{"id":27023,"date":"2019-09-03T02:24:36","date_gmt":"2019-09-02T17:24:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/?p=27023"},"modified":"2026-06-04T02:48:31","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T17:48:31","slug":"italian-pronominal-verbs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-pronominal-verbs\/","title":{"rendered":"Italian Pronominal Verbs: Andarsene, Fregarsene, Farcela (B1\/B2)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong>In short.<\/strong> The <strong>italian pronominal verbs<\/strong> are verbs that fuse with one or more unstressed pronouns (<em>si, ne, la, ci, ce, se<\/em>) to form a single lexical unit with its own idiomatic meaning. The base verb <em>andare<\/em> means &#8220;to go&#8221;; the pronominal <em>andarsene<\/em> means &#8220;to leave, to clear off&#8221;. <em>Fregare<\/em> means &#8220;to rub&#8221; or &#8220;to swindle&#8221;; <em>fregarsene<\/em> means &#8220;to not give a damn&#8221;. The italian pronominal verbs split into five recognisable families: the <em>-si<\/em> reflexives that change meaning (<em>arrabbiarsi, pentirsi<\/em>), the <em>-sene<\/em> family of departure and indifference (<em>andarsene, fregarsene, infischiarsene<\/em>), the <em>-la<\/em> family of idiomatic outcomes (<em>farcela, smetterla, cavarsela<\/em>), the <em>-cela<\/em> family with double clitics (<em>avercela, farcela<\/em>), and a small group with <em>ne<\/em> alone (<em>non poterne pi\u00f9, intendersene<\/em>). This B1\/B2 guide covers the conjugation patterns, the past-participle agreement rules, the position of the clitics with modals, the imperative forms, and a Trieste newsroom dialogue.<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-toc-pv\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cosa impareremo oggi<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc46\ud83c\udffb Jump to section<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#what\">What the italian pronominal verbs are<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#five-families\">The five families of italian pronominal verbs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#sene\">The -sene family: andarsene, starsene, tornarsene<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#fregarsene\">Fregarsene and infischiarsene: not caring<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ne-alone\">With ne alone: non poterne pi\u00f9, intendersene<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#la-cela\">The -la and -cela families in one glance<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#conjugation\">Conjugation with double clitics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#participle\">Past participle agreement<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#modals\">Position of clitics with modal verbs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#imperative\">The imperative: vattene, andiamocene, fregatene<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#register\">Register and where to use them<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#cheat-sheet\">Cheat sheet of the italian pronominal verbs<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#dialogue\">Dialogue in a Trieste newsroom<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#mini-challenge\">Mini-challenge<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#related\">Related guides<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#quiz\">Quiz<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what\">What the italian pronominal verbs are<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Walk into any Trieste bar at half past seven and you will hear the italian pronominal verbs within thirty seconds: <em>me ne vado<\/em>, <em>non ce la faccio pi\u00f9<\/em>, <em>chi se ne frega<\/em>, <em>non se ne intende<\/em>. The italian pronominal verbs are the workhorses of spoken Italian, the small verbs that carry one or two pronouns glued onto the end and mean something different from the base verb. The dictionary lists them as separate entries: <em>andare<\/em> on one line, <em>andarsene<\/em> on the next.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The defining feature of the italian pronominal verbs is that the clitic pronoun is not an optional add-on but part of the verb itself. You cannot drop the <em>si<\/em> from <em>pentirsi<\/em>; you cannot drop the <em>ne<\/em> from <em>fregarsene<\/em>; you cannot drop the <em>la<\/em> from <em>farcela<\/em>. In the italian pronominal verbs the pronouns travel everywhere the verb goes, in every tense, in every person. And in many cases the pronoun once referred to something concrete (a place, a thing, &#8220;of it&#8221;) but has now fossilised into pure idiom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Italian grammars treat the italian pronominal verbs as a single broad category that gathers five overlapping subtypes. The Treccani entry on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.treccani.it\/vocabolario\/pronominale\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">verbi pronominali<\/a> lists them all together because they share the same grammatical fingerprint: a clitic pronoun that is obligatory and that may force its own agreement on the past participle. This guide walks through each family with concrete examples, then dives into the trickiest pieces: double clitics, modal-verb position, and the imperative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"five-families\">The five families of italian pronominal verbs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before drilling into the conjugation, it helps to see the whole map. The italian pronominal verbs cluster into five recognisable families, each with its own clitic signature and its own typical meaning.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The -si reflexives that change meaning<\/strong>: <em>pentirsi<\/em> (to repent), <em>arrabbiarsi<\/em> (to get angry), <em>vergognarsi<\/em> (to be ashamed), <em>ribellarsi<\/em> (to rebel), <em>arrendersi<\/em> (to surrender), <em>imbattersi<\/em> (to bump into), <em>impadronirsi di<\/em> (to take over). The <em>si<\/em> is mandatory and does not point back to a real reflexive action.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The -sene family of departure and indifference<\/strong>: <em>andarsene<\/em> (to leave), <em>starsene<\/em> (to stay put), <em>tornarsene<\/em> (to head back), <em>venirsene<\/em> (to come along), <em>restarsene<\/em> (to remain), <em>fregarsene<\/em> (to not give a damn), <em>infischiarsene<\/em> (to not care, dated).<\/li>\n<li><strong>The -la family with feminine clitic<\/strong>: <em>farcela<\/em> (to manage), <em>smetterla<\/em> (to stop it), <em>cavarsela<\/em> (to get by), <em>sentirsela<\/em> (to feel up to), <em>prendersela<\/em> (to take offence), <em>godersela<\/em> (to enjoy oneself). Covered in detail in the companion guide on <a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-la-idioms\/\">italian la idioms<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The -cela family with double clitics<\/strong>: <em>avercela con qualcuno<\/em> (to hold a grudge against someone), <em>farcela<\/em> (to manage, also lives here because of <em>ce<\/em>). Both combine <em>ce<\/em> (locative) with <em>la<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>With ne alone<\/strong>: <em>non poterne pi\u00f9<\/em> (to have had enough), <em>intendersene di<\/em> (to be an expert in), <em>volerne a qualcuno<\/em> (to bear a grudge), <em>averne abbastanza<\/em> (to have had enough).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The boundaries between families of italian pronominal verbs are porous. <em>Fregarsene<\/em> sits in the <em>-sene<\/em> group by clitic shape, but its meaning is closer to the indifference verbs than to the departure ones. <em>Farcela<\/em> is a <em>-la<\/em> idiom but also a <em>-cela<\/em> one. What matters is not the taxonomy itself but the recognition that these verbs are units, not assemblies you can take apart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sene\">The -sene family: andarsene, starsene, tornarsene<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The most distinctively Italian of all the italian pronominal verbs are the <em>-sene<\/em> verbs of movement. They take a base verb of position or motion and add the double clitic <em>se + ne<\/em>. The result is a verb that focuses not on the action itself but on the speaker&#8217;s relationship to leaving, staying, or returning. <em>Andare a casa<\/em> is a neutral statement of destination; <em>andarsene a casa<\/em> puts the spotlight on the departure: I am out of here, I have had enough.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Me ne vado dalla redazione alle sette in punto. <em>I&#8217;m leaving the newsroom at seven sharp.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Beatrice se ne va sempre per ultima dall&#8217;ufficio. <em>Beatrice always leaves the office last.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ce ne andiamo prima che cominci il temporale. <em>We&#8217;re leaving before the storm starts.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Stefano se ne sta in silenzio quando il caporedattore alza la voce. <em>Stefano stays quiet when the editor-in-chief raises his voice.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Me ne torno a Trieste sabato mattina. <em>I&#8217;m heading back to Trieste on Saturday morning.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Vattene via, non ho tempo per le tue scuse. <em>Get out of here, I don&#8217;t have time for your excuses.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The italian pronominal verbs include some that are worth a closer look, and <em>starsene<\/em> is a good example. <em>Stare<\/em> on its own means &#8220;to stay&#8221; or &#8220;to be&#8221; in a state. <em>Starsene<\/em> adds a flavour of stubbornness or quiet withdrawal: <em>se ne sta in disparte<\/em> means &#8220;she keeps to herself, off in a corner&#8221;. The <em>se ne<\/em> here translates roughly as &#8220;to oneself, away from the action&#8221;. You hear it in Italian phrases like <em>hanno approfittato del suo starsene assorta sulla tela per squagliarsela<\/em>, which means &#8220;they took advantage of her being absorbed in the canvas to slip away&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The italian pronominal verbs in the <em>-sene<\/em> family always conjugate with <em>essere<\/em> as auxiliary in compound tenses, because the base verbs (<em>andare, stare, tornare, venire, restare<\/em>) all take <em>essere<\/em> on their own. The past participle agrees with the subject in gender and number: <em>Beatrice se n&#8217;\u00e8 andata<\/em>, <em>Stefano se n&#8217;\u00e8 andato<\/em>, <em>Beatrice e Ilaria se ne sono andate<\/em>. The <em>ne<\/em> does not trigger any extra agreement here, because in this construction <em>ne<\/em> is part of the lexical idiom, not a quantitative pronoun.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-task-pv-1\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-challenge:<\/strong> Fill in the right form of the italian pronominal verbs <em>andarsene<\/em> or <em>starsene<\/em>.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ieri sera Beatrice ____ dalla cena alle dieci, era stanchissima.<\/li>\n<li>Quando il capo grida, Stefano ____ zitto e lavora.<\/li>\n<li>____ via, per favore, ho bisogno di concentrarmi.<\/li>\n<li>Domani ____ a Trieste a trovare mia madre.<\/li>\n<li>I colleghi ____ gi\u00e0 a casa, in redazione siamo rimasti in due.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>\ud83d\udc49 Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1. <strong>se n&#8217;\u00e8 andata<\/strong> (passato prossimo, essere + agreement feminine)<\/p>\n<p>2. <strong>se ne sta<\/strong> (presente, 3 sing)<\/p>\n<p>3. <strong>Vattene<\/strong> (imperativo tu, clitici attaccati)<\/p>\n<p>4. <strong>me ne torno<\/strong> (presente, 1 sing, tornarsene)<\/p>\n<p>5. <strong>se ne sono andati<\/strong> (passato prossimo, plurale maschile)<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fregarsene\">Fregarsene and infischiarsene: not caring<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two italian pronominal verbs cover the territory of &#8220;not caring&#8221;, and they pop up in conversation more often than English speakers expect. <em>Fregarsene<\/em> is the everyday workhorse; <em>infischiarsene<\/em> is its older, slightly literary cousin. Both take the structure <em>fregarsene + di + something<\/em>, and both follow the standard <em>-sene<\/em> conjugation pattern: <em>me ne frego, te ne freghi, se ne frega, ce ne freghiamo, ve ne fregate, se ne fregano<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Il direttore se ne frega dei nostri orari, basta che l&#8217;articolo esca per le otto. <em>The director doesn&#8217;t give a damn about our hours, as long as the article goes out by eight.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Beatrice se ne frega delle critiche e va avanti per la sua strada. <em>Beatrice doesn&#8217;t care about criticism and keeps going her own way.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Chi se ne frega se piove, andiamo lo stesso. <em>Who cares if it rains, let&#8217;s go anyway.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Non me ne frega niente di quello che dicono i lettori nei commenti. <em>I don&#8217;t give a damn about what readers say in the comments.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Stefano si infischia delle convenzioni e si presenta in ufficio in maglietta. <em>Stefano ignores conventions and shows up at the office in a T-shirt.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two register notes about these italian pronominal verbs. First, <em>fregarsene<\/em> is mildly vulgar in some contexts but accepted in everyday speech, friendly emails, journalism, even on television. It is not a swear word, but you would not use it in a formal letter to a client. Second, <em>infischiarsene<\/em> is on the way out: most under-forty speakers find it dated and reach instead for <em>fregarsene<\/em>, <em>non importarsene<\/em>, or just <em>non mi interessa<\/em>. The Treccani vocabolario records <em>infischiarsene<\/em> as standard but with a literary flavour, and the WordReference forum discussions confirm the perception that it sounds older than its neighbours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A close cousin among the italian pronominal verbs is <em>importarsene<\/em>, built the same way (<em>me ne importa, non me ne importa<\/em>), meaning &#8220;to care about&#8221;. The negative <em>non me ne importa niente<\/em> is the polite alternative to <em>non me ne frega niente<\/em> in mixed company. Both italian pronominal verbs share the <em>-sene<\/em> shape, both take <em>di + thing<\/em>, both express degrees of caring or not caring, and both work in the same registers depending on which one you pick.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ne-alone\">With ne alone: non poterne pi\u00f9, intendersene<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A small but important group of italian pronominal verbs uses <em>ne<\/em> alone, without <em>se<\/em>. The two most common are <em>non poterne pi\u00f9<\/em> (to have had enough, to not be able to bear it any longer) and <em>intendersene di<\/em> (to be an expert in something, to know one&#8217;s way around a subject). Both are everyday spoken Italian, both attach <em>ne<\/em> as an integral part of the verb, and both follow their own quirks.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Non ne posso pi\u00f9 di queste correzioni infinite. <em>I can&#8217;t take any more of these endless corrections.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Beatrice non ne pu\u00f2 pi\u00f9 del rumore delle stampanti. <em>Beatrice has had enough of the printer noise.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Stefano se ne intende di calcio, ha seguito tre stagioni di Serie A. <em>Stefano knows football well, he has followed three Serie A seasons.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mio nonno se ne intendeva di vini friulani, riconosceva il vitigno al primo sorso. <em>My grandfather knew Friulian wines well, he could spot the grape at the first sip.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Te ne intendi di fotografia? Devo scegliere un obiettivo nuovo. <em>Do you know about photography? I have to pick a new lens.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among the italian pronominal verbs, <em>non poterne pi\u00f9<\/em> is one of the cleanest examples of a fossilised <em>ne<\/em>: nobody can tell you what the <em>ne<\/em> refers to in modern Italian. Treccani notes that the phrase originally meant something like &#8220;I can have no more of it&#8221;, with <em>ne<\/em> as a partitive (&#8220;of it&#8221;), but the meaning has hardened into pure idiom. The verb works with all the standard <em>potere<\/em> persons: <em>non ne posso pi\u00f9, non ne puoi pi\u00f9, non ne pu\u00f2 pi\u00f9, non ne possiamo pi\u00f9, non ne potete pi\u00f9, non ne possono pi\u00f9<\/em>. The <em>ne<\/em> always sits between the negative and the verb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Among the same family of italian pronominal verbs, <em>intendersene<\/em> behaves slightly differently: it follows the reflexive pattern (<em>me ne intendo, te ne intendi, se ne intende<\/em>), and the topic of expertise comes after <em>di<\/em>. The flavour is &#8220;to be a competent connoisseur of&#8221;: you do not use <em>intendersene<\/em> for ordinary knowledge of a subject, but for the kind of taste-and-skill expertise you get from years of practice. A waiter who can recommend the right wine <em>se ne intende<\/em>; a passenger who knows the wine list by heart <em>conosce il menu<\/em>, which is not the same thing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"la-cela\">The -la and -cela families in one glance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The italian pronominal verbs that carry the feminine clitic <em>la<\/em> are covered in depth in the companion piece on <a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-la-idioms\/\">italian la idioms<\/a>, so this section is a quick orientation rather than a deep dive. The key insight: when <em>la<\/em> attaches to a verb in this idiomatic way, it stands for an unspecified <em>una cosa<\/em> (a thing, a situation), and the past participle in compound tenses agrees with <em>la<\/em> in the feminine singular, regardless of who is speaking.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ce l&#8217;ho fatta a chiudere l&#8217;articolo prima della deadline. <em>I managed to close the article before the deadline.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Beatrice se l&#8217;\u00e8 cavata bene con quell&#8217;intervista difficile. <em>Beatrice got through that difficult interview well.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Smettila di guardare il telefono mentre ti parlo. <em>Stop looking at your phone while I&#8217;m talking to you.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Non te la prendere, era solo una battuta. <em>Don&#8217;t take it the wrong way, it was just a joke.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Stefano ce l&#8217;ha con il caporedattore da settimane. <em>Stefano has been holding a grudge against the editor-in-chief for weeks.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <em>-cela<\/em> sub-family of italian pronominal verbs combines two clitics: the locative <em>ce<\/em> (originally a marker of &#8220;there&#8221; or &#8220;to it&#8221;) and the feminine <em>la<\/em>. Two verbs dominate: <em>farcela<\/em> (&#8220;to manage&#8221;, &#8220;to succeed&#8221;) and <em>avercela con qualcuno<\/em> (&#8220;to hold a grudge against someone&#8221;). The double clitic stays together in every position: <em>ce la faccio, ce l&#8217;ho fatta, ce la far\u00f2, fammi vedere se ce la fai<\/em>. The <em>ce<\/em> never travels alone; the <em>la<\/em> never travels alone; they are welded together as <em>cela<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conjugation\">Conjugation with double clitics<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The mechanics of the double clitics in italian pronominal verbs follow a strict sequence. When a reflexive pronoun (<em>mi, ti, si, ci, vi, si<\/em>) meets the partitive <em>ne<\/em>, the reflexive shifts its vowel to <em>e<\/em>: <em>mi + ne \u2192 me ne<\/em>, <em>ti + ne \u2192 te ne<\/em>, <em>si + ne \u2192 se ne<\/em>, <em>ci + ne \u2192 ce ne<\/em>, <em>vi + ne \u2192 ve ne<\/em>. Same shift happens with <em>la<\/em>: <em>mi + la \u2192 me la<\/em>, and so on. The reason is purely phonetic, but the rule is mandatory and there are no exceptions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead><tr><th>Person<\/th><th>Andarsene<\/th><th>Fregarsene<\/th><th>Farcela<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>io<\/td><td>me ne vado<\/td><td>me ne frego<\/td><td>ce la faccio<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>tu<\/td><td>te ne vai<\/td><td>te ne freghi<\/td><td>ce la fai<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>lui \/ lei<\/td><td>se ne va<\/td><td>se ne frega<\/td><td>ce la fa<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>noi<\/td><td>ce ne andiamo<\/td><td>ce ne freghiamo<\/td><td>ce la facciamo<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>voi<\/td><td>ve ne andate<\/td><td>ve ne fregate<\/td><td>ce la fate<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>loro<\/td><td>se ne vanno<\/td><td>se ne fregano<\/td><td>ce la fanno<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The italian pronominal verbs that use <em>ce<\/em> (like <em>farcela<\/em>, <em>avercela<\/em>) keep <em>ce<\/em> stable through all persons because <em>ce<\/em> is not a reflexive shifting with the subject: it is a fixed lexical clitic. So <em>farcela<\/em> is <em>ce la faccio<\/em> in the first person and <em>ce la fanno<\/em> in the third plural, and the <em>ce<\/em> never becomes <em>me<\/em> or <em>se<\/em>. This is one of the small details that catches learners: the <em>se<\/em> of <em>se ne va<\/em> shifts with the subject, but the <em>ce<\/em> of <em>ce la fa<\/em> never moves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"participle\">Past participle agreement<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Compound tenses are where the italian pronominal verbs reveal their true colours. Two rules govern the past participle of italian pronominal verbs, depending on which family the verb belongs to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Rule one, for the -sene italian pronominal verbs of movement<\/strong>. They take <em>essere<\/em> as auxiliary (because the base verb does) and the past participle agrees with the subject in gender and number. <em>Beatrice se n&#8217;\u00e8 andata<\/em>, <em>Stefano se n&#8217;\u00e8 andato<\/em>, <em>le ragazze se ne sono andate<\/em>, <em>i ragazzi se ne sono andati<\/em>. The <em>ne<\/em> sits with the auxiliary and does not affect the agreement of the participle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Rule two, for the -la and -cela italian pronominal verbs<\/strong>. The past participle agrees with the feminine clitic <em>la<\/em>, not with the subject. So a man who succeeded says <em>ce l&#8217;ho fatta<\/em>; a woman who succeeded says <em>ce l&#8217;ho fatta<\/em>. Both forms are identical because the agreement tracks <em>la<\/em>, which is feminine singular. The same logic governs <em>me la sono cavata<\/em>, <em>l&#8217;ho smessa<\/em>, <em>me la sono presa<\/em>: feminine singular -a ending regardless of speaker.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Stefano se n&#8217;\u00e8 andato in fretta. <em>Stefano left in a hurry. (agreement with subject)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Beatrice se ne \u00e8 andata senza salutare. <em>Beatrice left without saying goodbye. (agreement with subject)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Stefano ce l&#8217;ha fatta a finire entro le sette. <em>Stefano managed to finish by seven. (agreement with la, even for masculine subject)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Beatrice se l&#8217;\u00e8 cavata con un&#8217;intervista difficile. <em>Beatrice got by with a difficult interview. (agreement with la)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Me ne sono fregata di quello che pensavano. <em>I didn&#8217;t give a damn about what they thought. (fregarsene \u2192 essere, agreement with subject &#8220;io&#8221; feminine)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The last example shows that <em>fregarsene<\/em>, like other reflexive italian pronominal verbs, takes <em>essere<\/em> as auxiliary in compound tenses, and the past participle agrees with the subject. This is consistent across the whole <em>-sene<\/em> family because the construction is reflexive in form (<em>se<\/em> + <em>ne<\/em>). The italian pronominal verbs are remarkably consistent on this point: if the verb contains <em>si\/se<\/em>, the auxiliary in compound tenses is <em>essere<\/em> and the participle agrees with the subject.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"modals\">Position of clitics with modal verbs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the most useful pieces of grammar for the italian pronominal verbs is what happens when a modal verb meets a pronominal verb (<em>dovere, potere, volere, sapere<\/em>) takes them as infinitive. The clitic block has two legal positions, and the choice of position affects the auxiliary in compound tenses. The rule can be summarised for italian pronominal verbs in three lines.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Option A: clitics climb to before the modal<\/strong>. Then the auxiliary follows the pronominal verb&#8217;s rule: <em>essere<\/em> for the <em>-sene<\/em> family, with subject agreement. <em>Me ne sono dovuta andare presto<\/em> = &#8220;I had to leave early&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Option B: clitics attach to the infinitive<\/strong>. Then the modal takes its default auxiliary <em>avere<\/em>. <em>Ho dovuto andarmene presto<\/em> = &#8220;I had to leave early&#8221;. Same meaning, different grammar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Forbidden: mixing the two patterns<\/strong>. You cannot say *<em>me ne ho dovuto andare<\/em> (clitics raised but auxiliary <em>avere<\/em>), nor *<em>sono dovuta andarmene<\/em> (clitics attached but auxiliary <em>essere<\/em>). Pick one pattern and commit to it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Stefano ha voluto andarsene prima della fine della riunione. <em>Stefano wanted to leave before the end of the meeting. (clitics on infinitive, modal + avere)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Stefano se n&#8217;\u00e8 voluto andare prima della fine della riunione. <em>Same meaning, clitics raised, modal + essere.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Non posso fregarmene, \u00e8 il mio lavoro. <em>I can&#8217;t not care, it&#8217;s my job. (clitics on infinitive)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Non me ne posso fregare, \u00e8 il mio lavoro. <em>Same meaning, clitics raised.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Beatrice deve farcela da sola questa volta. <em>Beatrice has to manage on her own this time.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Beatrice ce la deve fare da sola questa volta. <em>Same meaning, clitics raised.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Spoken Italian leans slightly toward Option A (clitics raised) for the <em>-sene<\/em> italian pronominal verbs, because it sounds cleaner and shorter. Written Italian distributes both options roughly evenly. The italian pronominal verbs reward consistency: pick one position per sentence and stick to it. A useful sanity check for the modal-plus-italian-pronominal-verbs pattern: if you find yourself saying *<em>me ne ho voluto andare<\/em>, you have crossed wires, and the <em>me ne<\/em> raised should bring <em>essere<\/em> with it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"imperative\">The imperative: vattene, andiamocene, fregatene<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The imperative of the italian pronominal verbs glues all the clitics onto the end of the pronominal verb, producing single-word commands that are some of the most distinctive sounds of spoken Italian. <em>Vattene!<\/em> (&#8220;Get out of here!&#8221;), <em>andiamocene!<\/em> (&#8220;Let&#8217;s get out of here!&#8221;), <em>fregatene!<\/em> (&#8220;Don&#8217;t give a damn!&#8221;). The whole structure is one phonetic word.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead><tr><th>Verb<\/th><th>tu<\/th><th>noi<\/th><th>voi<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>andarsene<\/td><td>vattene!<\/td><td>andiamocene!<\/td><td>andatevene!<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>starsene<\/td><td>stattene!<\/td><td>stiamocene!<\/td><td>statevene!<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>fregarsene<\/td><td>fregatene!<\/td><td>freghiamocene!<\/td><td>fregatevene!<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>farcela<\/td><td>fatticela!<\/td><td>facciamocela!<\/td><td>fatecela!<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>smetterla<\/td><td>smettila!<\/td><td>smettiamola!<\/td><td>smettetela!<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>prendersela<\/td><td>prenditela!<\/td><td>prendiamocela!<\/td><td>prendetevela!<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two patterns to remember for the imperative of italian pronominal verbs. First, the <em>tu<\/em> form of irregular verbs like <em>andare<\/em> and <em>stare<\/em> doubles the initial consonant of the clitic: <em>va&#8217; + tene \u2192 vattene<\/em>, <em>sta&#8217; + tene \u2192 stattene<\/em>, <em>fa&#8217; + tene \u2192 fattene<\/em>. Second, the negative imperative uses the infinitive plus the clitics attached: <em>non andartene!<\/em>, <em>non te ne andare!<\/em> (both correct). The <em>noi<\/em> and <em>voi<\/em> imperative simply attach all the clitics: <em>andiamocene<\/em>, <em>andatevene<\/em>. The italian pronominal verbs in the imperative can look intimidating in writing, but they collapse into a single quick word in speech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"register\">Register and where to use them<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The italian pronominal verbs are not all equally welcome in every context. A quick register map of the italian pronominal verbs helps you pick the right verb for the right situation.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Universally fine<\/strong>: <em>andarsene, starsene, tornarsene, farcela, cavarsela, sentirsela, intendersene<\/em>. These work in speech, writing, journalism, formal emails, and even academic prose.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Colloquial but accepted<\/strong>: <em>smetterla, piantarla, prendersela, godersela, non poterne pi\u00f9<\/em>. These belong in spoken Italian, friendly writing, conversational journalism. Avoid them in a thesis or a legal letter.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Informal, mildly vulgar<\/strong>: <em>fregarsene<\/em>. Fine in everyday speech, friendly emails, even on TV news. Replace it with <em>non importarsene<\/em> or <em>non interessarsi<\/em> in a formal context.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dated or literary<\/strong>: <em>infischiarsene<\/em>. Most speakers under forty hear it as old-fashioned. Use <em>fregarsene<\/em> or <em>non importare<\/em> instead.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Avoid in writing<\/strong>: heavy stacks of clitics like <em>me ne sono fregata<\/em> sound natural in speech but can read messy on the page. Many writers prefer the simpler <em>non mi \u00e8 importato<\/em> in published prose.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A practical guideline for B1\/B2 learners working through the italian pronominal verbs: master the universally fine group first, layer in the colloquial verbs as your spoken Italian develops, treat <em>fregarsene<\/em> with mild caution until you have a feel for the room, and quietly retire <em>infischiarsene<\/em> unless you want to sound like a 1950s newsreader.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cheat-sheet\">Cheat sheet of the italian pronominal verbs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One table, the most useful italian pronominal verbs grouped by family. Keep it open while you build your next sentence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead><tr><th>Verb<\/th><th>Family<\/th><th>Meaning<\/th><th>Present (io)<\/th><th>Passato prossimo (io)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>andarsene<\/td><td>-sene<\/td><td>to leave, clear off<\/td><td>me ne vado<\/td><td>me ne sono andato\/a<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>starsene<\/td><td>-sene<\/td><td>to stay put, keep to oneself<\/td><td>me ne sto<\/td><td>me ne sono stato\/a<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>tornarsene<\/td><td>-sene<\/td><td>to head back<\/td><td>me ne torno<\/td><td>me ne sono tornato\/a<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>fregarsene<\/td><td>-sene<\/td><td>to not give a damn<\/td><td>me ne frego<\/td><td>me ne sono fregato\/a<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>infischiarsene<\/td><td>-sene<\/td><td>to not care (dated)<\/td><td>me ne infischio<\/td><td>me ne sono infischiato\/a<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>intendersene di<\/td><td>ne<\/td><td>to be expert in<\/td><td>me ne intendo<\/td><td>me ne sono inteso\/a<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>non poterne pi\u00f9<\/td><td>ne<\/td><td>to have had enough<\/td><td>non ne posso pi\u00f9<\/td><td>non ne ho potuto pi\u00f9<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>farcela<\/td><td>-cela<\/td><td>to manage, succeed<\/td><td>ce la faccio<\/td><td>ce l&#8217;ho fatta<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>avercela con<\/td><td>-cela<\/td><td>to hold a grudge against<\/td><td>ce l&#8217;ho (con X)<\/td><td>ce l&#8217;ho avuta (con X)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>cavarsela<\/td><td>-la<\/td><td>to get by, muddle through<\/td><td>me la cavo<\/td><td>me la sono cavata<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>smetterla<\/td><td>-la<\/td><td>to stop it<\/td><td>la smetto<\/td><td>l&#8217;ho smessa<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>prendersela<\/td><td>-la<\/td><td>to take offence<\/td><td>me la prendo<\/td><td>me la sono presa<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>godersela<\/td><td>-la<\/td><td>to enjoy oneself<\/td><td>me la godo<\/td><td>me la sono goduta<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>pentirsi<\/td><td>-si<\/td><td>to repent, regret<\/td><td>mi pento<\/td><td>mi sono pentito\/a<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>arrabbiarsi<\/td><td>-si<\/td><td>to get angry<\/td><td>mi arrabbio<\/td><td>mi sono arrabbiato\/a<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"dialogue\">Dialogue in a Trieste newsroom<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The following dialogue gathers many of the most common italian pronominal verbs in their natural habitat: a small newsroom in Trieste at the end of a long working day. Stefano is the editor-in-chief, weary and short on patience; Beatrice is a junior reporter chasing one last quote before deadline. Listen for the way the italian pronominal verbs slide in and out of the conversation without anyone announcing them.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-dialog-pv\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Stefano:<\/strong> Beatrice, non ne posso pi\u00f9. Sono qui dalle sette di stamattina e l&#8217;articolo di cronaca non parte.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Beatrice:<\/strong> Lo so, anche io sono distrutta. Per\u00f2 se ce ne andiamo adesso, domani il direttore se la prende con tutti e due.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Stefano:<\/strong> Il direttore se ne frega delle nostre ore di sonno, basta che il pezzo esca per le otto.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Beatrice:<\/strong> Senti, dammi venti minuti e ce la faccio. Mi manca solo una battuta del sindaco e una controprova dell&#8217;assessore.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Stefano:<\/strong> Tu te ne intendi di amministrazione comunale pi\u00f9 di me, fidati del tuo orecchio. Se la versione del sindaco regge, andiamo in stampa cos\u00ec.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Beatrice:<\/strong> Regge. E poi ho controllato il bilancio del 2024, i numeri tornano.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Stefano:<\/strong> Allora chiudilo e andiamocene. Domattina ci troviamo qui alle dieci, non prima.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Beatrice:<\/strong> Affare fatto. Per\u00f2 vattene tu per primo, io devo ancora salvare le foto sul server.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Stefano:<\/strong> Va bene. Stattene tranquilla, le foto le carichi e poi te ne vai. Niente straordinari segreti.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Beatrice:<\/strong> Tranquillo, me la cavo. Ah, prima di uscire: il collega della cultura ce l&#8217;ha con te per la storia della copertina.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Stefano:<\/strong> Che se la prenda pure, era una copertina che non funzionava. Domani ci parlo io.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Beatrice:<\/strong> Ottimo. Buona serata, Stefano.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What to notice in the dialogue<\/h3>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>non ne posso pi\u00f9<\/strong>: Stefano expresses exhaustion with the <em>ne<\/em>-only family.<\/li>\n<li><strong>ce ne andiamo, andiamocene, vattene, te ne vai<\/strong>: full deployment of <em>andarsene<\/em> across persons, including the imperative.<\/li>\n<li><strong>se la prende, che se la prenda, ce l&#8217;ha con te<\/strong>: the <em>-la<\/em> family for taking offence and holding grudges.<\/li>\n<li><strong>se ne frega<\/strong>: the everyday <em>-sene<\/em> verb of indifference, used here in third person about the director.<\/li>\n<li><strong>te ne intendi, ce la faccio, me la cavo<\/strong>: three different families in one short exchange, all natural and unmarked.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stattene tranquilla<\/strong>: imperative <em>tu<\/em> of <em>starsene<\/em> with doubled <em>tt<\/em> at the boundary.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mini-challenge\">Mini-challenge<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-task-pv-final\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Final challenge:<\/strong> Translate into natural Italian using the italian pronominal verbs from the cheat sheet.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I can&#8217;t take this noise any more.<\/li>\n<li>Stefano left the newsroom at eight.<\/li>\n<li>Get out of here, I&#8217;m working.<\/li>\n<li>Beatrice doesn&#8217;t give a damn about gossip.<\/li>\n<li>I had to leave early yesterday.<\/li>\n<li>Do you know about Friulian wines?<\/li>\n<li>Let&#8217;s leave before it starts raining.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>\ud83d\udc49 Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1. <em>Non ne posso pi\u00f9 di questo rumore.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>2. <em>Stefano se n&#8217;\u00e8 andato dalla redazione alle otto.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>3. <em>Vattene, sto lavorando.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>4. <em>A Beatrice non gliene importa nulla dei pettegolezzi.<\/em> (or colloquial: <em>Beatrice se ne frega dei pettegolezzi.<\/em>)<\/p>\n<p>5. <em>Ho dovuto andarmene presto ieri.<\/em> (or with clitic raise: <em>Me ne sono dovuto\/a andare presto ieri.<\/em>)<\/p>\n<p>6. <em>Te ne intendi di vini friulani?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>7. <em>Andiamocene prima che cominci a piovere.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"quiz\">Test your understanding<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Take the quiz below to test what you&#8217;ve learned about the italian pronominal verbs. The quiz drills the five families, the conjugation of italian pronominal verbs, the past participle agreement, the position of clitics with modals, and the imperative.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-quiz-pv\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n        <div class=\"wpProQuiz_content\" id=\"wpProQuiz_160\">\n                    <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_time_limit\">\n            <div class=\"time\">Time limit: <span>0<\/span><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_progress\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_checkPage\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <h4 class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Quiz-summary<\/h4>\n\n            <p>\n                <span>0<\/span> of 2 questions completed            <\/p>\n\n            <p>Questions:<\/p>\n\n            <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_box\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                            <li>2<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n            \n            <input type=\"button\" name=\"endQuizSummary\" value=\"Finish quiz\"\n                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button\">\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_infopage\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <h4>Information<\/h4>\n\n            \n            <input type=\"button\" name=\"endInfopage\" value=\"Finish quiz\"\n                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button\">\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_text\">\n            <p>\n                <p style=\"text-align:center;\">&#8211;<\/p>\n            <\/p>\n\n            \n            <div>\n                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_button\" type=\"button\" value=\"Start quiz\"\n                       name=\"startQuiz\">\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_lock\">\n            <p>\n                You have already completed the quiz before. Hence you can not start it again.            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_loadQuiz\">\n            <p>\n                Quiz is loading...            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_startOnlyRegisteredUser\">\n            <p>\n                \n    <div class=\"dante-quiz-login-box\">\n        <h2 class=\"dante-quiz-login-badge has-text-align-center\">Free Italian Quiz<\/h2>\n        <br>\n        <h3 class=\"dante-quiz-login-title has-text-align-center\">\"Italian Pronominal Verbs: Andarsene, Fregarsene, Farcela (B1\/B2)\"<\/h3>\n        <p class=\"has-text-align-left\">\n            Sign up for free to try this quiz and get early access to new Italian lessons before anyone else.\n        <\/p>\n        \n        <div class=\"dante-quiz-social-buttons\">\n                <div class=\"dante-login-form\">\n        <div class=\"dante-social-btns\">\n            <a href=\"\/eng\/wp-login.php?loginSocial=google&redirect=%2Feng%2Fwp-json%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F27023\" class=\"dante-social-btn\">\n                <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n                    <path fill=\"#4285f4\" d=\"M22.56 12.25c0-.78-.07-1.53-.2-2.25H12v4.26h5.92c-.26 1.37-1.04 2.53-2.21 3.31v2.77h3.57c2.08-1.92 3.28-4.74 3.28-8.09z\"\/>\n                    <path fill=\"#34a853\" d=\"M12 23c2.97 0 5.46-.98 7.28-2.66l-3.57-2.77c-.98.66-2.23 1.06-3.71 1.06-2.86 0-5.29-1.93-6.16-4.53H2.18v2.84C3.99 20.53 7.7 23 12 23z\"\/>\n                    <path fill=\"#fbbc05\" d=\"M5.84 14.09c-.22-.66-.35-1.36-.35-2.09s.13-1.43.35-2.09V7.07H2.18C1.43 8.55 1 10.22 1 12s.43 3.45 1.18 4.93l2.85-2.22.81-.62z\"\/>\n                    <path fill=\"#ea4335\" d=\"M12 5.38c1.62 0 3.06.56 4.21 1.64l3.15-3.15C17.45 2.09 14.97 1 12 1 7.7 1 3.99 3.47 2.18 7.07l3.66 2.84c.87-2.6 3.3-4.53 6.16-4.53z\"\/>\n                <\/svg>\n                Continue with Google            <\/a>\n            <a href=\"\/eng\/wp-login.php?loginSocial=facebook&redirect=%2Feng%2Fwp-json%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F27023\" class=\"dante-social-btn\">\n                <svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\">\n                    <path fill=\"#1877f2\" d=\"M24 12.073c0-6.627-5.373-12-12-12s-12 5.373-12 12c0 5.99 4.388 10.954 10.125 11.854v-8.385H7.078v-3.47h3.047V9.43c0-3.007 1.792-4.669 4.533-4.669 1.312 0 2.686.235 2.686.235v2.953H15.83c-1.491 0-1.956.925-1.956 1.874v2.25h3.328l-.532 3.47h-2.796v8.385C19.612 23.027 24 18.062 24 12.073z\"\/>\n                <\/svg>\n                Continue with Facebook            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n        \n        <div class=\"dante-divider\"><span>or<\/span><\/div>\n        \n        <form class=\"dante-auth-form\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"nonce\" value=\"1f453332a3\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"redirect\" value=\"\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27023\">\n            <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"show_register\" value=\"true\">\n            \n            <!-- HONEYPOT FIELD - Anti-Bot Protection -->\n            <div style=\"position: absolute; 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? texts.signIn : texts.createAccount);\n                }\n            });\n        });\n    });\n    <\/script>\n    \n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n                <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_prerequisite\">\n            <p>\n                You have to finish following quiz, to start this quiz:                <span><\/span>\n            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_results\">\n            <h4 class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Results<\/h4>\n                        <p class=\"wpProQuiz_time_limit_expired\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                Time has elapsed            <\/p>\n                            <p class=\"wpProQuiz_points\">\n                    You scored <span>0<\/span> out of <span>0<\/span> points, (<span>0<\/span>)                <\/p>\n                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_catOverview\" >\n                <h4>Categories<\/h4>\n\n                <div style=\"margin-top: 10px;\">\n                    <ol>\n                                                    <li data-category_id=\"261\">\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catName\">Common pronominal-verb traps (from the lesson)<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catPercent\">0%<\/span>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li data-category_id=\"260\">\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catName\">Pronominal verbs (la \/ ne \/ ci families)<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catPercent\">0%<\/span>\n                            <\/li>\n                                            <\/ol>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_resultsList\">\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#7b2d8b; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 0 to 40%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #e9d5ee, #7b2d8b); width:20%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Let&#8217;s strengthen the foundations on this topic.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> A <strong>10-Lesson Package<\/strong> gives you ten focused 55-minute sessions with a native teacher, at your own pace.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#7b2d8b; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">10-Lesson Package<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">One-to-one<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vacanze.webp\" alt=\"10-Lesson Package\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Any level<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">55-minute one-to-one session on Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Your personal native teacher<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Interactive online materials<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=8\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#7b2d8b; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Get the 10-Lesson Package &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Coraggio: un passo alla volta.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#ab2227; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 41 to 65%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #fde2e2, #ab2227); width:53%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Solid base. Let&#8217;s build on it.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> A <strong>weekly 1:1 lesson<\/strong> gives you the rhythm and the personalised feedback to turn what you know into what you say automatically.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#ab2227; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Weekly 1:1<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">One-to-one<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vacanze.webp\" alt=\"Weekly 1:1\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Any level<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">55-minute one-to-one session on Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Your personal native teacher<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Interactive online materials<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=4\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#ab2227; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Book a Weekly 1:1 lesson &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Avanti tutta!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#b8860b; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 66 to 85%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #faecc4, #b8860b); width:75%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Great work. You&#8217;re ready for the group.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> In the <strong>Milano small-group course (A2-B1)<\/strong> you&#8217;ll move from solid grammar to live conversation.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#b8860b; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Milano group<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">A2-B1<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/milano-no-sfondo.webp\" alt=\"Milano group\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Small groups, max 4 students<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Weekly live Zoom sessions<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Grammar, vocabulary, listening, writing<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=7\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#b8860b; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Join the Milano group &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Ci vediamo in classe!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#2d6a4f; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Your result &middot; 86 to 100%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #cce5d5, #2d6a4f); width:93%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Bravissimo! You nailed it.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Our suggestion.<\/strong> Step into the <strong>Milano small-group course (A2-B1)<\/strong> to turn accurate Italian into fluent Italian.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Suggested next step<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#2d6a4f; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Milano group<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">A2-B1<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/milano-no-sfondo.webp\" alt=\"Milano group\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Small groups, max 4 students<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Weekly live Zoom sessions<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Grammar, vocabulary, listening, writing<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Homework after every lesson<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=7\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#2d6a4f; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Join the Milano group &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">A presto su Zoom!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div style=\"margin: 10px 0px;\">\n                                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewDiv\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewQuestion\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                            <li>2<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewLegend\">\n                <ol>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #6CA54C;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Answered<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #FFB800;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Review<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"review\" value=\"Review question\"\n                           class=\"wpProQuiz_button2\" style=\"float: left; display: block;\">\n                                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_quizAnker\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_quiz\">\n            <ol class=\"wpProQuiz_list\">\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>1<\/span> of <span>2<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>1<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h3 style=\"text-align:center;\">Produce the right pronominal form<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><em>Conjugate the pronominal verb in the tense requested, keeping all the clitics attached as one unit. With feminine <strong>la<\/strong> the past participle agrees (-a\/-e). Most <\/em><em>-se-<\/em> pronominals take <strong>essere<\/strong> in compound tenses; <em>farcela<\/em>, <em>avercela<\/em>, <em>smetterla<\/em>, <em>metterci<\/em> take <strong>avere<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color:#888;\">If your keyboard doesn&#8217;t have Italian accents, type an apostrophe instead, e.g. <code>e'<\/code> for <code>&egrave;<\/code>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"6730\"\n                                data-type=\"cloze_answer\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                        <hr\/><ul><li>Con questa scadenza stretta, Vanessa e Sergio non sanno se <em>(farcela - presente, noi)<\/em> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"14\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(ce la facciamo)<\/span><\/span> a consegnare il reportage entro venerd\u00ec.<br><br><em>With this tight deadline, Vanessa and Sergio don't know if they can manage to deliver the report by Friday.<\/em><\/li><li>Alla prima diretta radio da Soave, Matilde era nervosissima, ma <em>(cavarsela - passato prossimo, lei)<\/em> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"14\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(se l'\u00e8 cavata, se l'e' cavata)<\/span><\/span> benissimo con la pronuncia inglese.<br><br><em>At her first live radio broadcast from Soave, Matilde was very nervous, but she got by very well with the English pronunciation.<\/em><\/li><li>Domenica scorsa, alla sagra del tortellino di Valeggio sul Mincio, <em>(godersela - passato prossimo, noi (gruppo misto))<\/em> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"18\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(ce la siamo goduta)<\/span><\/span> proprio fino a sera.<br><br><em>Last Sunday, at the tortellino festival in Valeggio sul Mincio, we really had a great time until evening.<\/em><\/li><li>Quando Damiano ha rifiutato la sua proposta per la rassegna jazz, Matilde <em>(prendersela - passato prossimo, lei)<\/em> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"13\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(se l'\u00e8 presa, se l'e' presa)<\/span><\/span> davvero molto.<br><br><em>When Damiano turned down her proposal for the jazz event, Matilde really took it very personally.<\/em><\/li><li>Dopo la lunga giornata in redazione, Vanessa e Sergio non <em>(sentirsela - presente, noi)<\/em> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"14\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(ce la sentiamo)<\/span><\/span> di uscire a cena fuori.<br><br><em>After the long day at the office, Vanessa and Sergio don't feel up to going out for dinner.<\/em><\/li><li>Sergio, <em>(smetterla - imperativo tu (clitico attaccato))<\/em> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"8\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(smettila)<\/span><\/span> di tamburellare con le dita sul mixer, mi distrai durante il montaggio.<br><br><em>Sergio, stop drumming your fingers on the mixer, you're distracting me during the editing.<\/em><\/li><li>Verso mezzanotte, dopo l'ultimo set del concerto a Bardolino, Damiano <em>(andarsene - passato prossimo, lui)<\/em> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"14\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(se n'\u00e8 andato, se n'e' andato)<\/span><\/span> in silenzio senza salutare nessuno.<br><br><em>Around midnight, after the concert's last set in Bardolino, Damiano slipped away in silence without saying goodbye.<\/em><\/li><li>Matilde <em>(fregarsene - presente, lei)<\/em> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"11\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(se ne frega)<\/span><\/span> altamente delle critiche dei suoi vecchi insegnanti del conservatorio: ha trovato il suo stile.<br><br><em>Matilde really doesn't care about the criticism from her old conservatory teachers: she has found her own style.<\/em><\/li><li>Da ragazzo, durante le riunioni di famiglia a Soave, Damiano <em>(starsene - imperfetto, lui)<\/em> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"11\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(se ne stava)<\/span><\/span> in un angolo a leggere fumetti.<br><br><em>As a boy, during family gatherings in Soave, Damiano would stay in a corner reading comics.<\/em><\/li><li>Per montare il podcast sulla vendemmia di Soave, Sergio <em>(metterci - passato prossimo, lui)<\/em> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"11\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(ci ha messo)<\/span><\/span> quasi sei ore filate al computer.<br><br><em>To edit the podcast on the Soave grape harvest, Sergio took almost six straight hours at the computer.<\/em><\/li><li>Per riparare il vecchio pianoforte verticale di Matilde <em>(volerci - passato prossimo, plurale femminile)<\/em> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"14\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(ci sono volute)<\/span><\/span> tre settimane e l'aiuto di un accordatore di Verona.<br><br><em>It took three weeks and the help of a tuner from Verona to repair Matilde's old upright piano.<\/em><\/li><li>Signor Conti, mi dispiace, ma il locale chiude tra cinque minuti, <em>(andarsene - imperativo formal Lei (clitici prima, separati))<\/em> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"10\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(se ne vada)<\/span><\/span> pure con calma.<br><br><em>Mr Conti, I'm sorry, but the venue is closing in five minutes; please leave at your own pace.<\/em><\/li><\/ul><hr\/>                                    <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>12 out of 12. The three families and the position rules are working together in your head.<\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>Review of correct forms:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin:0 0 0 18px; padding:0;\">\n<li><em>ce la facciamo<\/em> (farcela, presente noi; aux <em>avere<\/em> in compound)<\/li>\n<li><em>se l&#8217;&egrave; cavata<\/em> (cavarsela, PP fem sing; aux <em>essere<\/em>, PP -a with LA)<\/li>\n<li><em>ce la siamo goduta<\/em> (godersela, PP noi mixed group; PP -a with feminine LA)<\/li>\n<li><em>se l&#8217;&egrave; presa<\/em> (prendersela, PP fem sing; <em>la<\/em> elides + PP -a)<\/li>\n<li><em>ce la sentiamo<\/em> (sentirsela, presente noi)<\/li>\n<li><em>smettila<\/em> (smetterla, imperativo tu; clitic attached enclitic)<\/li>\n<li><em>se n&#8217;&egrave; andato<\/em> (andarsene, PP masch sing; aux <em>essere<\/em>; <em>ne<\/em> elides)<\/li>\n<li><em>se ne frega<\/em> (fregarsene, presente lei; colloquial register)<\/li>\n<li><em>se ne stava<\/em> (starsene, imperfetto lui)<\/li>\n<li><em>ci ha messo<\/em> (metterci, PP lui; aux <em>avere<\/em>, no agreement)<\/li>\n<li><em>ci sono volute<\/em> (volerci, PP plur fem; aux <em>essere<\/em>, agreement with <em>settimane<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li><em>se ne vada<\/em> (andarsene, imperativo formal Lei; clitics BEFORE the verb, separate)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Key reminders:<\/strong> the cluster is atomic, never split across words; PP agrees with feminine <em>la<\/em>, even when the subject is masculine or plural; imperativo <em>tu\/noi\/voi<\/em> attaches the clitics (<em>vattene, andiamocene, godetevela<\/em>), while formal Lei keeps them separate before the verb (<em>se ne vada, si goda la giornata<\/em>).<\/p>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_tipp\" style=\"display: none; position: relative;\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <h5 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Hint<\/h5>\n                                    <p><strong>Hint:<\/strong> identify (a) the family: LA (PP agrees), NE (motion\/attitude), CI (avercela \/ volerci \/ metterci); (b) the auxiliary: <em>essere<\/em> for most, <em>avere<\/em> for <em>farcela \/ avercela \/ smetterla \/ metterci<\/em>; (c) the position: clitics before a finite verb, attached to infinitive\/gerundio\/imperativo tu, separate-before for imperativo Lei.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"tip\" value=\"Hint\"\n                                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton wpProQuiz_TipButton\"\n                                   style=\"float: left !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px !important;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>2<\/span> of <span>2<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>2<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h3 style=\"text-align:center;\">Spot the correct sentence<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\"><em>In each group of three, only one sentence respects the pronominal-verb rule. The other two break it on missing clitic, wrong auxiliary, missing PP agreement with LA, register mismatch, split cluster, or wrong imperative position.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"6731\"\n                                data-type=\"multiple\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> Con questo carico di lavoro, Vanessa non fa pi\u00f9 e ha chiesto due giorni di ferie.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> Con questo carico di lavoro, Vanessa non ce la fa pi\u00f9 e ha chiesto due giorni di ferie.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> Con questo carico di lavoro, Vanessa non ce fa pi\u00f9 e ha chiesto due giorni di ferie.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> Sabato scorso Damiano se ne ha andato dalla festa molto presto, intorno alle dieci.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"4\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"5\"> Sabato scorso Damiano \u00e8 ne andato dalla festa molto presto, intorno alle dieci.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"5\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"6\"> Sabato scorso Damiano se ne \u00e8 andato dalla festa molto presto, intorno alle dieci.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"6\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"7\"> Alla mostra fotografica di Soave, Matilde e Vanessa se la sono proprio goduta.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"7\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"8\"> Alla mostra fotografica di Soave, Matilde e Vanessa se lo sono proprio goduto.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"8\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"9\"> Alla mostra fotografica di Soave, Matilde e Vanessa se la sono proprio goduto.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"9\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"10\"> Nel suo articolo per la rivista letteraria, Vanessa ha scritto che se ne frega delle voci di corridoio.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"10\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"11\"> Nel suo articolo per la rivista letteraria, Vanessa ha scritto che chissenefrega delle voci di corridoio.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"11\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"12\"> Nel suo articolo per la rivista letteraria, Vanessa ha scritto che non si cura delle voci di corridoio.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"12\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"13\"> Sergio ha capito che doveva farcela da solo con il nuovo software audio.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"13\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"14\"> Sergio ha capito che ce doveva farla da solo con il nuovo software audio.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"14\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"15\"> Sergio ha capito che ci dovevano farla da solo con il nuovo software audio.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"15\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"16\"> Signora, vadasene pure, l'aspetto domani in libreria per ritirare l'ordine.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"16\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"17\"> Signora, se ne vada pure, l'aspetto domani in libreria per ritirare l'ordine.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"17\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_160_6731\"\n                                                       value=\"18\"> Signora, se ne va pure, l'aspetto domani in libreria per ritirare l'ordine.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>6 out of 6. The five traps no longer fool you.<\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>The six traps to keep in mind, with the correct version:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin:0 0 0 18px; padding:0;\">\n<li><strong>Clitics are not optional:<\/strong> <em>non ce la fa pi&ugrave;<\/em>. <em>Fa<\/em> alone means &#8220;does&#8221;; only <em>farcela<\/em> means &#8220;manage&#8221;. You cannot drop <em>ce la<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Compound auxiliary ESSERE for <em>-se-<\/em> pronominals:<\/strong> <em>se ne &egrave; andato<\/em>, never <em>se ne ha andato<\/em>, never <em>&egrave; ne andato<\/em>. The clitic cluster sits before the auxiliary.<\/li>\n<li><strong>PP agreement with feminine LA:<\/strong> <em>se la sono goduta<\/em>. The participle takes <em>-a<\/em> (sing) or <em>-e<\/em> (plur) because of <em>la<\/em>, even when the subject is plural or mixed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Register:<\/strong> in formal writing prefer <em>non si cura, non si interessa di<\/em> over <em>se ne frega<\/em>. <em>Chissenefrega<\/em> is even more colloquial and out of place in a literary article.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The cluster is atomic:<\/strong> <em>doveva farcela<\/em> (attached to infinitive) or <em>ce la doveva fare<\/em> (before the modal). Never split into <em>ce doveva farla<\/em> or move only part of the cluster.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Imperativo formal Lei:<\/strong> clitics BEFORE the verb, separate words: <em>se ne vada<\/em>. Never attached as one word (<em>vadasene<\/em>), never with indicative <em>va<\/em>. Informal <em>tu<\/em> instead attaches: <em>vattene<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_tipp\" style=\"display: none; position: relative;\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <h5 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Hint<\/h5>\n                                    <p>Read each version aloud. Check four things in order: (1) are all the clitics present (no missing <em>ce, ne, la, si<\/em>)? (2) is the auxiliary right (<em>essere<\/em> for <em>-se-<\/em>, <em>avere<\/em> for <em>farcela \/ avercela \/ smetterla \/ metterci<\/em>)? (3) does the past participle agree with LA when present? (4) is the cluster kept together as a unit, in the correct position for the mood?<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"tip\" value=\"Hint\"\n                                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton wpProQuiz_TipButton\"\n                                   style=\"float: left !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px !important;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                            <\/ol>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                <script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n            window.wpProQuizInitList = window.wpProQuizInitList || [];\n\n            window.wpProQuizInitList.push({\n                id: '#wpProQuiz_160',\n                init: {\n                    quizId: 160,\n                    mode: 2,\n                    globalPoints: 18,\n                    timelimit: 0,\n                    resultsGrade: [0,41,66,86],\n                    bo: 7560,\n                    qpp: 0,\n                    catPoints: {\"260\":12,\"261\":6},\n                    formPos: 0,\n                    lbn: \"Finish quiz\",\n                    json: {\"6730\":{\"type\":\"cloze_answer\",\"id\":6730,\"catId\":260,\"points\":[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],\"correct\":[[\"ce la facciamo\"],[\"se l'\\u00e8 cavata\",\"se l'e' cavata\"],[\"ce la siamo goduta\"],[\"se l'\\u00e8 presa\",\"se l'e' presa\"],[\"ce la sentiamo\"],[\"smettila\"],[\"se n'\\u00e8 andato\",\"se n'e' andato\"],[\"se ne frega\"],[\"se ne stava\"],[\"ci ha messo\"],[\"ci sono volute\"],[\"se ne vada\"]]},\"6731\":{\"type\":\"multiple\",\"id\":6731,\"catId\":261,\"points\":[0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0],\"correct\":[0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0]}}                }\n            });\n        <\/script>\n        \n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These questions about the italian pronominal verbs come from real B1 and B2 learners untangling the italian pronominal verbs in real conversation. The institutional Treccani entry on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.treccani.it\/vocabolario\/pronominale\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">verbi pronominali<\/a> gives the full taxonomy used by Italian grammarians.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-pv-q1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What makes a verb pronominal in Italian?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>A verb is pronominal in Italian when one or more clitic pronouns (si, ne, la, ci, ce) are an obligatory part of the verb itself, not an optional add-on. Pentirsi, andarsene, farcela, fregarsene, non poterne piu: in each case you cannot remove the pronoun without breaking the verb. Italian grammars group them into five overlapping families: -si reflexives that change meaning (arrabbiarsi, pentirsi), -sene verbs of departure and indifference (andarsene, fregarsene), -la verbs with feminine clitic (farcela, smetterla), -cela verbs with double clitics (avercela), and verbs with ne alone (non poterne piu, intendersene).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-pv-q2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Why does andarsene mean something different from andare?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Andare on its own is a neutral verb of motion meaning to go: vado a casa just states the destination. Andarsene puts the spotlight on the departure itself, with a flavour of leaving behind, getting away, clearing off: me ne vado a casa carries the energy of I am out of here. The se and ne fossilised onto the verb shift the focus from where you&#8217;re going to the fact that you&#8217;re leaving. Italians use andarsene to mark an end-of-day exit, a frustrated departure, or a decisive break, while andare stays neutral and informational.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-pv-q3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">How do I conjugate fregarsene in the present?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Fregarsene follows the standard -sene pattern with the reflexive pronoun shifting per person: io me ne frego, tu te ne freghi, lui\/lei se ne frega, noi ce ne freghiamo, voi ve ne fregate, loro se ne fregano. The base verb fregare adds the regular present endings (-o, -i, -a, -iamo, -ate, -ano), and the double clitic me ne, te ne, se ne, ce ne, ve ne, se ne sits in front. In compound tenses the auxiliary is essere and the past participle agrees with the subject: me ne sono fregato (m), me ne sono fregata (f).<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-pv-q4\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Where do the clitics go with modal verb plus andarsene?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Two legal positions, one rule for each. Option A: the clitics climb to before the modal, and the auxiliary follows the pronominal verb rule (essere with subject agreement). Example: me ne sono dovuta andare presto (I had to leave early). Option B: the clitics attach to the infinitive, and the modal takes its default auxiliary avere. Example: ho dovuto andarmene presto. Same meaning, different grammar. The forbidden mix is *me ne ho dovuto andare (clitics raised but auxiliary avere) or *sono dovuta andarmene (clitics attached but auxiliary essere). Pick one pattern per sentence and stick to it.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-pv-q5\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What is the past participle agreement for me ne sono andato?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>For -sene verbs of movement, the auxiliary is essere and the past participle agrees with the subject in gender and number, not with the ne. A man says me ne sono andato; a woman says me ne sono andata; a group of women say ce ne siamo andate; a mixed group say ce ne siamo andati. The ne does not trigger any extra agreement because in this construction ne is a fossilised lexical part of the verb, not a partitive pronoun. This rule contrasts sharply with the -la family, where the participle agrees with la in the feminine singular regardless of speaker: ce l&#8217;ho fatta said by any speaker, male or female.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-pv-q6\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Does anyone still say infischiarsene, or is it dated?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>It is on the way out. Speakers under forty mostly find it old-fashioned and reach instead for fregarsene, non importarsene, or just non mi interessa. The Treccani vocabolario still records infischiarsene as standard, but its register is now literary or generational: a journalist might use it in a column for stylistic effect, a grandparent might use it naturally, but a 25-year-old will almost always pick fregarsene. The meaning is identical (to not care), only the register has aged.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-pv-q7\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">How is non poterne piu different from non riuscire piu?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Non poterne piu expresses exhaustion or saturation: I cannot bear this any longer, I have had enough. Non ne posso piu di queste correzioni = the corrections have worn me out. Non riuscire piu expresses inability to achieve a result: I can no longer manage to do something. Non riesco piu a concentrarmi = I can no longer focus. The first is about a breaking point of patience or stamina; the second is about a functional failure. They overlap in informal speech but the precise meanings are distinct, and writers tend to keep them apart.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"related\">Related guides<\/h2>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-la-idioms\/\">Italian La Idioms: Smetterla, Farcela, Cavarsela (B1)<\/a>: companion piece on the <em>-la<\/em> family.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-reflexive-verbs\/\">Italian Reflexive Verbs: True, Reciprocal, Pronominal (B1)<\/a>: broader reflexive landscape.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-ne-pronoun\/\">Italian Ne Pronoun: Functions and Uses (A2)<\/a>: the partitive and quantitative <em>ne<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-ci-idioms\/\">Italian Ci: C&#8217;\u00e8, Ci Vuole, Ci Penso (B1)<\/a>: the locative <em>ci\/ce<\/em> in idiom.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.treccani.it\/vocabolario\/pronominale\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Treccani: voce pronominale<\/a>: the Italian institutional dictionary entry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83d\udd0d In short. The italian pronominal verbs fuse a base verb with clitic pronouns (si, ne, la, ci, ce) to create idiomatic meanings: andarsene = leave, fregarsene = not care, farcela = succeed. This B1\/B2 guide maps the five families, double-clitic conjugation, past participle agreement, modal-verb position, the imperative, and a Trieste newsroom dialogue.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10020,"featured_media":27037,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1865],"tags":[1364,1361,822,1363,1362],"class_list":["post-27023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-b1","tag-aspettarsela","tag-farcela","tag-finirla","tag-fregarsene","tag-prendersela","no-featured-image-padding","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27023","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10020"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27023"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27023\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":62246,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27023\/revisions\/62246"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27037"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27023"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27023"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}