{"id":23860,"date":"2019-05-29T16:13:06","date_gmt":"2019-05-29T07:13:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/?p=23860"},"modified":"2026-04-29T05:16:46","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T20:16:46","slug":"italian-preposition-in","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-preposition-in\/","title":{"rendered":"Italian Preposition IN: The Complete Guide for English Speakers"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-tldr-italian-preposition-in\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<p><strong>TL;DR.<\/strong> Italian preposition IN covers place with countries and regions (in Italia), enclosed places (in cucina), transport (in treno), time of completion (in due ore), manner (in fretta), material (in legno), and idioms (in bocca al lupo, in gamba).<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>The italian preposition in is the fourth most common simple preposition after DI, A and DA, and it does some of the heaviest lifting in everyday Italian. It marks where you live (<em>in Italia<\/em>), where you wait (<em>in fila<\/em>), how you travel (<em>in macchina<\/em>), how long it took to finish something (<em>in due ore<\/em>), and slips into dozens of idioms that a beginner barely recognises (<em>in bocca al lupo<\/em>, <em>in gamba<\/em>, <em>in pompa magna<\/em>). This guide covers every meaningful role of the italian preposition in at A2 and B1 level, with real examples from Italian streets and offices, the five traps that trip up English speakers, a dialogue at the train station, and a collapsible mini-challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"background-color:#ab2227;color:#ab2227\" \/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-prepin-toc\"><div class=\"gb-inside-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-prepin-toc-title gb-headline-text\">Cosa impareremo oggi<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">\ud83d\udc46\ud83c\udffb Jump to section<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\" \/>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#rule\">The rule: IN in one line<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#place\">Place: countries, regions, enclosed spaces<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#transport\">Means of transport: in macchina, in treno<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#time\">Time of completion: in due ore<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#manner\">Manner: in silenzio, in piedi, in fila<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#material\">Material and content (the rare IN)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#idioms\">12 idioms with IN to sound Italian<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#traps\">Five traps for English speakers<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#cheat-sheet\">Cheat sheet<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#dialog\">Dialogue at the train station<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-rule gb-headline-text\" id=\"rule\">The rule: italian preposition in in one line<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Think of <strong>IN<\/strong> as the preposition of <em>containment, region and completion<\/em>. It answers &#8220;inside what?&#8221;, &#8220;in which country or region?&#8221;, &#8220;by what means?&#8221;, &#8220;in how much time?&#8221;, &#8220;in what state or position?&#8221;. Where A points to a single destination, IN frames a wider space you move inside or a duration you fill up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IN contracts with the definite article: IN + IL = <em>nel<\/em>, IN + LO = <em>nello<\/em>, IN + LA = <em>nella<\/em>, IN + I = <em>nei<\/em>, IN + GLI = <em>negli<\/em>, IN + LE = <em>nelle<\/em>. Note: when a feminine country name is general (no qualifier), Italian drops the article: <em>vado in Italia<\/em>, not <em>vado nella Italia<\/em>. But it returns the moment a qualifier appears: <em>vado nell&#8217;Italia del sud<\/em>. This article-dropping rule is one of the most useful intuitions to acquire.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-obs-rule\">\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udd0d Observe IN in action:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vivo <strong>in<\/strong> Toscana <strong>da<\/strong> dieci anni, <strong>in<\/strong> un paese piccolissimo. <em>I have been living in Tuscany for ten years, in a tiny village.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ho finito il libro <strong>in<\/strong> due giorni, non riuscivo a smettere. <em>I finished the book in two days, I could not stop reading.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Andiamo <strong>in<\/strong> centro <strong>in<\/strong> bicicletta, \u00e8 pi\u00f9 veloce che <strong>in<\/strong> macchina. <em>Let&#8217;s go downtown by bike, it is faster than by car.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-place gb-headline-text\" id=\"place\">Place: countries, regions, enclosed spaces<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The first job of IN is to mark a region or a closed space you are inside or moving into. The split with A is the rule every learner has to internalise: IN handles the wide spaces, A handles the points.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Countries, regions, continents, large islands<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-obs-place-countries\">\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udd0d Observe:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mia cugina si \u00e8 trasferita <strong>in<\/strong> Argentina, fa il medico a Buenos Aires. <em>My cousin moved to Argentina, she works as a doctor in Buenos Aires.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>In<\/strong> Sicilia il caldo di luglio \u00e8 insopportabile, andiamoci a settembre. <em>In Sicily the July heat is unbearable, let&#8217;s go in September.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Quanti italiani vivono <strong>in<\/strong> Sud America? Pi\u00f9 di quanti pensiamo. <em>How many Italians live in South America? More than we think.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Enclosed indoor spaces<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Buildings and indoor spaces you walk into and move around in take IN, even when English would say &#8220;at&#8221;: <em>in banca, in farmacia, in ufficio, in biblioteca, in piscina, in palestra, in chiesa, in ospedale, in classe, in giardino, in cucina, in salotto<\/em>. Importantly, these forms drop the article when the noun is generic.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-obs-place-indoor\">\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udd0d Observe:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Domani ho un appuntamento <strong>in<\/strong> banca per il mutuo, dopo passo <strong>in<\/strong> farmacia. <em>Tomorrow I have an appointment at the bank for the mortgage, then I&#8217;ll stop at the pharmacy.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>I bambini stanno giocando <strong>in<\/strong> giardino, dimmi tu quando rientrano. <em>The kids are playing in the garden, tell me when they should come back inside.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Mio marito \u00e8 ancora <strong>in<\/strong> ufficio, non sa quando finisce. <em>My husband is still at the office, he doesn&#8217;t know when he&#8217;ll finish.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-note-place-article\">\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udca1 The article-drop rule:<\/strong> after IN, generic places drop the article (<em>in banca, in ufficio, in piscina<\/em>). The article comes back as soon as you specify which: <em>nella banca di mio padre, nell&#8217;ufficio del direttore, nella piscina comunale<\/em>. Same for countries: <em>in Italia<\/em> bare, but <em>nell&#8217;Italia degli anni Sessanta<\/em>. Most beginners over-use <em>nella<\/em>; the corrective is to drop unless you are specifying which.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ms1-place-dida\">\n<p><strong>\ud83c\udfaf Mini-Challenge:<\/strong> place with IN<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I live in Italy.<\/li>\n<li>The keys are in the kitchen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<details>\n<summary><strong>Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Vivo in Italia.<\/li>\n<li>Le chiavi sono in cucina.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-transport gb-headline-text\" id=\"transport\">Means of transport: in macchina, in treno<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To say how you got somewhere, Italian uses IN with the means of transport when the vehicle is enclosed and you sit inside it: <em>in macchina, in treno, in aereo, in autobus, in metropolitana, in bici, in moto, in barca, in nave<\/em>. The exception is on foot: <em>a piedi<\/em>. The logic: if you fit inside the vehicle, it is IN; if you walk, it is A.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-obs-transport\">\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udd0d Observe:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vado al lavoro <strong>in<\/strong> bicicletta tutti i giorni, anche con la pioggia. <em>I go to work by bike every day, even when it rains.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>L&#8217;estate scorsa siamo andati a Stromboli <strong>in<\/strong> nave da Napoli, dieci ore di traversata. <em>Last summer we went to Stromboli by ferry from Naples, a ten-hour crossing.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Ti accompagno <strong>in<\/strong> macchina alla stazione, fa freddo per andare <strong>a<\/strong> piedi. <em>I will drive you to the station, it is too cold to go on foot.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ms2-trans-dida\">\n<p><strong>\ud83c\udfaf Mini-Challenge:<\/strong> transport with IN<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I go to work by train.<\/li>\n<li>We travel by car.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<details>\n<summary><strong>Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Vado al lavoro in treno.<\/li>\n<li>Viaggiamo in macchina.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-time gb-headline-text\" id=\"time\">Time of completion: in due ore<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>IN with a quantity of time means &#8220;within \/ over the course of&#8221;: the time it took to complete an action. This is the use that English maps onto &#8220;in&#8221; pretty cleanly, but it has one trap: it is the <em>time of completion<\/em>, not the duration of an ongoing action. For ongoing duration use DA (<em>studio italiano da due anni<\/em>); for completion use IN (<em>ho imparato l&#8217;italiano in due anni<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-obs-time\">\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udd0d Observe:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ho preparato la cena <strong>in<\/strong> mezz&#8217;ora, niente di speciale ma buono. <em>I made dinner in half an hour, nothing fancy but good.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Da Milano a Roma il Frecciarossa ci mette tre ore <strong>in<\/strong> condizioni normali. <em>From Milan to Rome the Frecciarossa takes three hours under normal conditions.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Promesso, ti rispondo <strong>in<\/strong> giornata, al massimo domattina. <em>I promise, I&#8217;ll get back to you within the day, by tomorrow morning at the latest.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ms3-time-dida\">\n<p><strong>\ud83c\udfaf Mini-Challenge:<\/strong> time of completion<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I finished the homework in two hours.<\/li>\n<li>The book was written in a year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<details>\n<summary><strong>Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ho finito i compiti in due ore.<\/li>\n<li>Il libro \u00e8 stato scritto in un anno.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-manner gb-headline-text\" id=\"manner\">Manner: in silenzio, in piedi, in fila<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>IN locks together a series of fixed expressions describing how someone is positioned, behaving or organised. These are everyday phrases you hear constantly: <em>in piedi, in ginocchio, in fila, in silenzio, in coda, in cerchio, in pace, in fretta, in disordine, in compagnia<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-obs-manner\">\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udd0d The catalogue:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>in piedi<\/strong>, <strong>in ginocchio<\/strong>, <strong>in cerchio<\/strong> <em>standing, kneeling, in a circle<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>in fila<\/strong>, <strong>in coda<\/strong>, <strong>in ordine<\/strong>, <strong>in disordine<\/strong> <em>in line, in a queue, in order, messy<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>in silenzio<\/strong>, <strong>in pace<\/strong>, <strong>in fretta<\/strong>, <strong>in lacrime<\/strong> <em>in silence, in peace, hurriedly, in tears<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>in compagnia<\/strong>, <strong>in solitudine<\/strong>, <strong>in coppia<\/strong> <em>in company, alone, in couples<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ms4-man-dida\">\n<p><strong>\ud83c\udfaf Mini-Challenge:<\/strong> manner with IN<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I left in a hurry.<\/li>\n<li>She speaks in a low voice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<details>\n<summary><strong>Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Sono uscito in fretta.<\/li>\n<li>Parla in voce bassa.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-material gb-headline-text\" id=\"material\">Material and content (the rare IN)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For materials, Italian usually picks DI (<em>una scatola di legno, una camicia di seta<\/em>). But IN appears in a few fixed contexts and in formal or jewellery-shop register: <em>una statua in marmo, un anello in oro, una cornice in argento<\/em>. Both are correct; the choice depends on register and on whether you want to emphasise the object&#8217;s substance (DI) or its formal description (IN).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-obs-material\">\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udd0d Observe:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ho ereditato un crocifisso <strong>in<\/strong> argento da mia bisnonna, lo tengo nel cassetto della camera. <em>I inherited a silver crucifix from my great-grandmother, I keep it in the bedroom drawer.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>La cassaforte \u00e8 <strong>in<\/strong> acciaio rinforzato, quindici centimetri di spessore. <em>The safe is reinforced steel, fifteen centimetres thick.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Vorrei vedere quella collana <strong>in<\/strong> oro bianco <strong>in<\/strong> vetrina, per favore. <em>I would like to see that white-gold necklace in the window, please.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-idioms gb-headline-text\" id=\"idioms\">12 idioms with IN to sound Italian<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This is where the italian preposition in really pays off in conversation. Italian packs a small dictionary of fixed IN-expressions that have nothing to do with location: they are pure idioms, learned by hearing them a few times in context.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-obs-idioms\">\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udd0d The working catalogue:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>in bocca al lupo<\/strong> <em>good luck (literally: in the wolf&#8217;s mouth)<\/em>: Domani hai l&#8217;esame? <strong>In bocca al lupo<\/strong>! Risposta rituale: crepi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>in gamba<\/strong> <em>capable, sharp, on top of things<\/em>: Ti consiglio il mio dentista, \u00e8 davvero <strong>in gamba<\/strong> e non ti far\u00e0 aspettare.<\/li>\n<li><strong>in arrivo<\/strong> <em>incoming, arriving soon<\/em>: Il treno da Bari \u00e8 <strong>in arrivo<\/strong> al binario sette.<\/li>\n<li><strong>in compenso<\/strong> <em>on the other hand, in return<\/em>: Ho perso l&#8217;autobus ma <strong>in compenso<\/strong> ho trovato venti euro a terra.<\/li>\n<li><strong>in barba a<\/strong> <em>in spite of, in defiance of<\/em>: <strong>In barba alla<\/strong> dieta, si \u00e8 mangiato mezza torta da solo.<\/li>\n<li><strong>in media<\/strong> <em>on average<\/em>: <strong>In media<\/strong>, solo uno studente su quattro passa l&#8217;esame al primo colpo.<\/li>\n<li><strong>in sordina<\/strong> <em>quietly, under the radar<\/em>: Ha cominciato a lavorare <strong>in sordina<\/strong>, ma poi ha dimostrato il proprio valore.<\/li>\n<li><strong>in cattive acque<\/strong> <em>in trouble, in difficulty<\/em>: La nostra azienda si trova <strong>in cattive acque<\/strong>, tra poco fallir\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li><strong>in pompa magna<\/strong> <em>in grand style, with great fanfare<\/em>: Hanno accolto il primo ministro <strong>in pompa magna<\/strong>, con tappeto rosso e tutto il resto.<\/li>\n<li><strong>in grado di<\/strong> <em>able to, in a position to<\/em>: Mi dispiace, non sono <strong>in grado di<\/strong> aiutarvi su questa pratica.<\/li>\n<li><strong>in fondo<\/strong> <em>after all, deep down<\/em>: <strong>In fondo<\/strong>, era una persona molto pi\u00f9 gentile di quanto sembrasse.<\/li>\n<li><strong>in punto<\/strong> <em>sharp, on the dot<\/em>: Ci vediamo alle otto <strong>in punto<\/strong>, mi raccomando: niente ritardi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ms5-idi-dida\">\n<p><strong>\ud83c\udfaf Mini-Challenge:<\/strong> IN idioms<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Good luck! (wolf idiom)<\/li>\n<li>She is sharp\/clever.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<details>\n<summary><strong>Show answers<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>In bocca al lupo!<\/li>\n<li>\u00c8 in gamba.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-traps gb-headline-text\" id=\"traps\">Five traps for English speakers<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trap 1: &#8220;in Italia&#8221; but &#8220;a Roma&#8221;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The most famous trap. Italian splits places by size: countries, regions, continents and large islands take IN; cities, small islands and named buildings take A. English collapses both into &#8220;in&#8221;. The split is non-negotiable: <em>in Italia, in Toscana, in Europa, in Sicilia, in Sardegna<\/em>, but <em>a Roma, a Capri, a Ischia, al Colosseo<\/em>. State subdivisions (Texas, Bavaria, Queensland) follow IN like regions: <em>in Texas, in Baviera, nel Queensland<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trap 2: &#8220;in due ore&#8221; versus &#8220;per due ore&#8221; versus &#8220;da due ore&#8221;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Three prepositions with three time meanings, one English &#8220;for&#8221;. <em>Ho fatto i compiti in due ore<\/em> = I completed the homework over a span of two hours (action finished in that time). <em>Ho fatto i compiti per due ore<\/em> = I worked on homework for two hours and stopped (duration of finished action). <em>Faccio i compiti da due ore<\/em> = I have been doing homework for two hours and I am still doing it (ongoing duration). English &#8220;I did homework for two hours&#8221; is ambiguous; Italian splits the three ideas cleanly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trap 3: &#8220;in macchina&#8221; but &#8220;a piedi&#8221;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Means of transport take IN if you sit inside the vehicle (<em>in macchina, in treno, in aereo, in autobus, in metropolitana, in barca, in nave, in moto, in bicicletta<\/em>). The exception is on foot: <em>a piedi<\/em>. Some vehicles you ride on top of (horse, scooter) can take A or IN depending on register: <em>a cavallo<\/em> is the standard, <em>in moto<\/em> is the standard. Just learn the small list.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trap 4: &#8220;in banca&#8221; without article<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>After IN, generic places drop the article: <em>in banca, in farmacia, in ufficio, in piscina<\/em>, not <em>nella banca, nella farmacia<\/em>. The article comes back when you specify which: <em>nella banca di mio padre, nell&#8217;ufficio del direttore<\/em>. English speakers tend to over-insert <em>nella<\/em>; the corrective is the bare form unless qualifying.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trap 5: &#8220;in seguito a&#8221; or &#8220;a seguito di&#8221;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Both formal connectors exist and they mean roughly &#8220;following \/ as a result of&#8221;. <em>In seguito a<\/em> emphasises a temporal sequence (X happened, then Y happened): <em>in seguito al terremoto, abbiamo dovuto evacuare<\/em>. <em>A seguito di<\/em> is more bureaucratic and emphasises causal consequence: <em>a seguito della Sua richiesta, la informo che<\/em>. In journalism the two are often used interchangeably; in everyday Italian both are formal, prefer <em>dopo<\/em> or <em>per via di<\/em> in casual speech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-cheat gb-headline-text\" id=\"cheat-sheet\">Cheat sheet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Function<\/th><th>Example<\/th><th>English<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody>\n<tr><td>Country, region, continent<\/td><td>Vivo <strong>in<\/strong> Italia.<\/td><td>I live in Italy.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Enclosed indoor space<\/td><td>Sono <strong>in<\/strong> ufficio.<\/td><td>I&#8217;m at the office.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Means of transport<\/td><td>Vado <strong>in<\/strong> treno.<\/td><td>I go by train.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Time of completion<\/td><td>L&#8217;ho finito <strong>in<\/strong> due ore.<\/td><td>I finished it in two hours.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Position, manner<\/td><td><strong>In<\/strong> piedi, <strong>in<\/strong> silenzio.<\/td><td>Standing, in silence.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Material (formal)<\/td><td>Una statua <strong>in<\/strong> marmo.<\/td><td>A marble statue.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Idiom<\/td><td><strong>In<\/strong> bocca al lupo.<\/td><td>Good luck.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Idiom<\/td><td><strong>In<\/strong> gamba.<\/td><td>Capable, sharp.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Idiom<\/td><td><strong>In<\/strong> punto.<\/td><td>Sharp, on the dot.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Idiom<\/td><td><strong>In<\/strong> grado di.<\/td><td>Able to.<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-dialog gb-headline-text\" id=\"dialog\">Dialogue at the train station<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Federica is at the Bologna Centrale ticket counter, late for her train to Bari. The station agent, signor Russo, helps her sort out a ticket change. Listen for how many uses of IN slip into less than a minute of conversation.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-dialog-container\">\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffb <strong>Federica:<\/strong> Mi scusi, sono arrivata <strong>in<\/strong> ritardo, il mio treno per Bari \u00e8 gi\u00e0 partito. Cosa posso fare? <em>Excuse me, I arrived late, my train to Bari already left. What can I do?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffb <strong>Sig. Russo:<\/strong> Stia tranquilla, signora, troviamo una soluzione <strong>in<\/strong> due minuti. <em>Don&#8217;t worry, ma&#8217;am, we&#8217;ll find a solution in two minutes.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffb <strong>Federica:<\/strong> Devo essere a Bari stasera, ho una riunione di lavoro <strong>in<\/strong> ufficio domattina alle nove <strong>in<\/strong> punto. <em>I have to be in Bari tonight, I have a work meeting at the office tomorrow morning at nine sharp.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffb <strong>Sig. Russo:<\/strong> C&#8217;\u00e8 un Frecciarossa <strong>in<\/strong> partenza tra venti minuti, fa sosta a Roma poi prosegue. Le va? <em>There is a Frecciarossa leaving in twenty minutes, it stops in Rome and then continues. Does that work?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffb <strong>Federica:<\/strong> Perfetto. Posso fare il cambio biglietto <strong>in<\/strong> tempo? <em>Perfect. Can I make the ticket change in time?<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffb <strong>Sig. Russo:<\/strong> S\u00ec, lo faccio io <strong>in<\/strong> due secondi. Ecco. <strong>In<\/strong> compenso paga una piccola differenza, dodici euro. <em>Yes, I&#8217;ll do it in two seconds. Here. On the other hand you&#8217;ll pay a small difference, twelve euros.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\ud83d\udc69\ud83c\udffb <strong>Federica:<\/strong> Grazie mille, \u00e8 stato davvero <strong>in<\/strong> gamba. Buona giornata! <em>Thank you so much, you&#8217;ve been really sharp. Have a good day!<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\ud83d\udc68\ud83c\udffb <strong>Sig. Russo:<\/strong> <strong>In<\/strong> bocca al lupo per la riunione, signora. Binario nove, di corsa! <em>Good luck for the meeting, ma&#8217;am. Platform nine, get going!<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-dialog-note\">\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udca1 Notice:<\/strong> <em>in ritardo<\/em> (late, idiom), <em>in due minuti<\/em> (time of completion), <em>in ufficio<\/em> (no article, generic place), <em>in punto<\/em> (sharp, idiom), <em>in partenza<\/em> (about to leave, idiom), <em>in tempo<\/em> (in time, idiom), <em>in due secondi<\/em> (time of completion), <em>in compenso<\/em> (idiom), <em>in gamba<\/em> (idiom), <em>in bocca al lupo<\/em> (idiom). 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[\/process_step] [\/process_steps]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>[contact-form-7 id=&#8221;15171&#8243; title=&#8221;trial due colonne&#8221;]<\/p>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div style=\"margin: 10px 0px;\">\n                                    <input class=\"wpProQuiz_button\" type=\"button\" name=\"reShowQuestion\"\n                           value=\"View questions\">\n                                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewDiv\" style=\"display: none;\">\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewQuestion\">\n                <ol>\n                                            <li>1<\/li>\n                                    <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewLegend\">\n                <ol>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #6CA54C;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Answered<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewColor\" style=\"background-color: #FFB800;\"><\/span>\n                        <span class=\"wpProQuiz_reviewText\">Review<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                <\/ol>\n                <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n                                    <input type=\"button\" name=\"review\" value=\"Review question\"\n                           class=\"wpProQuiz_button2\" style=\"float: left; display: block;\">\n                                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_quizAnker\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\n                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_quiz\">\n            <ol class=\"wpProQuiz_list\">\n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_listItem\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                        <div\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_question_page\" style=\"display:none;\" >\n                            Question <span>1<\/span> of <span>1<\/span>                        <\/div>\n                        <h5 style=\"display: none;\"\n                            class=\"wpProQuiz_header\">\n                            <span>1<\/span>. Question                        <\/h5>\n\n                        \n                                                <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question\" style=\"margin: 10px 0 0 0;\">\n                            <div class=\"wpProQuiz_question_text\">\n                                <h1 class=\"entry-title\" style=\"text-align: center;\">Idioms introduced<\/h1>\n<h1 class=\"entry-title\" style=\"text-align: center;\">by the preposition IN<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Write the correct one at the right place.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n                            <\/div>\n                                                        <ul class=\"wpProQuiz_questionList\" data-question_id=\"483\"\n                                data-type=\"cloze_answer\">\n                                \n                                    <li class=\"wpProQuiz_questionListItem\" data-pos=\"0\">\n\n                                        <ul>\r\n \t<li>Tua nonna ha novant'anni ma \u00e8 davvero <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"8\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(in gamba)<\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>E' talmente ubriaco che non \u00e8 <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"8\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(in grado)<\/span><\/span> di guidare.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Questi posti sono riservati alle donne <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"21\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(in stato interessante)<\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Da quando ha smesso di lavorare, si trova <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"16\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(in cattive acque)<\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Non parla bene l'inglese ma <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"11\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(in compenso)<\/span><\/span> sa usare benissimo il computer.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"8\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(In barba)<\/span><\/span> all'inquinamento, tutti usano sempre l'automobile.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>E' <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"9\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(in arrivo)<\/span><\/span> la nuova cucina. Sar\u00e0 pronta la prossima settimana.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>La mia squadra di calcio ha cominciato il nuovo campionato <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"10\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(in sordina)<\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>I vincitori delle olimpiadi sono stati accolti <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"14\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(in pompa magna)<\/span><\/span> dal Presidente.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Quante volte al mese fai esercizio fisico\u00a0 <span class=\"wpProQuiz_cloze\"><input data-wordlen=\"8\" type=\"text\" value=\"\"> <span class=\"wpProQuiz_clozeCorrect\" style=\"display: none;\">(in media)<\/span><\/span>?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<hr \/>                                    <\/li>\n                                                                <\/ul>\n                        <\/div>\n                                                    <div class=\"wpProQuiz_response\" style=\"display: none;\">\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_correct\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>Controlla le risposte giuste e finisci il quiz.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span class=\"blink_text\" style=\"font-size: 28pt; color: #ff0000;\">\u2193\u2193\u2193<\/span><\/p><\/p>                                <\/div>\n                                <div style=\"display: none;\" class=\"wpProQuiz_incorrect\">\n                                                                            <span class=\"wpProQuiz_respone_span\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIncorrect\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br>\n                                    <p><hr \/>\n<p>Controlla le risposte giuste e finisci il quiz.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span class=\"blink_text\" style=\"font-size: 28pt; color: #ff0000;\">\u2193\u2193\u2193<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>                                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        \n                        \n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"back\" value=\"Back\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: left !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                                                <input type=\"button\" name=\"check\" value=\"Check\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\"\n                               style=\"float: right !important; margin-right: 10px !important; display: none;\">\n                        <input type=\"button\" name=\"next\" value=\"Next\"\n                               class=\"wpProQuiz_button wpProQuiz_QuestionButton\" style=\"float: right; display: none;\">\n\n                        <div style=\"clear: both;\"><\/div>\n\n                        \n                    <\/li>\n\n                            <\/ol>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n                <script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n            window.wpProQuizInitList = window.wpProQuizInitList || [];\n\n            window.wpProQuizInitList.push({\n                id: '#wpProQuiz_138',\n                init: {\n                    quizId: 138,\n                    mode: 2,\n                    globalPoints: 10,\n                    timelimit: 0,\n                    resultsGrade: [0],\n                    bo: 7552,\n                    qpp: 0,\n                    catPoints: [10],\n                    formPos: 0,\n                    lbn: \"Finish quiz\",\n                    json: {\"483\":{\"type\":\"cloze_answer\",\"id\":483,\"catId\":0,\"points\":[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],\"correct\":[[\"in gamba\"],[\"in grado\"],[\"in stato interessante\"],[\"in cattive acque\"],[\"in compenso\"],[\"in barba\"],[\"in arrivo\"],[\"in sordina\"],[\"in pompa magna\"],[\"in media\"]]}}                }\n            });\n        <\/script>\n        \n<!-- \/wp:shortcode -->\n<!-- \/wp:generateblocks\/container -->\n\n\n<!-- wp:separator -->\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n<!-- \/wp:separator -->\n\n\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p style=\"font-size:0.9em;opacity:0.85\"><em>Further reading: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.treccani.it\/enciclopedia\/in-prep_(La-grammatica-italiana)\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Treccani: la preposizione in<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:generateblocks\/container {\"uniqueId\":\"banner-milano-v5\",\"backgroundColor\":\"#f4f5f6\",\"isDynamic\":true,\"blockVersion\":4,\"spacing\":{\"paddingTop\":\"30px\",\"paddingBottom\":\"30px\",\"paddingLeft\":\"30px\",\"paddingRight\":\"30px\",\"marginTop\":\"30px\",\"marginBottom\":\"30px\"},\"borders\":{\"borderTopWidth\":\"1px\",\"borderTopStyle\":\"solid\",\"borderTopColor\":\"#ab2227\",\"borderBottomWidth\":\"1px\",\"borderBottomStyle\":\"solid\",\"borderBottomColor\":\"#ab2227\",\"borderTopLeftRadius\":\"11px\",\"borderTopRightRadius\":\"11px\",\"borderBottomLeftRadius\":\"11px\",\"borderBottomRightRadius\":\"11px\"}} -->\n<!-- wp:image {\"align\":\"center\",\"width\":100,\"sizeSlug\":\"thumbnail\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-thumbnail is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Milano-logo-100x100-1.png\" alt=\"Milano course logo\" width=\"100\" \/><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:image -->\n<!-- wp:heading {\"textAlign\":\"center\",\"level\":3} --><h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">Milano: A2\/B1 group course on Zoom<\/h3><!-- \/wp:heading -->\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"align\":\"center\"} --><p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Take grammar from textbook to confident real conversation. Small live group lessons.<\/p><!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n<!-- wp:buttons {\"layout\":{\"type\":\"flex\",\"justifyContent\":\"center\"}} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons\"><!-- wp:button {\"backgroundColor\":\"vivid-red\",\"style\":{\"border\":{\"radius\":\"6px\"}}} --><div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-vivid-red-background-color has-background wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/our-courses\/\" style=\"border-radius:6px\">Discover Milano<\/a><\/div><!-- \/wp:button --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:buttons -->\n<!-- \/wp:generateblocks\/container -->\n\n<!-- wp:separator --><hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator -->\n\n<!-- wp:generateblocks\/headline {\"uniqueId\":\"h2-faq\",\"anchor\":\"faq\",\"blockVersion\":3} -->\n<h2 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-h2-faq gb-headline-text\" id=\"faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:generateblocks\/headline -->\n\n<!-- wp:rank-math\/faq-block {\"questions\":[{\"id\":\"faq-prepin-q1\",\"title\":\"When do I use IN with countries and IN with cities?\",\"content\":\"Countries, regions, continents and large islands take IN: in Italia, in Toscana, in Europa, in Sicilia. Cities, towns, small islands and named buildings take A: a Milano, a Capri, a Palazzo Chigi. The split is non-negotiable. State subdivisions like Texas or Bavaria follow IN: in Texas, in Baviera. The mental test: if the destination is a single point, it is A; if it is a region or wider area, it is IN.\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-prepin-q2\",\"title\":\"Why is it in banca and not nella banca?\",\"content\":\"After IN, generic indoor places drop the article: in banca, in farmacia, in ufficio, in piscina, in chiesa. The article returns the moment you specify which one: nella banca di mio padre, nell ufficio del direttore, nella piscina comunale. Same for countries: in Italia bare, but nell Italia degli anni Sessanta. English speakers tend to over-insert nella; bare IN is the default unless you are qualifying.\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-prepin-q3\",\"title\":\"What is the difference between in due ore, per due ore and da due ore?\",\"content\":\"Three prepositions split one English for. In due ore = within \/ over the course of two hours, the time it took to complete an action: ho finito il libro in due ore. Per due ore = for two hours, the duration of a finished action: ho letto per due ore poi ho smesso. Da due ore = for two hours and still going: leggo da due ore. The Italian present tense plus DA always means the action is ongoing.\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-prepin-q4\",\"title\":\"Why in macchina but a piedi?\",\"content\":\"Italian uses IN with means of transport you sit inside: in macchina, in treno, in aereo, in autobus, in metropolitana, in nave, in barca, in moto, in bicicletta. The exception is on foot, which takes A: a piedi. Some open-top vehicles you ride on top of can take A in fixed expressions: a cavallo standard, in moto standard. The list is short and worth memorising.\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-prepin-q5\",\"title\":\"What does in bocca al lupo really mean?\",\"content\":\"In bocca al lupo literally means in the wolf s mouth and is the standard Italian way to wish someone good luck, especially before an exam, an interview or a performance. The ritual reply is crepi or crepi il lupo (may the wolf die). Italians never say buona fortuna in this context, that is considered to bring bad luck. Always answer crepi when an Italian wishes you in bocca al lupo, otherwise it is a bit awkward.\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-prepin-q6\",\"title\":\"What does in gamba mean and how do I use it?\",\"content\":\"In gamba describes a person who is sharp, capable, on top of things. Ti consiglio il mio dentista, \u00e8 davvero in gamba = I recommend my dentist, he is really good. It is informal but not slang, you can use it in most situations. The literal sense is roughly on one s legs, derived from being able to stand and act. The opposite is sotto le scarpe (down in the dumps) or gi\u00f9 (down).\",\"visible\":true},{\"id\":\"faq-prepin-q7\",\"title\":\"Is in seguito a or a seguito di more correct?\",\"content\":\"Both formal connectors exist and they overlap heavily. In seguito a emphasises a temporal sequence: in seguito al terremoto, abbiamo dovuto evacuare. A seguito di is more bureaucratic and stresses causal consequence: a seguito della Sua richiesta, la informo che. In journalism the two are interchangeable; in everyday Italian both feel formal, prefer dopo or per via di in casual speech.\",\"visible\":true}],\"titleWrapper\":\"h3\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-faq-block\">\n<h3 id=\"faq-prepin-q1\" class=\"rank-math-question\">When do I use IN with countries and A with cities?<\/h3>\n<div id=\"faq-prepin-q1-answer\" class=\"rank-math-answer\"><p>Countries, regions, continents and large islands take IN: <em>in Italia, in Toscana, in Europa, in Sicilia<\/em>. Cities, towns, small islands and named buildings take A: <em>a Milano, a Capri, a Palazzo Chigi<\/em>. The split is non-negotiable. State subdivisions like Texas or Bavaria follow IN: <em>in Texas, in Baviera<\/em>. The mental test: if the destination is a single point, it is A; if it is a region or wider area, it is IN.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"faq-prepin-q2\" class=\"rank-math-question\">Why is it &#8220;in banca&#8221; and not &#8220;nella banca&#8221;?<\/h3>\n<div id=\"faq-prepin-q2-answer\" class=\"rank-math-answer\"><p>After IN, generic indoor places drop the article: <em>in banca, in farmacia, in ufficio, in piscina, in chiesa<\/em>. The article returns the moment you specify which one: <em>nella banca di mio padre, nell&#8217;ufficio del direttore, nella piscina comunale<\/em>. Same for countries: <em>in Italia<\/em> bare, but <em>nell&#8217;Italia degli anni Sessanta<\/em>. English speakers tend to over-insert <em>nella<\/em>; bare IN is the default unless you are qualifying.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"faq-prepin-q3\" class=\"rank-math-question\">What is the difference between &#8220;in due ore&#8221;, &#8220;per due ore&#8221; and &#8220;da due ore&#8221;?<\/h3>\n<div id=\"faq-prepin-q3-answer\" class=\"rank-math-answer\"><p>Three prepositions split one English &#8220;for&#8221;. <em>In due ore<\/em> = within \/ over the course of two hours, the time it took to complete an action: <em>ho finito il libro in due ore<\/em>. <em>Per due ore<\/em> = for two hours, the duration of a finished action: <em>ho letto per due ore poi ho smesso<\/em>. <em>Da due ore<\/em> = for two hours and still going: <em>leggo da due ore<\/em>. The Italian present tense plus DA always means the action is ongoing.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"faq-prepin-q4\" class=\"rank-math-question\">Why &#8220;in macchina&#8221; but &#8220;a piedi&#8221;?<\/h3>\n<div id=\"faq-prepin-q4-answer\" class=\"rank-math-answer\"><p>Italian uses IN with means of transport you sit inside: <em>in macchina, in treno, in aereo, in autobus, in metropolitana, in nave, in barca, in moto, in bicicletta<\/em>. The exception is on foot, which takes A: <em>a piedi<\/em>. Some open-top vehicles you ride on top of can take A in fixed expressions: <em>a cavallo<\/em> standard, <em>in moto<\/em> standard. The list is short and worth memorising.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"faq-prepin-q5\" class=\"rank-math-question\">What does &#8220;in bocca al lupo&#8221; really mean?<\/h3>\n<div id=\"faq-prepin-q5-answer\" class=\"rank-math-answer\"><p><em>In bocca al lupo<\/em> literally means &#8220;in the wolf&#8217;s mouth&#8221; and is the standard Italian way to wish someone good luck, especially before an exam, an interview or a performance. The ritual reply is <em>crepi<\/em> or <em>crepi il lupo<\/em> (&#8220;may the wolf die&#8221;). Italians never say <em>buona fortuna<\/em> in this context, that is considered to bring bad luck. Always answer <em>crepi<\/em> when an Italian wishes you <em>in bocca al lupo<\/em>, otherwise it is a bit awkward.<\/p><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"faq-prepin-q6\" class=\"rank-math-question\">What does &#8220;in gamba&#8221; mean and how do I use it?<\/h3>\n<div id=\"faq-prepin-q6-answer\" class=\"rank-math-answer\"><p><em>In gamba<\/em> describes a person who is sharp, capable, on top of things. <em>Ti consiglio il mio dentista, \u00e8 davvero in gamba<\/em> = I recommend my dentist, he is really good. It is informal but not slang, you can use it in most situations. The literal sense is roughly &#8220;on one&#8217;s legs&#8221;, derived from being able to stand and act. The opposite is <em>sotto le scarpe<\/em> (down in the dumps) or <em>gi\u00f9<\/em> (down).<\/p><\/div>\n<h3 id=\"faq-prepin-q7\" class=\"rank-math-question\">Is &#8220;in seguito a&#8221; or &#8220;a seguito di&#8221; more correct?<\/h3>\n<div id=\"faq-prepin-q7-answer\" class=\"rank-math-answer\"><p>Both formal connectors exist and they overlap heavily. <em>In seguito a<\/em> emphasises a temporal sequence: <em>in seguito al terremoto, abbiamo dovuto evacuare<\/em>. <em>A seguito di<\/em> is more bureaucratic and stresses causal consequence: <em>a seguito della Sua richiesta, la informo che<\/em>. In journalism the two are interchangeable; in everyday Italian both feel formal, prefer <em>dopo<\/em> or <em>per via di<\/em> in casual speech.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:rank-math\/faq-block -->\n\n\n<!-- wp:separator -->\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n<!-- \/wp:separator -->\n\n\n<!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Related guides<\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading -->\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<!-- wp:list-item --><li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-preposition-a\/\">Italian Preposition A: The Complete Guide<\/a><\/li><!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n<!-- wp:list-item --><li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-di-vs-da\/\">Italian DI vs DA: The Complete Guide<\/a><\/li><!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n<!-- wp:list-item --><li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-per-idioms\/\">Italian PER Idioms<\/a><\/li><!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n<!-- wp:list-item --><li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-modal-verbs\/\">Italian Modal Verbs<\/a><\/li><!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n<!-- wp:list-item --><li><a href=\"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/italian-stressed-pronouns\/\">Italian Stressed Pronouns<\/a><\/li><!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n<\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Italian preposition IN in every role: countries, indoor places, transport, time of completion, manner, idioms. Five traps for English speakers, 12 idioms, a station dialogue.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10020,"featured_media":23878,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[1433,1434,1439,1435,1436,1441,1437,1440,1438,1442],"class_list":["post-23860","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lingua","tag-in-arrivo","tag-in-barba-a","tag-in-cattive-acque","tag-in-compenso","tag-in-gamba","tag-in-grado-di","tag-in-media","tag-in-pompa-magna","tag-in-sordina","tag-in-stato-interessante","no-featured-image-padding","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23860","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10020"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23860"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23860\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59681,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23860\/revisions\/59681"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23878"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23860"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23860"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dante-learning.com\/eng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23860"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}