"6\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(amiche)<\/span><\/span> al bar in Piazza dei Signori.<br><br><em>Before the market Tobia meets two old friends at the bar in Piazza dei Signori.<\/em><\/li><li>Marta sfoglia una vecchia guida illustrata dei (parci, parchi, parche) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"6\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(parchi)<\/span><\/span> nazionali italiani.<br><br><em>Marta leafs through an old illustrated guide of the Italian national parks.<\/em><\/li><li>Vicino al banco dei vinili passano due (medichi, medice, medici) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"6\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(medici)<\/span><\/span> in pausa pranzo.<br><br><em>Near the vinyl stall two doctors pass by on their lunch break.<\/em><\/li><li>Il mercatino occupa la piazza davanti a tre (negozi, negozii, negozie) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"6\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(negozi)<\/span><\/span> di abbigliamento, oggi tutti con la serranda abbassata.<br><br><em>The market takes over the square in front of three clothing shops, today all with their shutters down.<\/em><\/li><li>Marta ricorda a Tobia che i loro (zi, zii, zie maschi) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"3\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(zii)<\/span><\/span> tornano da Bassano la prossima settimana.<br><br><em>Marta reminds Tobia that their uncles are coming back from Bassano next week.<\/em><\/li><li>Tobia compra una vecchia mappa con tutte le (cittade, citt\u00e0, citt\u00e0i) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"6\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(citt\u00e0, citta')<\/span><\/span> del Veneto.<br><br><em>Tobia buys an old map with all the cities of the Veneto region.<\/em><\/li><li>In una scatola da cinque euro Marta trova tre (films, filmi, film) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"4\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(film)<\/span><\/span> in VHS degli anni Novanta.<br><br><em>In a five-euro box Marta finds three films on VHS from the nineties.<\/em><\/li><li>Tobia spiega a sua sorella che (le tradizioni, le tradizione, i tradizioni) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"13\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(le tradizioni)<\/span><\/span> del mercatino durano da cinquant'anni.<br><br><em>Tobia explains to his sister that the market's traditions have lasted for fifty years.<\/em><\/li><li>Davanti al banco dei dischi (la problema, il problema, le problema) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"11\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(il problema)<\/span><\/span> \u00e8 scegliere tra un Battisti e un De Andr\u00e9.<br><br><em>In front of the record stall the problem is choosing between a Battisti and a De Andr\u00e9.<\/em><\/li><li>Sotto la tenda dei vestiti d'epoca lavorano due (uomini, uomi, uomine) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"6\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(uomini)<\/span><\/span> e una signora di Schio.<br><br><em>Under the vintage clothes tent two men and a lady from Schio are working.<\/em><\/li><li>Tobia porta gli scatoloni di Marta con tutte e due le (bracci, bracce, braccia) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"7\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(braccia)<\/span><\/span>, perch\u00e9 lei ha la spalla dolorante.<br><br><em>Tobia carries Marta's boxes with both arms, because her shoulder is sore.<\/em><\/li><\/ul><hr\/>                                    <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>12 out of 12. You have the seven noun rules under control.<\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>Review the noun rules with the twelve correct answers:<\/p>\n<ol style='margin:8px 0 8px 40px;padding-left:8px;'>\n<li><em>due orologi antichi.<\/em> &mdash; <em>il orologio &rarr; gli orologi<\/em>: standard <em>-o &rarr; -i<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>due vecchie amiche.<\/em> &mdash; <em>l&#8217;amica &rarr; le amiche<\/em>: feminine <em>-ca<\/em> adds <em>h<\/em> to keep the hard <em>c<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>dei parchi nazionali.<\/em> &mdash; <em>il parco &rarr; i parchi<\/em>: stress on the penultimate syllable keeps the hard sound with <em>h<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>due medici.<\/em> &mdash; <em>il medico &rarr; i medici<\/em>: stress further back drops the <em>h<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>tre negozi di abbigliamento.<\/em> &mdash; <em>il negozio &rarr; i negozi<\/em>: <em>-io<\/em> with unstressed <em>i<\/em> takes a single <em>-i<\/em> in the plural.<\/li>\n<li><em>i loro zii.<\/em> &mdash; <em>lo zio &rarr; gli zii<\/em>: <em>-io<\/em> with stressed <em>i<\/em> keeps both i&#8217;s.<\/li>\n<li><em>tutte le citt&agrave;.<\/em> &mdash; accented final vowel: invariable, only the article shifts.<\/li>\n<li><em>tre film.<\/em> &mdash; foreign borrowing: invariable, never <em>i films<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>le tradizioni.<\/em> &mdash; <em>-zione &rarr; -zioni<\/em>, always feminine.<\/li>\n<li><em>il problema.<\/em> &mdash; Greek <em>-ema<\/em>, masculine; plural <em>i problemi<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>due uomini.<\/em> &mdash; <em>l&#8217;uomo &rarr; gli uomini<\/em>: irregular stem and ending.<\/li>\n<li><em>tutte e due le braccia.<\/em> &mdash; <em>il braccio<\/em> takes the feminine plural <em>le braccia<\/em> for the body; <em>i bracci<\/em> would mean the arms of a chair or a river.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Glossary.<\/strong> <em>mercatino delle pulci<\/em> = flea market; <em>banco<\/em> = stall, counter; <em>vinili<\/em> = vinyl records; <em>vestiti d&#8217;epoca<\/em> = vintage clothes; <em>scatolone<\/em> = box, crate; <em>Piazza dei Signori<\/em> = main square of Vicenza; <em>Bassano<\/em> = Bassano del Grappa, town near Vicenza; <em>Schio<\/em> = town near Vicenza in the foothills.<\/p>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_tipp\" style=\"display: none; position: relative;\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <h5 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Hint<\/h5>\n                                    <p>Three reflexes that decode most Italian nouns:<\/p>\n<ol style='margin:8px 0 8px 40px;padding-left:8px;'>\n<li><strong>Endings + stress, not English logic<\/strong>: <em>-o<\/em> usually masculine, <em>-a<\/em> usually feminine, <em>-e<\/em> can be either. For <em>-co\/-go<\/em> and <em>-ca\/-ga<\/em>, listen for the hard sound. If you want it hard in the plural, write <em>h<\/em> (<em>amiche, banche, parchi, alberghi<\/em>). If the stress is further back, drop the <em>h<\/em> (<em>medici, asparagi, sindaci<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Invariable nouns never change form<\/strong>: accented final vowel (<em>la citt&agrave; \/ le citt&agrave;<\/em>), foreign words (<em>il film \/ i film<\/em>, never <em>i films<\/em>), and Greek <em>-i<\/em> nouns (<em>la crisi \/ le crisi<\/em>). Only the article shifts to mark the number.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Greek <em>-ema<\/em> nouns are masculine<\/strong>: <em>il problema \/ i problemi<\/em>, <em>il tema \/ i temi<\/em>, <em>il sistema \/ i sistemi<\/em>. The <em>-a<\/em> ending is misleading. And <em>l&#8217;uomo<\/em> goes to <em>gli uomini<\/em>: irregular on both stem and ending.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"tip\" value=\"Hint\"\n                                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton wpProQuiz_TipButton\"\n                                   style=\"float: left !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px !important;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>2<\/span> of <span>2<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>2<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h3 style=\"text-align:center;\">Drag each noun to its real gender<\/h3>\n<p><em>Eight nouns where the ending fools English learners: four masculine in <strong>-a<\/strong>, four feminine in <strong>-o<\/strong>. Match each one with the right column.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_matrixSortString\">\n                                    <h5 class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Sort elements<\/h5>\n                                    <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_sortStringList\">\n                                                                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_sortStringItem\" data-pos=\"0\"\n                                                data-correct=\"0,1,5,7\">\n                                                Maschile                                            <\/li>\n                                                                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_sortStringItem\" data-pos=\"1\"\n                                                data-correct=\"1,0,5,7\">\n                                                Maschile                                            <\/li>\n                                                                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_sortStringItem\" data-pos=\"2\"\n                                                data-correct=\"2,3,4,6\">\n                                                Femminile                                            <\/li>\n                                                                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_sortStringItem\" data-pos=\"3\"\n                                                data-correct=\"3,2,4,6\">\n                                                Femminile                                            <\/li>\n                                                                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_sortStringItem\" data-pos=\"4\"\n                                                data-correct=\"4,2,3,6\">\n                                                Femminile                                            <\/li>\n                                                                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_sortStringItem\" data-pos=\"5\"\n                                                data-correct=\"5,0,1,7\">\n                                                Maschile                                            <\/li>\n                                                                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_sortStringItem\" data-pos=\"6\"\n                                                data-correct=\"6,2,3,4\">\n                                                Femminile                                            <\/li>\n                                                                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_sortStringItem\" data-pos=\"7\"\n                                                data-correct=\"7,0,1,5\">\n                                                Maschile                                            <\/li>\n                                                                            <\/ul>\n                                    <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"6347\"\n                                data-type=\"matrix_sort_answer\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                                        <table>\n                                                            <tbody>\n                                                            <tr class=\"wpProQuiz_mextrixTr\">\n                                                                <td width=\"20%\">\n                                                                    <div\n                                                                        class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortText\">il tema<\/div>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                                <td width=\"80%\">\n                                                                    <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortCriterion\"><\/ul>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                            <\/tr>\n                                                            <\/tbody>\n                                                        <\/table>\n\n                                                                                        <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                                        <table>\n                                                            <tbody>\n                                                            <tr class=\"wpProQuiz_mextrixTr\">\n                                                                <td width=\"20%\">\n                                                                    <div\n                                                                        class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortText\">il pigiama<\/div>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                                <td width=\"80%\">\n                                                                    <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortCriterion\"><\/ul>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                            <\/tr>\n                                                            <\/tbody>\n                                                        <\/table>\n\n                                                                                        <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                                        <table>\n                                                            <tbody>\n                                                            <tr class=\"wpProQuiz_mextrixTr\">\n                                                                <td width=\"20%\">\n                                                                    <div\n                                                                        class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortText\">la mano<\/div>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                                <td width=\"80%\">\n                                                                    <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortCriterion\"><\/ul>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                            <\/tr>\n                                                            <\/tbody>\n                                                        <\/table>\n\n                                                                                        <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                                        <table>\n                                                            <tbody>\n                                                            <tr class=\"wpProQuiz_mextrixTr\">\n                                                                <td width=\"20%\">\n                                                                    <div\n                                                                        class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortText\">la foto<\/div>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                                <td width=\"80%\">\n                                                                    <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortCriterion\"><\/ul>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                            <\/tr>\n                                                            <\/tbody>\n                                                        <\/table>\n\n                                                                                        <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"4\">\n\n                                                                                                                                                        <table>\n                                                            <tbody>\n                                                            <tr class=\"wpProQuiz_mextrixTr\">\n                                                                <td width=\"20%\">\n                                                                    <div\n                                                                        class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortText\">la moto<\/div>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                                <td width=\"80%\">\n                                                                    <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortCriterion\"><\/ul>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                            <\/tr>\n                                                            <\/tbody>\n                                                        <\/table>\n\n                                                                                        <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"5\">\n\n                                                                                                                                                        <table>\n                                                            <tbody>\n                                                            <tr class=\"wpProQuiz_mextrixTr\">\n                                                                <td width=\"20%\">\n                                                                    <div\n                                                                        class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortText\">il cinema<\/div>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                                <td width=\"80%\">\n                                                                    <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortCriterion\"><\/ul>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                            <\/tr>\n                                                            <\/tbody>\n                                                        <\/table>\n\n                                                                                        <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"6\">\n\n                                                                                                                                                        <table>\n                                                            <tbody>\n                                                            <tr class=\"wpProQuiz_mextrixTr\">\n                                                                <td width=\"20%\">\n                                                                    <div\n                                                                        class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortText\">la radio<\/div>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                                <td width=\"80%\">\n                                                                    <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortCriterion\"><\/ul>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                            <\/tr>\n                                                            <\/tbody>\n                                                        <\/table>\n\n                                                                                        <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"7\">\n\n                                                                                                                                                        <table>\n                                                            <tbody>\n                                                            <tr class=\"wpProQuiz_mextrixTr\">\n                                                                <td width=\"20%\">\n                                                                    <div\n                                                                        class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortText\">il problema<\/div>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                                <td width=\"80%\">\n                                                                    <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_maxtrixSortCriterion\"><\/ul>\n                                                                <\/td>\n                                                            <\/tr>\n                                                            <\/tbody>\n                                                        <\/table>\n\n                                                                                        <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>All eight matched. The four Greek and shortened masculines (<em>problema, tema, cinema, pigiama<\/em>) and the four feminine in <em>-o<\/em> (<em>mano, radio, foto, moto<\/em>) are the classic English-learner trap.<\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>The eight gender tags:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin:8px 0 8px 40px;padding-left:8px;\">\n<li><em>il problema<\/em> &rarr; <strong>Maschile<\/strong> &mdash; Greek <em>-ema<\/em>, plural <em>i problemi<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>il tema<\/em> &rarr; <strong>Maschile<\/strong> &mdash; Greek <em>-ema<\/em>, plural <em>i temi<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>il cinema<\/em> &rarr; <strong>Maschile<\/strong> &mdash; short for <em>cinematografo<\/em>, invariable plural <em>i cinema<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>il pigiama<\/em> &rarr; <strong>Maschile<\/strong> &mdash; from Persian via Hindi, plural <em>i pigiami<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>la mano<\/em> &rarr; <strong>Femminile<\/strong> &mdash; feminine in <em>-o<\/em>, plural <em>le mani<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>la radio<\/em> &rarr; <strong>Femminile<\/strong> &mdash; short for <em>radiotelefonia<\/em>, invariable plural <em>le radio<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>la foto<\/em> &rarr; <strong>Femminile<\/strong> &mdash; short for <em>fotografia<\/em>, invariable plural <em>le foto<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>la moto<\/em> &rarr; <strong>Femminile<\/strong> &mdash; short for <em>motocicletta<\/em>, invariable plural <em>le moto<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_tipp\" style=\"display: none; position: relative;\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <h5 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Hint<\/h5>\n                                    <p>Eight nouns where the ending lies about the gender. Tag each one by its real gender:<\/p>\n<ul style='margin:8px 0 8px 40px;padding-left:8px;'>\n<li><strong>Maschile in -a<\/strong>: Greek <em>-ema<\/em> nouns (<em>il problema, il tema, il sistema, il poema<\/em>), plus <em>il cinema<\/em> and <em>il pigiama<\/em>. Plural <em>i problemi, i temi, i cinema<\/em> (invariable), <em>i pigiami<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Femminile in -o<\/strong>: a small but stubborn family of feminine nouns that end in <em>-o<\/em>. <em>La mano<\/em> (plural <em>le mani<\/em>) and the shortened nouns <em>la radio<\/em> (radiotelefonia), <em>la foto<\/em> (fotografia), <em>la moto<\/em> (motocicletta) &mdash; all invariable in the plural.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"tip\" value=\"Hint\"\n                                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton wpProQuiz_TipButton\"\n                                   style=\"float: left !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px !important;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                            <\/ol>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                <script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n            window.wpProQuizInitList = window.wpProQuizInitList || [];\n\n            window.wpProQuizInitList.push({\n                id: '#wpProQuiz_215',\n                init: {\n                    quizId: 215,\n                    mode: 2,\n                    globalPoints: 20,\n                    timelimit: 0,\n                    resultsGrade: [0,41,66,86],\n                    bo: 7560,\n                    qpp: 0,\n                    catPoints: {\"138\":12,\"139\":8},\n                    formPos: 0,\n                    lbn: \"Finish quiz\",\n                    json: {\"6346\":{\"type\":\"cloze_answer\",\"id\":6346,\"catId\":138,\"points\":[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],\"correct\":[[\"orologi\"],[\"amiche\"],[\"parchi\"],[\"medici\"],[\"negozi\"],[\"zii\"],[\"citt\\u00e0\",\"citta'\"],[\"film\"],[\"le tradizioni\"],[\"il problema\"],[\"uomini\"],[\"braccia\"]]},\"6347\":{\"type\":\"matrix_sort_answer\",\"id\":6347,\"catId\":139,\"points\":[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],\"correct\":[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]}}                }\n            });\n        <\/script>\n        \n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-faq-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-a\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Why is problema masculine if it ends in -a?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Because it comes from Greek. Italian kept a small family of -ema and -ma nouns (problema, tema, sistema, poema, teorema, programma, diploma) as masculine, with plural in -i. The article and adjective still take the masculine form: il problema grande, i problemi grandi.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-b\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">How do I know the plural of words ending in -co or -go?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Check where the stress falls. If the stress is on the second-to-last syllable (gioco, albergo), keep the hard sound: giochi, alberghi. If the stress is further back (medico, asparago), drop the h: medici, asparagi. There are exceptions, but the stress test catches most cases.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-c\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Do Italian foreign words take an -s in the plural?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>No. Italian borrows the singular form and keeps it for the plural. One film, two film. One computer, two computer. Only the article shifts: il bar, i bar. Writing i films or two computers is an anglicism that teachers will mark.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-d\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What is the plural of uomo?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Uomini. It is irregular: the stem changes and the ending moves from -o to -ini. The same happens with dio, plural dei. These two are the classic one-offs you memorise on day one and never question again.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-e\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Why does le braccia end in -a if it is plural?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>A small group of body-part nouns has a double plural. The masculine il braccio (the arm) takes two different plurals: le braccia (feminine, for the arms of the body) and i bracci (masculine, for the arms of a river, a chair, a machine). The feminine plural is the Latin neuter plural, kept alive only in these words.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-f\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Is citta always feminine?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Yes. All nouns ending in an accented final vowel are feminine and invariable: la citta, le citta; la liberta, le liberta; la verita, le verita. The gender is locked, the form never changes, only the article marks the number.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-g\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">How should I memorise the gender of -e nouns?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Learn them in a three-word chunk: article plus noun plus a short example. Il fiore rosso, la chiave nuova, il ponte lungo, la notte buia. The article and the adjective give your memory two anchor points instead of one. Flashcards with a sample sentence beat bare lists every time.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-rel-38288 gb-headline-text\" id=\"related-guides\">Related guides<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-partitive-articles\/\">Italian Partitive Articles: del, dello, della, dei, degli, delle<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-compound-prepositions\/\">Italian Compound Prepositions: del, al, dallo, nella, sui<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-adjectives-to-nouns-learn-basic-prefixes-quiz\/\">Turn Italian Adjectives into Nouns: basic suffixes<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-demonstratives\/\">Italian Demonstratives: questo, quello, ci&ograve; and stesso<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-piacere\/\">Italian Piacere: Why It Works Upside-Down<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#x1F50D; Cosa impareremo oggi Italian nouns, i sostantivi, are the scaffolding of every sentence. Get them right and the articles, the adjectives, the pronouns, and the past participles all fall into line. Get them wrong and the whole phrase wobbles, even when every other word is correct. This guide walks through the rules that carry &#8230; <a title=\"Italian Nouns: 7 Rules for Gender and Plurals (A2-B1)\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-nouns\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Italian Nouns: 7 Rules for Gender and Plurals (A2-B1)\">Read more \u226b<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10020,"featured_media":38309,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1864],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38288","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a2","no-featured-image-padding","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38288","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10020"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38288"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38288\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59556,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38288\/revisions\/59556"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38309"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38288"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38288"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38288"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}