{"id":25998,"date":"2019-08-07T05:18:21","date_gmt":"2019-08-06T20:18:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/?p=25998"},"modified":"2026-06-04T02:53:55","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T17:53:55","slug":"italian-concessive-clauses-sebbene-benche-anche-se","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-concessive-clauses-sebbene-benche-anche-se\/","title":{"rendered":"Italian Concessive Clauses: Anche Se, Nonostante, Bench\u00e9, Sebbene (B2)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong>In short.<\/strong> The <strong>italian concessive clauses<\/strong> are the constructions that let you say &#8220;even though X, Y happens anyway&#8221;. Italian has four main connectives for this: <em>anche se<\/em>, <em>nonostante<\/em>, <em>bench\u00e9<\/em>, <em>sebbene<\/em>. They cover the same logical ground but differ on register, mood (indicative vs subjunctive), and what can follow them. Mixing them up is the most common B2 trap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This guide walks through every italian concessive clauses connective with real examples from the kitchen, the sartoria, the bookshop, and the train station. Each section gives the rule, three or four sentences to anchor the structure, and the register that natives associate with the choice. By the end you will know which one to pick when speaking, which one to pick in a formal email, and how to compress the whole structure into <em>pur + gerundio<\/em> when you want elegance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You will also see why Italians say <em>nonostante il caldo<\/em> (no <em>che<\/em>) but <em>nonostante che faccia caldo<\/em> (with <em>che<\/em>), and why <em>anche se<\/em> is the only italian concessive clauses connective that goes naturally with the indicative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-toc-conc\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cosa impareremo oggi<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc46\ud83c\udffb Jump to section<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#what\">What italian concessive clauses say<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#anche-se\">Anche se: the everyday choice with the indicative<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#nonostante\">Nonostante: noun or clause, formal-friendly<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#benche\">Bench\u00e9: formal, always with the subjunctive<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#sebbene\">Sebbene: the literary twin of bench\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#pur\">Pur + gerundio: the elegant compressed form<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#others\">Less common: per quanto, quantunque, ancorch\u00e9, malgrado<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#cheat-sheet\">Cheat sheet: italian concessive clauses at a glance<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#mistakes\">Three common mistakes<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#dialogue\">A small dialogue: at Caterina&#8217;s sartoria<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#quiz\">Quiz<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what\">What italian concessive clauses say<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A concessive clause sets up a fact that you would expect to block the main action, and then states that the main action happened anyway. <em>Even though it was raining, we left for Trieste<\/em>: the rain &#8220;should have&#8221; stopped the departure, but did not. Italian organises this logic with a dedicated set of connectives, each carrying a slightly different register, syntax, or mood requirement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The four italian concessive clauses connectives that dominate everyday and written Italian are:<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>anche se<\/strong>: everyday, neutral, takes the indicative. The closest match to English &#8220;even if\/though&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li><strong>nonostante<\/strong>: flexible, can take a noun directly or a clause; works in speech and writing.<\/li>\n<li><strong>bench\u00e9<\/strong>: formal, always followed by the subjunctive, common in writing and formal speech.<\/li>\n<li><strong>sebbene<\/strong>: synonym of bench\u00e9, slightly more literary, same subjunctive requirement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beyond these four, Italian has a handful of less common variants (<em>per quanto<\/em>, <em>quantunque<\/em>, <em>ancorch\u00e9<\/em>, <em>malgrado<\/em>) and an elegant compressed form (<em>pur + gerundio<\/em>). We will see each below with concrete contexts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anche-se\">Anche se: the everyday choice with the indicative<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The connective <em>anche se<\/em> is the workhorse of italian concessive clauses. It is the only one that pairs naturally with the indicative, which makes it lighter and more conversational than the others. The Treccani entry on concessive constructions explicitly notes this exception: every other concessive connective in standard Italian governs the subjunctive, but <em>anche se<\/em> takes the indicative.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Anche se<\/strong> aveva poco tempo, Caterina <strong>\u00e8 passata<\/strong> da Pietro per prendere il libro.<br><em>Even though she had little time, Caterina stopped by Pietro&#8217;s place to pick up the book.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Vado al mercato di Padova <strong>anche se<\/strong> <strong>piove<\/strong>.<br><em>I&#8217;m going to the Padova market even if it&#8217;s raining.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Anche se<\/strong> il treno per Lucca <strong>\u00e8<\/strong> sempre in ritardo, Francesco lo preferisce all&#8217;autobus.<br><em>Even though the Lucca train is always late, Francesco prefers it to the bus.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Anche se<\/strong> non <strong>ha studiato<\/strong> molto, Elena ha passato l&#8217;esame al primo tentativo.<br><em>Even though she didn&#8217;t study much, Elena passed the exam on her first try.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The position of the clause is flexible: you can open the sentence with <em>anche se<\/em> or move it to the end. The meaning does not change, but starting with <em>anche se<\/em> puts more emphasis on the unexpected element. Italians use this connective in roughly 80 percent of casual conversations about italian concessive clauses, simply because the indicative feels less ceremonious than the subjunctive.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-focus-anche-se\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong>One-sentence rule.<\/strong> Among italian concessive clauses, only <em>anche se<\/em> takes the indicative. All the others (<em>bench\u00e9, sebbene, nonostante che, per quanto<\/em>) require the subjunctive. Get this single rule right and you fix the most visible learner error.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"nonostante\">Nonostante: noun or clause, formal-friendly<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Of all the italian concessive clauses connectives, <em>nonostante<\/em> is the most flexible because it has two faces. As a preposition, it goes directly with a noun, no <em>che<\/em>: <em>nonostante il freddo<\/em>. As a conjunction, it introduces a full clause and historically takes <em>che<\/em> followed by the subjunctive, although in modern speech the <em>che<\/em> is dropped more often than not.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nonostante<\/strong> la nebbia, Caterina <strong>\u00e8 partita<\/strong> per Modena in macchina.<br><em>Despite the fog, Caterina set off for Modena by car.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Nonostante<\/strong> il caldo, in agosto Pietro <strong>tiene aperta<\/strong> la libreria fino alle otto.<br><em>Despite the heat, Pietro keeps the bookshop open until eight in August.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Nonostante<\/strong> il negozio <strong>fosse<\/strong> in saldo, Elena non ha trovato niente di interessante.<br><em>Despite the shop being on sale, Elena didn&#8217;t find anything interesting.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Nonostante che<\/strong> Francesco <strong>avesse prenotato<\/strong> in anticipo, il tavolo era vicino alla cucina.<br><em>Despite the fact that Francesco had booked in advance, the table was right next to the kitchen.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Treccani notes that the form <em>nonostante che<\/em> is technically the most correct, but the bare <em>nonostante<\/em> is now the everyday default. The official Treccani DUBBI section on this very point treats both as acceptable, with a slight preference for <em>nonostante che<\/em> in formal academic prose only.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"benche\">Bench\u00e9: formal, always with the subjunctive<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The connective <em>bench\u00e9<\/em> is the formal sibling of <em>anche se<\/em>. It always requires the subjunctive, it cannot take a bare noun, and it lives more comfortably in written Italian and formal speech than in everyday chat. You will meet <em>bench\u00e9<\/em> in essays, journalism, contracts, academic papers, and slightly elevated conversation.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bench\u00e9<\/strong> <strong>fosse<\/strong> stanco, Pietro \u00e8 rimasto in libreria fino a tardi per finire l&#8217;inventario.<br><em>Although he was tired, Pietro stayed at the bookshop until late to finish the inventory.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Bench\u00e9<\/strong> il treno <strong>fosse<\/strong> in ritardo di un&#8217;ora, nessuno si \u00e8 lamentato in stazione.<br><em>Although the train was an hour late, nobody complained at the station.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Bench\u00e9<\/strong> Caterina <strong>avesse<\/strong> gi\u00e0 chiuso la sartoria, ha accettato di prendere una misura urgente per Elena.<br><em>Although Caterina had already closed the tailor&#8217;s shop, she agreed to take an urgent measurement for Elena.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Bench\u00e9<\/strong> non <strong>conosca<\/strong> bene Trieste, Francesco si \u00e8 orientato facilmente in centro.<br><em>Although he doesn&#8217;t know Trieste well, Francesco found his way around the centre easily.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The subjunctive tense follows the standard sequence-of-tenses rules: present subjunctive if the main clause is in the present (<em>bench\u00e9 non conosca<\/em>), imperfect subjunctive if the main clause is in the past (<em>bench\u00e9 fosse<\/em>). The connective itself never changes shape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sebbene\">Sebbene: the literary twin of bench\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The connective <em>sebbene<\/em> is a near-perfect synonym of <em>bench\u00e9<\/em>. Same syntax, same subjunctive requirement, same neutral-to-formal register. The difference is a faint stylistic flavour: <em>sebbene<\/em> sounds slightly more literary, slightly older, and you will encounter it more often in novels and journalistic prose than in everyday speech.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sebbene<\/strong> lo <strong>sapesse<\/strong> da settimane, Pietro non ha detto nulla a nessuno.<br><em>Although he had known for weeks, Pietro did not tell anyone.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Sebbene<\/strong> il mercato <strong>fosse<\/strong> gi\u00e0 finito, Caterina \u00e8 riuscita a comprare l&#8217;ultimo cestino di ciliegie.<br><em>Although the market had already closed, Caterina managed to buy the last basket of cherries.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Sebbene<\/strong> non <strong>fosse<\/strong> previsto, ha cominciato a piovere a met\u00e0 cerimonia.<br><em>Although it was not in the forecast, it started raining halfway through the ceremony.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Sebbene<\/strong> Elena <strong>abbia letto<\/strong> il libro tre volte, ogni rilettura le rivela un dettaglio nuovo.<br><em>Although Elena has read the book three times, each rereading reveals a new detail to her.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If you are asked to choose between <em>bench\u00e9<\/em> and <em>sebbene<\/em> in a written piece, default to <em>bench\u00e9<\/em> for journalism and essays, and to <em>sebbene<\/em> for literary writing or when you want a subtly more elegant tone. In speech, neither is wrong, but <em>anche se<\/em> would feel more natural.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-task1-conc\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-task #1.<\/strong> For each sentence, decide which connective fits and put the verb in the right form.<\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>____ (bench\u00e9 \/ anche se) Pietro (essere) ____ stanco, ha aperto la libreria alle nove.<\/li>\n<li>____ (nonostante \/ sebbene) la pioggia, Caterina e Francesco sono usciti lo stesso.<\/li>\n<li>____ (anche se \/ bench\u00e9) Elena (conoscere) ____ bene Trieste, preferisce sempre una mappa.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>\ud83d\udc49 Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>1. Bench\u00e9 fosse stanco (subjunctive). Anche se \u00e8 anche corretto with the indicative (Anche se era stanco).<\/p>\n<p>2. Nonostante la pioggia (noun, no clause needed). Sebbene piovesse with a clause would also work but is more formal.<\/p>\n<p>3. Anche se conosce (indicative): everyday choice. Bench\u00e9 conosca (subjunctive) would be more formal.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pur\">Pur + gerundio: the elegant compressed form<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When the subject of the main clause and the concessive clause is the same person, italian concessive clauses offer a more compact alternative: <em>pur + gerundio<\/em>. This is the implicit form (Treccani calls it <em>concessiva implicita<\/em>) and it adds elegance without changing the meaning.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pur<\/strong> <strong>essendo<\/strong> molto stanco, Pietro ha chiuso la libreria solo alle nove di sera.<br><em>Although he was very tired, Pietro closed the bookshop only at nine in the evening.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Pur<\/strong> non <strong>conoscendo<\/strong> bene la citt\u00e0, Francesco ha trovato la sartoria di Caterina al primo colpo.<br><em>Although he did not know the city well, Francesco found Caterina&#8217;s tailor shop on the first try.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Pur<\/strong> <strong>avendo<\/strong> piovuto tutta la mattina, il pomeriggio Elena \u00e8 uscita lo stesso.<br><em>Although it had rained all morning, Elena went out anyway in the afternoon.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Pur<\/strong> <strong>essendoci<\/strong> sciopero dei treni, Caterina \u00e8 arrivata in tempo alla riunione a Padova.<br><em>Although there was a train strike, Caterina arrived on time at the meeting in Padova.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The compound form <em>pur avendo + past participle<\/em> (or <em>pur essendoci stato<\/em>) compresses a past concessive perfectly. The construction is restricted to written and formal-spoken Italian; in casual conversation Italians prefer <em>anche se<\/em>. A related construction is <em>seppur + gerundio<\/em>, with the same meaning and slightly more literary feel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"others\">Less common: per quanto, quantunque, ancorch\u00e9, malgrado<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beyond the big four, italian concessive clauses include several connectives that show up less frequently but are worth recognising when reading. All take the subjunctive.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Per quanto<\/strong> + subjunctive = &#8220;however much, no matter how&#8221;.<br><em>Per quanto si impegnasse, Francesco non riusciva a leggere quel manoscritto.<\/em><br><em>However much he tried, Francesco could not read that manuscript.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Quantunque<\/strong> + subjunctive = literary synonym of bench\u00e9.<br><em>Quantunque fosse giovane, parlava con l&#8217;autorit\u00e0 di un vecchio professore.<\/em><br><em>Although she was young, she spoke with the authority of an old professor.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Ancorch\u00e9<\/strong> + subjunctive = very formal, archaic flavour.<br><em>Ancorch\u00e9 il giudice avesse deciso diversamente, le parti hanno trovato un accordo.<\/em><br><em>Although the judge had decided differently, the parties reached an agreement.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Malgrado<\/strong> (with noun or clause) = elegant alternative to nonostante.<br><em>Malgrado il maltempo, il festival \u00e8 andato avanti tutta la sera.<\/em><br><em>Despite the bad weather, the festival went on all evening.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These connectives are receptive vocabulary at B1-B2: you should recognise them when reading newspapers or novels, but you do not need to deploy them in conversation. <em>Anche se<\/em>, <em>nonostante<\/em>, <em>bench\u00e9<\/em> and <em>sebbene<\/em> cover 95 percent of real italian concessive clauses you will hear or write.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-focus-register\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd0d <strong>Register signal.<\/strong> If you hear an Italian use <em>bench\u00e9<\/em>, <em>sebbene<\/em>, <em>quantunque<\/em> or <em>ancorch\u00e9<\/em> in casual conversation, they are most likely being playful, ironic, or self-consciously elegant. The neutral choice in speech is always <em>anche se<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cheat-sheet\">Cheat sheet: italian concessive clauses at a glance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One table, all the italian concessive clauses connectives, with mood and register. Keep it open while you write your next email or essay.<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table>\n<thead><tr><th>Connective<\/th><th>Mood<\/th><th>Takes noun?<\/th><th>Register<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr><td>anche se<\/td><td>indicative<\/td><td>no, clause only<\/td><td>everyday, neutral<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>nonostante (che)<\/td><td>subjunctive<\/td><td>yes (without che)<\/td><td>everyday to formal<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>bench\u00e9<\/td><td>subjunctive<\/td><td>no, clause only<\/td><td>formal, written<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>sebbene<\/td><td>subjunctive<\/td><td>no, clause only<\/td><td>formal, slightly literary<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>pur + gerundio<\/td><td>gerund (same subject)<\/td><td>no<\/td><td>elegant, written<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>per quanto<\/td><td>subjunctive<\/td><td>no<\/td><td>formal<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>malgrado<\/td><td>subjunctive<\/td><td>yes<\/td><td>elegant alternative to nonostante<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>quantunque, ancorch\u00e9<\/td><td>subjunctive<\/td><td>no<\/td><td>literary, archaic<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mistakes\">Three common mistakes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Three errors keep appearing in B2 essays on italian concessive clauses. Fixing them is the fastest way to make your italian concessive clauses sound right.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mistake 1.<\/strong> Using the subjunctive after <em>anche se<\/em>. Wrong: <em>anche se sia stanco<\/em>. Correct: <em>anche se \u00e8 stanco<\/em>. The exception to the subjunctive rule is precisely <em>anche se<\/em>: it always takes the indicative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mistake 2.<\/strong> Using the indicative after <em>bench\u00e9<\/em>, <em>sebbene<\/em>, or <em>nonostante che<\/em>. Wrong: <em>bench\u00e9 \u00e8 stanco<\/em>. Correct: <em>bench\u00e9 sia stanco<\/em> (present) or <em>bench\u00e9 fosse stanco<\/em> (past). These three connectives govern the subjunctive without exception.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mistake 3.<\/strong> Placing a noun directly after <em>bench\u00e9<\/em>, <em>sebbene<\/em> or <em>anche se<\/em>. Wrong: <em>bench\u00e9 la pioggia, siamo usciti<\/em>. Correct: <em>nonostante la pioggia, siamo usciti<\/em>. Only <em>nonostante<\/em> and <em>malgrado<\/em> accept a bare noun. The others require a full clause with verb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"register-notes\">Register and context: when to pick which<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Picking the right italian concessive clauses connective is partly a matter of grammar and partly a matter of register. A native speaker will not blink at the wrong mood, but they will register the choice as a signal of formality, age, or even region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Spoken conversation.<\/strong> In an everyday exchange (at the bar, on the train, at the market, italian concessive clauses), italian concessive clauses default to <em>anche se<\/em> almost without exception. <em>Bench\u00e9<\/em> in casual chat sounds either bookish or ironic. Even Italian university students switch to <em>anche se<\/em> for italian concessive clauses when they are not in a classroom or a written exam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Formal email or business writing.<\/strong> Italian concessive clauses in business prose tend to favour <em>bench\u00e9<\/em>, <em>sebbene<\/em>, or <em>nonostante<\/em>. A line like <em>nonostante le difficolt\u00e0 incontrate, abbiamo rispettato la scadenza<\/em> projects competence and reliability. The same idea in <em>anche se<\/em> form would sound colloquial for the context.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Academic and literary writing.<\/strong> Here all italian concessive clauses connectives are in play, and the writer often varies them to avoid repetition. A page-long paragraph in a literary essay might cycle through <em>bench\u00e9<\/em>, <em>sebbene<\/em>, <em>quantunque<\/em> and <em>per quanto<\/em> within a few sentences, deliberately. <em>Pur + gerundio<\/em> is also a favourite for compression.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Journalism.<\/strong> Italian newspapers lean on <em>nonostante<\/em> and <em>bench\u00e9<\/em> as the two workhorse italian concessive clauses connectives. <em>Sebbene<\/em> appears in opinion pieces and culture sections more than in straight news. <em>Pur + gerundio<\/em> shows up in headlines and leads because it compresses the contrast into very few words.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-task2-conc\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-task #2.<\/strong> Rewrite each sentence using the connective in brackets. Watch the mood and the position of the noun.<\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Anche se Pietro \u00e8 stanco, apre la libreria. \u2192 (bench\u00e9)<\/li>\n<li>Nonostante la pioggia, Caterina \u00e8 uscita. \u2192 (sebbene)<\/li>\n<li>Anche se Elena ha gi\u00e0 letto il libro, lo rilegge. \u2192 (pur + gerundio)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<details><summary><strong>\ud83d\udc49 Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>1. Bench\u00e9 Pietro sia stanco, apre la libreria. (subjunctive)<\/p>\n<p>2. Sebbene piovesse, Caterina \u00e8 uscita. (needs a clause, not a bare noun)<\/p>\n<p>3. Pur avendo gi\u00e0 letto il libro, Elena lo rilegge. (gerundio composto, same subject)<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"dialogue\">A small dialogue: at Caterina&#8217;s sartoria<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-dialog-conc\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Caterina:<\/strong> Elena, anche se ti avevo detto di passare alle cinque, sei comunque la benvenuta adesso. Anzi, bench\u00e9 ci sia poca luce in questo angolo, la prova della giacca viene meglio in questo orario.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Elena:<\/strong> Grazie. Nonostante la fretta di stamattina, ho fatto in tempo a passare in libreria da Pietro a prendere quel romanzo di cui mi avevi parlato.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Caterina:<\/strong> Bene. Allora, pur essendo passate due settimane dall&#8217;ultima prova, la giacca dovrebbe ancora andare bene. Sebbene avessi un dubbio sulle maniche, le ho lasciate come la volta scorsa.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Elena:<\/strong> Sembra perfetta. Anche se la spalla mi tira un pochino qui, in realt\u00e0 credo sia solo perch\u00e9 ho la camicia sotto.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Caterina:<\/strong> Vedi, nonostante quello che dicono i miei colleghi, una giacca su misura va sempre provata con quello che ci metterai sotto. Bench\u00e9 molti sarti di Lucca preferiscano lavorare a vuoto, io insisto.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Elena:<\/strong> Hai ragione. Per quanto la spalla sia un punto delicato, qui mi sembra perfetta. Quanto manca alla consegna?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffd\u200d\ud83e\uddb1 <strong>Caterina:<\/strong> Una settimana. Anche se dovessi avere ancora una rifinitura piccola da fare, la giacca \u00e8 pronta in sostanza. Te la consegno venerd\u00ec prossimo, va bene?<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffc\u200d\ud83e\uddb0 <strong>Elena:<\/strong> Perfetto. Pur sapendo che lavori sempre in anticipo, non immaginavo fosse gi\u00e0 a questo punto. Grazie davvero.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Count the italian concessive clauses Caterina and Elena slip into ten lines: <em>anche se<\/em> (three times), <em>bench\u00e9<\/em> (three times), <em>nonostante<\/em>, <em>sebbene<\/em>, <em>pur essendo<\/em>, <em>per quanto<\/em>, <em>pur sapendo<\/em>. Almost the entire system, deployed naturally around a single fitting.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-challenge-conc\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Mini-challenge.<\/strong> Write three italian concessive clauses about your last week: one with <em>anche se<\/em> + indicative, one with <em>bench\u00e9<\/em> or <em>sebbene<\/em> + subjunctive, and one with <em>pur + gerundio<\/em>. Bonus: rewrite the first sentence using <em>nonostante<\/em> + noun, dropping the clause.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"quiz\">Test your understanding<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ready to test italian concessive clauses in context? The quiz below mixes the four main connectives, with a few traps on mood choice and on the position of the noun.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-quiz-conc\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n        <div class=\"wpProQuiz_content\" id=\"wpProQuiz_28\">\n                    <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_time_limit\">\n            <div class=\"time\">Time limit: <span>0<\/span><\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_progress\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_checkPage\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <h4 class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Quiz-summary<\/h4>\n\n            <p>\n                <span>0<\/span> of 2 questions completed            <\/p>\n\n            <p>Questions:<\/p>\n\n            <div style=\"margin-bottom: 20px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_box\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                            <li>2<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n            \n            <input type=\"button\" name=\"endQuizSummary\" value=\"Finish quiz\"\n                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button\">\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_infopage\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <h4>Information<\/h4>\n\n            \n            <input type=\"button\" name=\"endInfopage\" value=\"Finish quiz\"\n                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button\">\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_text\">\n            <p>\n                <p style=\"text-align:center;\">&#8211;<\/p>\n            <\/p>\n\n            \n            <div>\n                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_button\" type=\"button\" value=\"Start quiz\"\n                       name=\"startQuiz\">\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_lock\">\n            <p>\n                You have already completed the quiz before. 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             <div style=\"margin-top: 10px;\">\n                    <ol>\n                                                    <li data-category_id=\"186\">\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catName\">L\u00fcckentext: concessive connective and mood<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catPercent\">0%<\/span>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li data-category_id=\"187\">\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catName\">Satzauswahl: which concessive sentence is correct<\/span>\n                                <span class=\"wpProQuiz_catPercent\">0%<\/span>\n                            <\/li>\n                                            <\/ol>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_resultsList\">\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#7b2d8b; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Il tuo risultato &middot; 0 to 40%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #e9d5ee, #7b2d8b); width:20%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Rinforziamo le basi su questo argomento.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Il nostro consiglio.<\/strong> Un <strong>Pacchetto da 10 Lezioni<\/strong> ti d&agrave; dieci sessioni di 55 minuti con un insegnante madrelingua, ai tuoi tempi.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Prossimo passo consigliato<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#7b2d8b; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Pacchetto 10 Lezioni<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">Individuale<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vacanze.webp\" alt=\"Pacchetto 10 Lezioni\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Qualsiasi livello<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Sessione individuale di 55 minuti su Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Insegnante madrelingua personale<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Materiali interattivi online<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Compiti dopo ogni lezione<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=8\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#7b2d8b; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Scopri il Pacchetto 10 Lezioni &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Coraggio: un passo alla volta.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#ab2227; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Il tuo risultato &middot; 41 to 65%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #fde2e2, #ab2227); width:53%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Ottima base. Costruiamoci sopra.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Il nostro consiglio.<\/strong> Una <strong>lezione settimanale 1:1<\/strong> ti d&agrave; il ritmo e il feedback personalizzato per trasformare ci&ograve; che sai in italiano che parli senza pensarci.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Prossimo passo consigliato<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#ab2227; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Lezione settimanale 1:1<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">Individuale<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vacanze.webp\" alt=\"Lezione settimanale 1:1\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Qualsiasi livello<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Sessione individuale di 55 minuti su Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Insegnante madrelingua personale<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Materiali interattivi online<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Compiti dopo ogni lezione<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=4\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#ab2227; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Prenota una lezione 1:1 settimanale &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Avanti tutta!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#b8860b; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Il tuo risultato &middot; 66 to 85%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #faecc4, #b8860b); width:75%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Ottimo lavoro. Sei pronto\/a per il gruppo.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Il nostro consiglio.<\/strong> <strong>Quattro Chiacchiere (B2-C1)<\/strong> ti porta nell&#8217;italiano vero, al ritmo dei madrelingua.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Prossimo passo consigliato<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#b8860b; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Quattro Chiacchiere<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">B2-C1<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/4-chiacchierebianco.webp\" alt=\"Quattro Chiacchiere\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">100% in italiano<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Piccoli gruppi, max 4 studenti<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Lezioni settimanali su Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Grammatica, lettura, vocabolario, ascolto<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=2\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#b8860b; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Scopri Quattro Chiacchiere &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">Ci vediamo in classe!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                            <li style=\"display: none;\">\n                            <div>\n                                <div style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; max-width:640px; margin:0 auto; padding:36px 24px; color:#1a1a1a; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center;\">\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; font-weight:700; color:#2d6a4f; margin:0 0 6px; line-height:1.2;\">Ciao ,<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:13px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:16px 0 14px;\">Il tuo risultato &middot; 86 to 100%<\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#f0f0f0; height:7px; border-radius:4px; overflow:hidden; margin:0 auto 36px; max-width:320px;\">\n<div style=\"background:linear-gradient(90deg, #cce5d5, #2d6a4f); width:93%; height:7px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:26px; color:#1a1a1a; margin:0 0 14px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.35;\">Bravissimo! Ce l&#8217;hai fatta.<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:18px; color:#333; line-height:1.65; margin:0 auto 38px; max-width:520px;\"><strong>Il nostro consiglio.<\/strong> Sei pronto\/a per <strong>Quattro Chiacchiere (B2-C1)<\/strong>, 100% in italiano.<\/p>\n<div style=\"height:1px; background:#e8e8e8; margin:0 auto 30px; max-width:120px;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:12px; color:#666; text-transform:uppercase; letter-spacing:1.5px; margin:0 0 10px;\">Prossimo passo consigliato<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:30px; color:#2d6a4f; margin:0 0 6px; font-weight:700; line-height:1.2;\">Quattro Chiacchiere<\/h4>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:16px; color:#666; margin:0 0 24px;\">B2-C1<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/4-chiacchierebianco.webp\" alt=\"Quattro Chiacchiere\" style=\"width:140px; height:auto; margin:0 auto 26px; display:block;\"\/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; color:#333; line-height:1.8; list-style:disc; padding-left:22px; margin:0 auto 32px; max-width:460px; text-align:left; display:inline-block;\">\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">100% in italiano<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Piccoli gruppi, max 4 studenti<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Lezioni settimanali su Zoom<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\">Grammatica, lettura, vocabolario, ascolto<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/membership-checkout\/?level=2\" style=\"display:inline-block; padding:18px 40px; background:#2d6a4f; color:#fff !important; text-decoration:none; border-radius:8px; font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Arial,sans-serif; font-size:18px; font-weight:600; letter-spacing:0.3px;\">Scopri Quattro Chiacchiere &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; font-size:19px; font-style:italic; color:#555; margin:42px 0 0;\">A presto su Zoom!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div style=\"margin: 10px 0px;\">\n                                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewDiv\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewQuestion\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                            <li>2<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewLegend\">\n                <ol>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #6CA54C;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Answered<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #FFB800;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Review<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"review\" value=\"Review question\"\n                           class=\"wpProQuiz_button2\" style=\"float: left; display: block;\">\n                                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_quizAnker\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_quiz\">\n            <ol class=\"wpProQuiz_list\">\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>1<\/span> of <span>2<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>1<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h3 style=\"text-align:center;\">L\u00fcckentext: concessive connective and mood<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Setting.<\/strong> Dieci appassionati italiani, ciascuno con la propria passione (trekking, cucina, fotografia, musica, ciclismo, cinema, maratona), attraversano l&#8217;Italia da Ravenna a Trapani, da Urbino a Matera, e finiscono sempre per imbattersi in qualche imprevisto che chiede una concessiva: il maltempo che non ferma la salita, la sala piena che non spezza la concentrazione, il treno perso che non rovina il fine settimana.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color:#888;\"><strong>If your keyboard does not have Italian accents<\/strong>, type an apostrophe instead. For example, write <code>benche'<\/code> for <code>bench\u00e9<\/code>, or <code>e'<\/code> for <code>\u00e8<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p><em>For each sentence, pick the connective (or the mood) that fits. Remember the divide: only <strong>anche se<\/strong> takes the indicative; <strong>bench\u00e9<\/strong>, <strong>sebbene<\/strong>, <strong>nonostante che<\/strong> and <strong>per quanto<\/strong> take the subjunctive; <strong>nonostante<\/strong> and <strong>malgrado<\/strong> can take a bare noun; <strong>pur + gerundio<\/strong> is the compressed same-subject form.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"6477\"\n                                data-type=\"cloze_answer\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                        <hr\/><ul><li>(Bench\u00e9, Nonostante, Anche se) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"10\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(Nonostante)<\/span><\/span> il maltempo, Alessia ha completato la salita del passo in bici fino al rifugio sopra Vicenza.<br><br><em>Despite the bad weather, Alessia completed the climb of the pass by bike up to the refuge above Vicenza.<\/em><\/li><li>(Bench\u00e9, Sebbene, Anche se) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"8\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(Anche se)<\/span><\/span> la trattoria era piena fino alla mezzanotte, Stefano \u00e8 riuscito a trovare un tavolo per i clienti abituali.<br><br><em>Even though the trattoria was full until midnight, Stefano managed to find a table for his regulars.<\/em><\/li><li>(Anche se, Nonostante il, Bench\u00e9) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"7\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(Bench\u00e9, Benche')<\/span><\/span> fosse stanca dopo le prove generali, Margherita ha eseguito tutto il programma al festival di Spoleto.<br><br><em>Although she was tired after the dress rehearsal, Margherita performed the whole programme at the Spoleto festival.<\/em><\/li><li>(Bench\u00e9, Pur, Nonostante che) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"3\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(Pur)<\/span><\/span> avendo studiato la partitura per mesi, Margherita ha rallentato leggermente nei passaggi pi\u00f9 rapidi.<br><br><em>Although she had studied the score for months, Margherita slowed slightly in the fastest passages.<\/em><\/li><li>(Sebbene la, Nonostante la, Bench\u00e9 la) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"13\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(Nonostante la)<\/span><\/span> pioggia battente, il festival jazz di Ascoli Piceno \u00e8 andato avanti fino a mezzanotte sotto i tendoni.<br><br><em>Despite the pouring rain, the Ascoli Piceno jazz festival went on until midnight under the marquees.<\/em><\/li><li>(Sebbene, Anche se, Nonostante il) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"7\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(Sebbene)<\/span><\/span> il cinema d'essai di Ravenna avesse aperto da poco, la proiezione in lingua originale ha attirato un pubblico numeroso.<br><br><em>Although the art-house cinema in Ravenna had only recently opened, the original-language screening drew a large audience.<\/em><\/li><li>(Anche se, Pur, Sebbene) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"3\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(Pur)<\/span><\/span> avendo perso il treno regionale per Trapani, Ilaria ha trovato un autobus che partiva poco dopo dalla stazione.<br><br><em>Although she had missed the regional train to Trapani, Ilaria found a bus leaving shortly after from the station.<\/em><\/li><li>(Nonostante che, Anche se, Pur) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"14\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(Nonostante che)<\/span><\/span> avesse piovuto tutta la notte, il sentiero che porta al rifugio sopra Urbino era praticabile la mattina dopo.<br><br><em>Despite the fact that it had rained all night, the trail leading to the refuge above Urbino was passable the following morning.<\/em><\/li><li>Anche se (\u00e8, sia, fosse) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"2\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(\u00e8, e')<\/span><\/span> domenica mattina, la pasticceria storica di Arezzo apre regolarmente alle sette per i clienti della messa.<br><br><em>Even though it is Sunday morning, the historic Arezzo pasticceria opens regularly at seven for the churchgoers.<\/em><\/li><li>Bench\u00e9 Sofia non (\u00e8, era, sia) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"3\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(sia)<\/span><\/span> una cuoca di professione, prepara una lasagna di magro che gli ospiti ricordano per settimane.<br><br><em>Although Sofia is not a professional cook, she makes a vegetable lasagna that guests remember for weeks.<\/em><\/li><li>Nonostante (fosse, era, sarebbe) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"5\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(fosse)<\/span><\/span> buio pesto sul sentiero, Andrea ha guidato il gruppo di escursionisti fino alla cima del Catria senza esitazioni.<br><br><em>Despite the trail being pitch dark, Andrea led the group of hikers up to the peak of Catria without hesitation.<\/em><\/li><li>Anche se (avesse, abbia, aveva) <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"5\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(aveva)<\/span><\/span> corso solo dieci chilometri in allenamento, Valeria ha completato la mezza maratona di Bergamo in due ore esatte.<br><br><em>Even though she had run only ten kilometres in training, Valeria completed the Bergamo half marathon in exactly two hours.<\/em><\/li><\/ul><hr\/>                                    <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>12 out of 12. The four-way concessive system is under control: anche se with the indicative, bench\u00e9 and sebbene with the subjunctive, nonostante with a noun or with the subjunctive, pur with the gerund for same-subject compression.<\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>Review the four pillars of italian concessive clauses:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin:0 0 0 18px; padding:0;\">\n<li><strong>Anche se<\/strong> = the only concessive with the indicative. <em>Anche se \u00e8 stanco<\/em>, never <em>anche se sia stanco<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bench\u00e9, sebbene, nonostante che, per quanto<\/strong> = always with the subjunctive. <em>Bench\u00e9 sia stanco<\/em>, <em>sebbene fosse stanca<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nonostante<\/strong> + bare noun (no <em>che<\/em>): <em>nonostante la pioggia<\/em>. Same for <strong>malgrado<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pur + gerundio<\/strong> (simple or compound) = same-subject compressed form: <em>pur essendo stanco<\/em>, <em>pur avendo perso il treno<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Glossary:<\/strong> rifugio = mountain hut &middot; partitura = score (music) &middot; tendoni = marquees &middot; duomo = cathedral &middot; mezza maratona = half marathon.<\/p>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_tipp\" style=\"display: none; position: relative;\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <h5 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Hint<\/h5>\n                                    <p><strong>Two-step test<\/strong>: (1) Is what follows a bare noun? Only <em>nonostante<\/em> or <em>malgrado<\/em> work. (2) Is it a full clause? Pick <em>anche se<\/em> with the indicative for everyday register, or <em>bench\u00e9 \/ sebbene \/ nonostante che<\/em> with the subjunctive for formal register. If the subject is the same in both clauses, <em>pur + gerundio<\/em> compresses everything elegantly.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"tip\" value=\"Hint\"\n                                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton wpProQuiz_TipButton\"\n                                   style=\"float: left !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px !important;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>2<\/span> of <span>2<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>2<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h3 style=\"text-align:center;\">Satzauswahl: which concessive sentence is correct<\/h3>\n<p><em>Select the one correct version in each set of three. The two distractors break one of the three classic B2 mistakes on italian concessive clauses: <strong>anche se<\/strong> wrongly followed by the subjunctive; <strong>bench\u00e9 \/ sebbene \/ nonostante che<\/strong> wrongly followed by the indicative; or one of the cong-takers wrongly placed before a bare noun.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"6478\"\n                                data-type=\"multiple\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"1\"> Anche se il sentiero fosse ghiacciato in pi\u00f9 punti, Ilaria ha continuato fino al rifugio sopra Urbino senza chiedere aiuto.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"1\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"2\"> Anche se il sentiero era ghiacciato in pi\u00f9 punti, Ilaria ha continuato fino al rifugio sopra Urbino senza chiedere aiuto.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"2\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"3\"> Anche se il ghiaccio sul sentiero, Ilaria ha continuato fino al rifugio sopra Urbino senza chiedere aiuto.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"3\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"4\"> Bench\u00e9 Stefano \u00e8 in cucina da oltre vent'anni, ogni servizio del sabato sera lo emoziona ancora.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"4\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"5\"> Bench\u00e9 vent'anni di cucina, ogni servizio del sabato sera lo emoziona ancora.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"5\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"6\"> Bench\u00e9 Stefano sia in cucina da oltre vent'anni, ogni servizio del sabato sera lo emoziona ancora.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"6\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"7\"> Sebbene la sala del teatro fosse gremita fin dall'apertura, Margherita ha mantenuto la calma e non ha sbagliato un attacco.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"7\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"8\"> Sebbene la sala del teatro era gremita fin dall'apertura, Margherita ha mantenuto la calma e non ha sbagliato un attacco.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"8\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"9\"> Sebbene la folla in sala, Margherita ha mantenuto la calma e non ha sbagliato un attacco.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"9\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"10\"> Nonostante la salita era ripida e il vento contrario, Alessia \u00e8 arrivata in cima al passo senza scendere di sella.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"10\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"11\"> Anche se la salita ripida e il vento contrario, Alessia \u00e8 arrivata in cima al passo senza scendere di sella.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"11\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"12\"> Nonostante la salita ripida e il vento contrario, Alessia \u00e8 arrivata in cima al passo senza scendere di sella.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"12\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"13\"> Pur non parlando il francese, Davide ha apprezzato il film in lingua originale al festival di Siracusa.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"13\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"14\"> Anche se Davide non parli il francese, ha apprezzato il film in lingua originale al festival di Siracusa.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"14\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"15\"> Pur non parla il francese, Davide ha apprezzato il film in lingua originale al festival di Siracusa.<hr\/>                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"15\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"16\"> Bench\u00e9 Emanuele aveva preparato il coro per mesi, la performance al duomo di Matera non \u00e8 stata convincente come sperava.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"16\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"17\"> Bench\u00e9 Emanuele avesse preparato il coro per mesi, la performance al duomo di Matera non \u00e8 stata convincente come sperava.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                    \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"17\">\n\n                                                                                                                                <span style=\"display:none;\"><\/span>\n                                            <label>\n                                                <input class=\"wpProQuiz_questionInput\"\n                                                       type=\"checkbox\"\n                                                       name=\"question_28_6478\"\n                                                       value=\"18\"> Bench\u00e9 mesi di prove con il coro, la performance al duomo di Matera non \u00e8 stata convincente come sperava.                                            <\/label>\n\n                                                                            <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>6 out of 6. Every trap spotted: indicative after anche se, subjunctive after bench\u00e9 and sebbene, bare noun reserved for nonostante.<\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>The six trios map to the three common mistakes listed in the pillar:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"margin:0 0 0 18px; padding:0;\">\n<li><em>Anche se il sentiero era ghiacciato<\/em>: anche se always takes the indicative, never the subjunctive. The bare-noun option fails because <em>anche se<\/em> requires a clause with a verb.<\/li>\n<li><em>Bench\u00e9 Stefano sia in cucina<\/em>: bench\u00e9 always takes the subjunctive; the indicative <em>\u00e8<\/em> breaks the rule, and the bare noun is not allowed after bench\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li><em>Sebbene la sala fosse gremita<\/em>: sebbene is the literary twin of bench\u00e9 and follows the same two constraints.<\/li>\n<li><em>Nonostante la salita ripida<\/em>: nonostante before a noun works as a preposition, no <em>che<\/em>, no verb. <em>Anche se<\/em> cannot replace it because it cannot precede a bare noun.<\/li>\n<li><em>Pur non parlando il francese<\/em>: pur + gerundio is the compressed same-subject form; a finite verb after <em>pur<\/em> is ungrammatical, and <em>anche se<\/em> with the subjunctive is wrong.<\/li>\n<li><em>Bench\u00e9 Emanuele avesse preparato<\/em>: bench\u00e9 governs the subjunctive (here trapassato), not the indicative trapassato; the bare noun option is the third recurring trap.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_tipp\" style=\"display: none; position: relative;\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <h5 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">Hint<\/h5>\n                                    <p>For each trio, identify the connective first, then check the mood. <em>Anche se<\/em> &rarr; indicativo. <em>Bench\u00e9, sebbene, nonostante che, per quanto<\/em> &rarr; congiuntivo. <em>Nonostante<\/em> + bare noun = no che, no verb. <em>Pur<\/em> + gerundio = same subject. If you see a concessive followed by just a noun, only nonostante and malgrado are legal.<\/p>\n                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"tip\" value=\"Hint\"\n                                   class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton wpProQuiz_TipButton\"\n                                   style=\"float: left !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px !important;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                            <\/ol>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                <script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n            window.wpProQuizInitList = window.wpProQuizInitList || [];\n\n            window.wpProQuizInitList.push({\n                id: '#wpProQuiz_28',\n                init: {\n                    quizId: 28,\n                    mode: 2,\n                    globalPoints: 18,\n                    timelimit: 0,\n                    resultsGrade: [0,41,66,86],\n                    bo: 7560,\n                    qpp: 0,\n                    catPoints: {\"186\":12,\"187\":6},\n                    formPos: 0,\n                    lbn: \"Finish quiz\",\n                    json: {\"6477\":{\"type\":\"cloze_answer\",\"id\":6477,\"catId\":186,\"points\":[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],\"correct\":[[\"nonostante\"],[\"anche se\"],[\"bench\\u00e9\",\"benche'\"],[\"pur\"],[\"nonostante la\"],[\"sebbene\"],[\"pur\"],[\"nonostante che\"],[\"\\u00e8\",\"e'\"],[\"sia\"],[\"fosse\"],[\"aveva\"]]},\"6478\":{\"type\":\"multiple\",\"id\":6478,\"catId\":187,\"points\":[0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0],\"correct\":[0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0]}}                }\n            });\n        <\/script>\n        \n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Five questions about italian concessive clauses come up in every B2 cohort. The answers below draw on real usage and on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.treccani.it\/enciclopedia\/concessive-proposizioni_%28La-grammatica-italiana%29\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Treccani entry on concessive clauses<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-1\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Should I say nonostante or nonostante che?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Both are accepted. Treccani notes that nonostante che is technically the most correct form when nonostante introduces a clause (it works as a conjunction), but everyday Italian drops the che almost always. In writing, both are fine; in formal academic prose, nonostante che has a slight edge. Important: when nonostante is followed by a bare noun (nonostante il caldo), che must NOT appear, because nonostante is acting as a preposition.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-2\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Can I use anche se with the subjunctive?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>No. Anche se is the only concessive connective in standard Italian that always takes the indicative: anche se \u00e8 stanco, anche se aveva poco tempo. If you put the subjunctive after anche se (anche se sia stanco) you are mixing the two systems and producing an ungrammatical sentence. The Treccani entry on concessive constructions flags this as the most frequent learner error.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-3\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">What is the difference between bench\u00e9 and sebbene?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Practically none in terms of grammar: both take the subjunctive, both require a full clause, both live in formal registers. The only difference is a faint stylistic flavour: sebbene sounds slightly older and more literary, bench\u00e9 is the journalistic default. In a formal email or essay, bench\u00e9 is the safer choice; in literary prose, sebbene blends in better.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-4\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">When should I use pur + gerundio instead of bench\u00e9?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Use pur + gerundio when the subject of the concessive clause is the same as the subject of the main clause and you want an elegant, compressed construction. Pur essendo stanco, ho aperto la libreria packs the same meaning as bench\u00e9 fossi stanco, ho aperto la libreria into fewer words. The construction is mostly written or formal-spoken; in everyday speech, anche se ero stanco feels more natural.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-5\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \">Are there regional differences in concessive use?<\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>The four main connectives are standard across Italy. Regional variation shows up mostly in less common forms: malgrado is more common in northern Italy, magari (in its concessive sense) is more colloquial in Rome and central Italy, and southern speakers sometimes prefer pure (an old variant of pur) in writing. The choice between bench\u00e9 and sebbene is purely stylistic, not regional.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"related\">Related guides<\/h2>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-subjunctive-tenses\/\">Italian Subjunctive Tenses<\/a>: the natural companion guide, since three of the four italian concessive clauses connectives require the subjunctive.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/tenses-italian-indicativo-mood\/\">Italian Indicativo Tenses<\/a>: useful for understanding what anche se pairs with, since it always selects the indicative.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-conditional\/\">Italian Conditional<\/a>: pairs well with italian concessive clauses for hypothetical contrasts (anche se dovesse piovere, andremmo lo stesso).<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/accademiadellacrusca.it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Accademia della Crusca<\/a>: institutional source for contested usage of italian concessive clauses, including the nonostante \/ nonostante che debate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83d\udd0d In short. The italian concessive clauses are the constructions that let you say &#8220;even though X, Y happens anyway&#8221;. Italian has four main connectives for this: anche se, nonostante, bench\u00e9, sebbene. They cover the same logical ground but differ on register, mood (indicative vs subjunctive), and what can follow them. Mixing them up is &#8230; <a title=\"Italian Concessive Clauses: Anche Se, Nonostante, Bench\u00e9, Sebbene (B2)\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-concessive-clauses-sebbene-benche-anche-se\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Italian Concessive Clauses: Anche Se, Nonostante, Bench\u00e9, Sebbene (B2)\">Read more \u226b<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10020,"featured_media":26035,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1866],"tags":[1147,1141,1591,1592,1593,1139],"class_list":["post-25998","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-b2","tag-anche-se","tag-benche","tag-le-frasi-concessive","tag-pur-and-gerundio-italian","tag-pur-gerundio-esercizi-italiano","tag-sebbene","no-featured-image-padding","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25998","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10020"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25998"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25998\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":62318,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25998\/revisions\/62318"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26035"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}